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COLD WAR AND DECOLONISATION (1945-1992)
COLD WAR AND DECOLONISATION (1945-1992)
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Possible test questions for the last examination
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1
What does it mean the noun "retaliation"?
Counterattack
Greeting of peace
2
What nuclear crisis brought the world to the brink of nuclear war?
The Jamaican crisis
The German crisis
The Cuban crisis
The Korean crisis
3
The Second World War ended with
A peace treaty (Versailles)
Territorial agreements (Conferences of Yalta and Potsdam)
4
Zionism is a...
Polish nationalist movement from the 18th century
Jewish nationalist movement in Europe (end of 19th century)
5
The new order after 1945 was characterised above all by
negotiations politics
nationalist politics
bloc politics
expansionist politics
6
What does it mean the adjective "deterrent"?
Tranquilizing
Dissuasive
7
What claimed the US according to the Truman Doctrine?
The right to intervene wherever the Communist Bloc could win
The neutrality during the Cold War (no military actions)
The right to intervene wherever the Capitalism could win
8
The intervention of one the following countries sparked the Vietnam War (1958-1975)
United Kingdom
United States
Japan
Australia
9
Which parallel divides Korea into the Communist and Pro-Western capitalist zones?
the 25th parallel
the 38th parallel
The 10th parallel
the 43rd parallel
10
The Hindu were represented by
The Congress Party, with Mahatma Gandhi as leader
The Muslim League, with Ali Jinnah as leader
11
Which of the following Centroeuropean countries opposed the Soviet Union in
1956
?
Czechoslovakia
Poland
Hungary
Romania
12
The first crisis of the Cold War occurred in the city of...
Stuttgart in 1949
Wien in 1947
Warsaw in 1946
Berlin in 1948
13
The first moments of tension between the two powers occurred between
1947 and 1948
1946 and 1947
1950 and 1951
1945 and 1946
14
The reduction in military spending was seen as a sign of weakness and Soviet republics declared
the independence from Moscow
their support to the USSR and will of remaining into it
15
Which Mao's policy mobilised the peasant communes to build large infrastructure projects?
The Great Leap Backward, 1967
The Great Leap Forward, 1958
16
The USSR annexed...
Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia and Italy
Austria, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Greece
Denmark, Germany, Austria, Luxemburg, Liechtenstein
Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and part of Poland and Romania
17
Faced with the dissolution of the USSR, Gorbachev tried to create a...
federal state structure, but his plans were failed
centralized state structure which was successful
18
After the 1963 Missile Crisis, tension reduced slightly and the Soviets began to talk about...
massive retaliation
mutual assured destruction
peaceful coexistence
19
Which of the following years North Korea attacked South Korea and the US helped the second one?
1951
1949
1953
1950
20
In 1920, Zionism demanded the creation of a Jewish state in the Middle East, encouraged
the emigration of Jews from all over the world to Iran
the emigration of Jews from all over the world to Palestine
the emigration of Jews from all over the world to Egypt
the emigration of Jews from all over the world to Syria
21
Who proclaimed the state in Israel and when?
David Ben Gurion, 1948 (partition of Palestine was: 1947)
Golda Meir, 1956
Benjamin Nettanyahu, 1960
Simon Peres, 1964
22
This boundary divided Germany into two zones: the western one under the Allies, and the eastern
under France
under the US
under Denmark
under the USSR
23
After its defeat in the WW2, Germany was divided by a north-south boundary called...
the Gold Curtain
the Tin Curtain
the Iron Curtain
the Silver Curtain
24
Which two new states were created in 1949?
Republic of Upper Germany and Republic of Lower Germany
Federal Republic of Germany and German Democratic Republic
25
In the years that followed (1945-1992), the rest of the countries in Eastern Europe adopted
the American approach
the German approach
the Soviet approach
the British approach
26
As most of the communist regimes in Eastern Europe were disappearing, on 9th November 1989...
the Berlin Wall was brought down
GDR communist police repressed people by shooting them
27
Which of the following Centroeuropean countries opposed the Soviet Union in
1968
?
Poland
Romania
Hungary
Czechoslovakia
28
What does the Russian term "perestroika" mean?
"Reform", in terms of reducing international tension
"Openness", in terms of freedom of expression and press
29
What is (still today) the pro-Western capitalist zone in Korea?
Eastern Korea
North Korea
Western Korea
South Korea
30
At the same, a new rivalry developed for
control of the mountains (Mountain Race)
control of the whole world (World Race)
control of space (Space Race)
control of the oceans (Oceans Race)
31
Even though Den Xiaoping opened China to the foreign countries, suppressed violently the
Shangai Square protests (1983)
Beijing Square protests (1985)
Tiananmen Square protests (1989)
Hong Kong Square protests (1979)
32
The Zionist project was supported by Great Britain, expressed in...
the Geneva Convention
the Balfour declaration
the Hague Declaration
the Treaty of Versailles
33
What happened in China just after the Japanese defeat at the end of the Second World War?
A pacific agreement between nationalists and communists
A civil war among nationalists and communists
34
What exactly the NATO was?
A mutual defence alliance
A separated and conditioned defence alliance
35
One of the following aspects is a factor that influenced the process of decolonisation. Mark it
Expansionism of the Axis Powers
The decline of the USSR during the 1980'S
The defence of the right of self-determination (UN Charter)
The reconstruction of European economy (Marshall Plan)
36
What political doctrine for nuclear weapons does the acronym MAD mean?
Mutual Assured Destruction
Mutual Arms Development
37
When did the Chinese Empire end?
In 1936
In 1911
In 1968
In 1840
38
Western Europe maintained the system of...
Single party and nationalised economy
Parliamentary system and nationalised economy
Parliamentary system and capitalist economy
Single party and capitalist economy
39
Indochina, after WW2 Japan's defeat, started a communist liberation movement led by
Sukarno
Mahatma Gandhi
Ali Jinnah
Ho Chi Minh
40
Eastern Europe did not accept the Marshall Plan because of
the pressure from the Islamic countries
the pressure from the USSR
the pressure
the pressure from the US
41
The Soviet approach or political model meant...
... Single party and liberal economy
Different parties and liberal economy
Different parties and nationalised economy
Single party and nationalised economy (no private property)
42
Which of the following Soviet leaders came to power in 1985, under the so-called "perestroika"?
Yuri Andropov
Mikhail Gorbachev
Konstantin Chernenko
Leonid Brezhnev
43
What opposing alliance did the Soviet bloc create as a response to the NATO and when?
The Warsaw Pact, 1949
The Budapest Pact, 1946
The Krákow Pact, 1947
The Berlin Pact, 1948
44
After Stalin's death (1953), Khruschev made some attempts at
liberalisation (but the Cold War made this impossible)
intensifying Stalin's repression
45
One of the first countries to gain independence in Asia was a former British colony, ...
Iran (1962)
India (1947)
Afghanistan (1982)
Myanmar (1955)
46
Which country decided to strenghten its military position by creating the NATO?
US
France
USSR
France
47
In the 1950s, the Soviet economic model resulted in great technological advances, during the...
Space Race
Engines Race
48
However, many countries still depend economically on their former mother countries, ...
which is called "neo-globalisation"
which is called "independent economy"
which is called laissez-faire
which is called "neo-colonialism"
49
As a result of higher consumption, and state intervention in the economy, a new policy emerged:
the Dreyfus affaire
the laissez-faire
the Final Solution
the welfare state
50
Months after the coup d'état of August 1991, at Christmas, the Cold War
had ended
still remained
51
The Muslim were represented by
The Muslim League with Ali Jinnah as leader
The Congress Party with Mahatma Gandhi as leader
52
To help Europe recover after the WW2, the US developed an economic support programme called...
the McIntire Plan (1945-1950)
the Dreyfus Plan (1946-1956)
the Marshall Plan (1947-1952)
the Reagan Plan (1950-1960)
53
What does the acronym NATO mean and when was it founded?
North Athlantic Treaty Organisation, 1949
Non-Alligned Territories Organisation, 1956
54
After the war, the Soviet leader, Stalin, refused to order the withdrawal of Red Army occupying
Western Europe, to the west of Paris
Easter Europe, to the east of Berlin
55
What happened in China in 1949?
Communists declared the People's Republic of China
The communist and nationalist sides signed a peace treaty
56
For which of the following economic systems did Yugoslavia opt?
Chinese model
Soviet model
Capitalist model
Mixed-economy model (the state allowed private ownership)
57
In 1963, the USA discovered Soviet nuclear missile bases on.............
Spanish soil
Cuban soil
Jamaican soil
Afgan soil
58
In 1966, to eliminate Chinese traditional culture, Mao launched...
the Traditional Revolution
the Industrial Revolution
the Cultural Revolution
the Destructive Revolution
59
How is called the Truman Doctrine too?
reassurement
harassment
advancement
containment
60
Khrushchev's successor, Leonid Brezhnev (1964-1982)...
reaffirmed Stalin's strict orthodoxy
continued Khrushchev's attempts at liberalisation
had not time enough to develop some reforms
61
Who was the first Chinese Communist leader?
Deng Xiaoping
Chiang-Kai-shek
Hiro-Hito
Mao Zedong
62
Indochina, which was entirely a former French colony, was divided into three new countries:
Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam
Mongolia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
Turkmenistan, Mongolia and Manchuria
Nepal, Tibet and Kazakhistan
63
Welfare state means that taxes are invested in social welfare, such as
education and healthcare free of charge, retirement, etc.
space technology, nuclear weapons, etc.
64
Decolonisation was the process by which many European colonies in Africa and Asia had the...
opportunity to become politically independent
misfortune of remaining as colonies during the 20th century
65
What did the Americans organize as a response to Stalin's blockade to Berlin in 1948?
An airlift so that supplies could reach the city by air.
An invasion of the USSR
66
What did the Iron Curtain separate in Europe?
Nazi and Allied countries
Capitalist and communist countries
Right-wing and left-wing countries
67
According to the territorial agreements, the world would be divided into...
three areas of influence (Nazi, US and USSR
two areas of influence (US's and USSR's ones)
68
It was installed between the Kremlin and the White House to be communicated in case of crisis:
green telephone
blue telephone
violet telephone
red telephone
69
What does the Russian term "glasnost" mean?
"Openness", in terms of freedom of expression and press
"Reform", in terms of reducing international tension
70
The period of highest tension began in 1957, when US President Eisenhower threatened
massive retaliation
reduced retaliation
71
Gorbachev's failure, combined with economic decline and attempts to restore communism, led to
a coup d'état in August 1991
organise a meeting for all Russian politicians
ask help to the Spain to intervene in Russia
a dead-end solution without results
72
During the Cold war in the USSR, there were...
barely any political changes
many important political changes
73
In the 1947 there were two important cultures:
Hindu and Muslim
Hindu and Taoist
Hindu and Zoroastrian
Hindu and Buddhist
74
During the Cold War, the two superpowers developed a strategic system of
peaceful international relationship based on conferences
threat and defence based on the deterrent nuclear weapons
75
Which US presidents applied the Truman Doctrine after Truman himself?
Carter and Reagan
Eisenhower and Kennedy
Bush and Obama
Nixon and Carter
