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AP Review - Neuro & Development
AP Review - Neuro & Development
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1
An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to
Alzheimer's
schizophrenia
Parkinson's
depression
2
The successful functioning of children who have experienced a hemispherectomy best illustrate:
reuptake
plasticity
aphasia
phrenology
3
Which of the following would be most useful for detecting the exact location of a brain lesion?
an EEG
a CT scan
a PET scan
a hemispherectomy
4
Knowing what you are touching or how hot water is involves which part of the brain?
temporal lobe
frontal lobe
somatosensory cortex
cerebrum
5
The pons is located between the medulla and other brain areas. It's responsible for what?
seeing and hearing
balance
motor coordination
sleep and dreams
6
Who studied attachment styles using the Strange Situation?
Ainsworth
Baumrind
Kubler-Ross
Loftus
7
Underlying Alzheimer's disease is a deterioration in neurons that produce
serotonin
dopamine
epinephrine
acetylcholine
8
What is the correct order of genetic makeup from largest to smallest?
DNA, genes, chromosomes
genes, chromosomes, DNA
DNA, chromosomes, genes
chromosomes, DNA, genes
9
What is another term for a sensory neuron?
afferent neuron
efferent neuron
motor neuron
interneuron
10
If a baby has a diminished responsiveness to a repeated stimulus, they have experienced
temperament
habituation
maturation
heritability
11
A parent that states, "You will wash the dishes because I said so" represents _______ parenting
authoritative
permissive
authoritarian
secure attachment
12
Adjusting one's current schema in order to make sense of new information is
accomodation
assimilation
habituation
egocentrism
13
A person's ability to think speedily and abstractly is called
artificial intelligence
crystallized intelligence
practical intelligence
fluid intelligence
14
For the unborn children of mothers who smoke heavily, nicotine is a(n):
teratogen
depressant
agonist
hallucinogen
15
The limbic system is responsible for
breathing reulations
speech
balance and coodination
Emotion, hunger, and memory
16
Harlow's research demonstrated the importance of _____ in social development.
self-esteem
body contact
nourishment
protection from harm
17
The peripheral nervous system most directly controls:
the spinal cord
the reticular formation
sensory and motor neurons
association areas
18
Get Ready...
autonomy versus self-doubt
trust versus mistrust
Identity versus role confusion
initiative versus guilt
19
During Piaget's sensorimotor stage, children acquire a:
capacity for abstract reasoning
concept of conservation
theory of mind
sense of object permanence
20
According to Piaget, what type of learning do humans gain during the formal operational stage?
memorization skills
symbolism
abstract thought
visual learning
21
The importance of schemas was most clearly highlighted by
Haidt's social intuitionist theory
Erikson's psychosocial development
Kohlberg's moral development
Piaget's cognitive development
22
Wernicke's area is located on which lobe of the brain?
right temporal lobe
left frontal lobe
left temporal lobe
left occipital lobe
23
Light hits the retina signaling the suprachiasmatic nucleus to alter ___from the pineal gland.
melatonin
serotonin
endorphins
dopamine
24
Which part of the brain is affected during a split-brain operation?
cerebrum
medulla
cerebellum
corpus callosum
25
What is the term for society's expectations for how males and females should behave?
gender roles
gender typing
gender identity
social identity theory
26
An awareness that objects continue to exist when out of sight is called:
sensory-motor
Mental images
conservation
object permanence
27
Consciousness is
the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember
the sudden, novel realization of the solution to a problem
our awareness of ourselves and our environment
effortless encoding of incidental information into memory
28
Get Ready...
experimental
chronological
longitudinal
cross-sectional
29
Get Ready...
nature
continuity
nurture
conservation
30
Which of the following is
not
part of the limbic system?
hippocampus
hypothalamus
cerebellum
amygdala
31
Which neurotransmitter is primarily inhibitory?
dopamine
glutamate
GABA
acetylcholine
32
Which of the following is associated with fight-or-flight?
sympathetic
central
somatic
parasympathetic
33
Piaget held that egocentrism is the characteristic of the _________ stage.
preoperational
formal operational
sensorimotor
concrete operational
34
The gland that regulates body growth is the
thyroid
pituitary
hypothalamus
adrenal
35
The human sleep cycle repeats itself about every
2 1/2 hours
90 minutes
30 minutes
4 hours
36
Julie is more alert in the AM and her brother Jack is more alert in the PM. This difference stems from a difference in
daily activities
personalities
circadian rhythms
sleep cycles
37
Dylan damaged his left cerebral hemisphere. Which job could he still do well?
journalist
public speaker
English teacher
graphic artist
38
Identical twins originate from the fertilization of ____ egg cells(s) by ____ sperm cell(s).
one; one
one; two
two; one
two; two
39
Freud called the remembered storyline of a dream its _____content.
latent
dissociated
manifest
paradoxical
40
Deep sleep appears to play an important role in
physical growth
paradoxical sleep
posthypnotic amnesia
sleep apnea
41
Neurotransmitters are released from the vesicles located in the knoblike terminals of the
cell body
dendrite
axon
myelin sheath
42
The regions of the parietal lobes that involved in mathematical/spatial reasoning are known as:
the reticular formation
the corpus callosum
the angular gyrus
association areas
43
Mr. Frank triggered a rooting reflex in his infant son by touching him on the
arm
cheek
knee
foot
44
Which is the correct order of prenatal development?
zygote, fetus, embryo
zygote, embryo, fetus
embryo, zygote, fetus
embryo, fetus, zygote
45
Which of the following is
not
controlled by the hypothalamus?
motivation and reward
sex
eating and drinking
balance and coordination
46
Bodily sensations (touch, pressure, and temperature) are processed in which area of the brain?
parietal lobe
temporal lobe
frontal lobe
occipital lobe
47
Russian psychologist Vygotsky suggested children need _____ from parents to develop cognitively
body contact
basic trust
scaffolding
secure attachment
48
Who created the sex role inventory and studied androgyny?
Ainsworth
Kubler-Ross
Baumrind
Bem
49
When people leave home, get married, have children, and retire is set by a culture's
social clock
maturation cycle
family calendar
developmental norm
50
Antonio can empathize with his friend's feelings and can take their perspective. He has a(n)
basic trust
schema
theory of mind
self-concept
51
Which part of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in making plans & moral judgments?
temporal lobes
frontal lobes
parietal lobes
occipital lobes
52
THC, the active ingredient in ________is classified as a _____.
marijuana; stimulant
marijuana; depressant
cocaine; stimulant
marijuana; hallucinogen
53
The rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during stage 2 sleep are called
amplitude waves
delta waves
sleep spindles
alpha waves
54
Kohlberg studied ______ development and Haidt studied the _______ theory.
psychosocial; psychosexual
cognitive; social learning
moral; intuitionist
physical; role
55
The circadian rhythm is influenced by light-sensitive retinal protiens triggering signals to
the suprachiasmatic nucleus
the sleep spindles
the dopamine reward system
the thyroid gland
56
A drug that blocks the reuptake of a particular neurotransmitter is called a(n):
agonist
glutamate
antagonist
opiate
57
Get Ready...
Conventional
Postconventional
Nonconventional
Preconventiional
58
Ed watches liquid poured from a short glass to a tall & knows it's the same amount. He has
conservation
theory of mind
object permanence
abstract reasoning
59
Individuals with autism often lack
object permanence
conservation
theory of mind
egocentrism
60
Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in:
lost of muscular coordination
respiratory failure
heart failure
loss of hearing
61
What is Erikson's first stage of psychosocial development?
identity vs role confusion
integrity vs dispare
intimacy vs isolation
trust vs mistrust
62
Which of the following is an example of a secondary sex characteristics?
genitalia
female hight
female ovaries
male facial hair
63
The process of imprinting occurs during a brief developmental phase known as
menarche
puberty
habituation
critical period
64
The ovaries in females and the testes in males are part of the
endocrine system
reticular formation
sympathetic nervous system
limbic system
65
Drugs such as alcohol and opiates that calm neural activity and slow body functions are called
endorphins
amphetamines
depressants
hallucinogens
66
Which part of the brain is responsible for speech production?
Wernkicke's area
hypothalamus
Broca's area
hippocampus
67
When humans suffer damage to this part of the brain, they can fall into a vegetative state.
temporal lobe
frontal lobe
parietal lobe
reticular formation
68
The depolarization of a neural membrane creates a(n)
neural network
action potential
hormone
resting potential
69
What is a slow-acting, long-lasting chemical messenger that travels through the bloodstream?
dopamine
hormone
neurotransmitter
acetylcholine
70
What part of the brain receives sensory information and relays it to the appropriate area?
thalamus
cerebellum
hypothalamus
motor cortex