A centrifuge is used in a clinical laboratory setting to

separate liquid from cells in blood

A patient becomes pale and diaphoretic during a blood draw. What should you do first?

Remove the needle from the patient; stop the blood draw.

Your patient repeatedly refuses to have their blood drawn. What should you do?

Notify the pt's physician according to institution policy

Which of the following statements most accurately describes capillary puncture blood?

A mix of venous, arterial, and tissue fluid

How should blood be transferred from a syringe to a vacuum tube?

Remove the needle & attach a needle-less transfer device

When collecting two sets of blood cultures, which of the following is true?

They must be obtained from two different collection sites.

When should blood collection tubes be labeled?

At the pt's bedside, after taking the blood

Capillary blood collection would not be appropriate for which patient type?

patients who are severely dehydrated

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Phlebotomy Review 1

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Mayland Community College Phlebotomy Final Exam Review

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1
Failure to act or perform duties according to the standard of care for phlebotomy is:
negligence
a battery
criminal action
slander
2
A centrifuge is used in a clinical laboratory setting to
separate liquid from cells in blood
sort tubes of different colors
store tubes at correct temperatures
measure blood oxygen levels
3
EDTA blood smear should be made
within 1 hour
within 4 hours
within 12 hours
anytime
4
A patient becomes pale and diaphoretic during a blood draw. What should you do first?
Stop the draw and begin again at a different puncture site.
Call a code blue.
Continue filling the blood tubes quickly.
Remove the needle from the patient; stop the blood draw.
5
Which blood parameter measures the amount of oxygen in the blood?
PO2
O2 Saturation
PCO2
pH
6
WHAT BLOOD COMPONENT IS INVOLVED WITH CLOTTING BLOOD AND REPAIRING SKIN?
RED BLOOD CELLS
PLASMA
WHITE BLOOD CELLS
PLATELETS
7
What is the preferred method of blood collection in newborns and infants?
Hand vein w/butterfly needle and syringe
Routine venipuncture of median cubital vein
Dermal puncture
Arterial sample
8
Ensuring that the patient understands and agrees that his/her blood is going to be drawn...
Informed Consent
Privacy
Legality
Confidentiality
9
General phlebotomy needles are ________gauge.
12-15
20-21
22-25
25-30
10
The largest veins that return blood to the heart from the rest of the body
atriium/atria
vena cava
ventricles
aorta
11
Blood looks red to the human eye because it is rich in:
b. Alveoli
c. Red blood cells
d. Hemoglobin
a. Capillaries
12
Which component of blood contains hemoglobin?
plasma
white blood cells
red blood cells
platelets
13
The four types of Human Blood are:
A, B, C, D
O, H, A, OA
AB, A, B, O
A, B, H, O
14
The forearm vein most commonly used for venipuncture is the...
Median Cubital
Radial
Basilic
Median Cephalic
15
list three organizations provide accreditation for phlebotomy programs
(MPT),(MLAS),(FSA),(AMT)
(MSDS),(OSHA),(CLIA),(SDS)
(AMT), (ASPT),(NAACLS),(NPA)
page 315 for full meaning of obreviations
16
Which test measures the level of bicarbonate in the blood?
CO2
PCO2
HCO3-
H2CO3
17
Supplying oxygen and nutrients to the entire body is known as:
Heart/Lung circulation
Pulmonary circulation
Systemic circulation
Cardiopulmonary circulation
18
Your patient repeatedly refuses to have their blood drawn. What should you do?
Take the request form back to the laboratory
Notify the pt's physician according to institution policy
Call for another phlebotomist to help convince the patient
Attempt to draw it because the physician ordered the test
19
WHITE BLOOD CELLS ARE ALSO KNOWN AS???
ERYTHROCYTES
MONOCYTES
PHAGOCYTES
LEUKOCYTES
20
right AFTER the blood enters the lungs, where is its next destination?
Pulmonary Veins
Aorta
Right Ventricle
Superior Vena Cava
21
What is the fluid portion of the blood called?
Plasma
water
Red blood cells
white blood cells
22
Which of the following has higher levels in the capillary blood than in venous blood?
Calcium
Sodium
Chloride
Glucose
23
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT TRUE OF BLOOD?
IT TAKES 3 MINUTES TO DEGRADE
IT IS A TISSUE
WE HAVE 5 LITERS OF IT
VERY FEW PEOPLE ARE AB-
24
What is the purpose of thrombin additive in a blood collection tube?
to prevent blood clotting
to promote blood clotting
to destroy platelets
to delay blood clotting
25
Capillary puncture blood most closely resembles
intracellular fluid
venous blood
tissue fluid
arterial blood
26
The pacemaker of the heart is known as the:
sinoventricular node (sa node)
bundle of His
purkinje fibers
atrioventricular node (av node)
27
What special handling must be done for coldagglutinins
Prewarm tubes for 30 minutes
Nothing
Put the tubes on ice
Protect from light
28
Which tube must contain a 9:1 ratio of blood to anticoagulant?
sodium citrate tube
EDTA tube
navy blue top tube
Pink top tube
29
The large white blood cells are the
Basophils
Neutrophils
None of the above
Monocytes
30
Which of the following statements most accurately describes capillary puncture blood?
Mostly venous blood mixed with tissue fluid
A mix of venous, arterial, and tissue fluid
Mostly tissue fluid mixed with arterial blood
Nearly identical to a venous blood specimen
31
The white blood cell most often seen when performing a differential is
Monocytes
Lymphocyte
Segmented neutrophil
Neutrophilic band
32
How should blood be transferred from a syringe to a vacuum tube?
Expel blood into the tube by removing needle & stopper
Put a cap on the syringe & transfer it to lab
Remove the needle & attach a needle-less transfer device
Insert the needle that was used for the draw intothe stopper
33
Cerebrospinal fluid is also known as...
CSF
BF
Jelly
CF
34
What is the function of lymphocytes?
Digestion.
Break down.
Create antibodies to defend.
Regulation.
35
Which of the following is not a type of white blood cell?
lymphocyte
basophil
monocyte
platelet
36
a blood smear should contain which of the following...
feathered edges
horizontal grooves
thickened edges
vertical ridges
37
When collecting two sets of blood cultures, which of the following is true?
Both cultures can be drawn from the same puncture site.
They must be obtained from two different collection sites.
must wait 60 min between draws
One set should be drawn from a central line.
38
Platelets or thrombocytes are involved in doing what in the blood?
All the above
Coagulation
Carry's oxygen
Fighting infection
39
The smallest components of blood responsible for blood clotting are known as:
erythrocytes
thrombocytes
embolus
leukocytes
40
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called:
venules
veins
arteries.
capillaries
41
When should blood collection tubes be labeled?
At the pt's bedside, before taking the blood
As soon as you return to the lab after collecting blood
At the pt's bedside, after taking the blood
Before leaving lab to draw pt's blood
42
The pulmonary circulation carries blood between which two organs?
Heart and all other body tissues
Heart and lungs
Lungs and all other body tissues
Lungs and brain
43
The name of the instrument that measures blood pressure is called a(n)
X-ray machine
mercury
stethoscope
sphygmomanometer
44
What is the single most important step of the blood collection procedure?
Patient identification
Appropriate vein selection
Selection of the proper tubes
Application of the tourniquet
45
THE CLUMPING OF BLOOD DUE TO MIXING WRONG BLOOD TYPES IS CALLED?
ALL OF THESE
ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEX
AGGREGATION
AGGLUTINATION
46
Which of the following sections is not part of the clinical laboratory?
Microbiology
Hematology
Radiology
Chemistry
47
True or False: HIV infects B lymphocytes in the human immune system.
Banana
True
False
48
The average life span of an erythrocytes (red blood cell) is
2-4 days
100-120 days
25-30 days
365 days
49
Phlebotomy means?
Surgical removal of a cell
Cutting into a vein
Surgical removal of a vein
Cutting into a cell
50
Which abbreviation stands for a type of blood collection vacuum tube?
GTT
SST
RBC
CCU
51
Capillary blood collection would not be appropriate for which patient type?
patients who are severely dehydrated
patients who are extremely obese
patients with veins that are difficult to access
infants
52
These are very small blood vessels next to every cell in your body
veins
arteries
white blood cells
capillaries
53
Blood levels of which of the following analytes are increased with congestive heart failure?
BNP
Cardiac troponin
APTT
PT
54
The heart is enclosed by a double-layered membranous sac known as the:
pericardium
nucleus
epithelium
ventrical
55
What is the proper way to obtain a blood alcohol level specimen?
Clean site w/ alcohol and perform routine venipuncture
Call lab to get phleb who is experienced in drawing arteries
Clean site with Betadine and perform routine venipuncture
Use alcohol to clean the site & perform a dermal puncture
56
When choosing a needle for phlebotomy, you must remember that as gauge numbers go up, so the needles get…?
Wider
Longer
Narrower
Shorter
57
This type of muscle can only be found in the heart.
involuntary
respiratory
smooth
cardiac
58
Which blood parameter is a measure of carbon dioxide levels in the blood?
pH
PO2
O2 Saturation
PCO2
59
Apply: The __________ system controls blood flow in the human body.
cardiovascular system
pulmonary
digestive
nervous
60
The smallest veins in the human body
villi
venules
bronchioles
lymph glands
61
Reporting final clinical laboratory test results is an example of which of the following?
Preanalytical
Maintenance
Postanalytical
Analytical
62
Veins carry
Blood towards the heart
Blood away from the heart
Oxygenated blood
Blood high in oxygen
63
Veins have what kind of valves?
no valves
one way vales
2 way valves
tunic valves
64
When performing a differential white blood count, a basophil will be recognized by
None of the above
A segmented nucleus, but the granules have no specific color
Large blue to purple staining granules
Large red to bronze staining granules
65
Which anticoagulant is used for arterial blood gas collection?
Oxalate
EDTA
Heparin
Citrate
66
An example of QC (quality control) measure in phlebotomy is
Checking expiration dates
Documenting missed venipunctures
67
What is the first step in routine blood collection?
Select and prepare the site of collection.
Obtain a requisition form from a licensed practitioner.
Choose the appropriate equipment for collecting the sample.
Correctly and positively identify the patient.
68
___________ are groups of cells working together in the body to perform one function.
Organs
Organ Systems
Tissues
Organism
69
Phlebotomy is used as a therapeutic treatment for:
phlebitis.
leukemia.
polycythemia.
diabetes.
70
what are some ancient phlebotomy practices and their uses ?
drinking other patients blood
praying
draining of all blood
bloodletting& the use of leeches bleed person rid of ailment
71
Which color blood collection tube does not require an additive?
blue
lavender
green
red
72
When you graduate the phlebotomy program, you can then become
certified
standardized
accredited
calibrated
73
THIS IS A PICTURE OF RED BLOOD CELLS, ALSO KNOWN AS???
HEMOCYTES
PLATELETS
ERYTHROCYTES
LEUKOCYTES
74
the abbreviation VAD is commonly used in hospitals to refer
venous anesthetic devices
various anesthetic devices
venous access devices
variable antiseptic dilutions
75
The largest artery in the body is the...
Inferior vena cava
Superior vena cava
Aorta
Carotid Artery
76
The bicuspid valve is also known as the:
pulmonic valve
mitral valve
aortic valve
tricuspid valve
77
The study of blood is known as
hemoglobin
hematology
hemolysis
hematoxylin
78
Which of the following can cause hemolysis of a blood specimen?
Not mixing the tubes that contain anticoagulant
Using a small-gauge needle and a large vacuum tube
Using a syringe to draw the specimen
Using a needle w/ a larger gauge than necessary
79
Which action by the pbt can result in an unusable blood smear?
Applying firm pressure to the spreader slide
Making the smear immediately after applying the blood
using the spreader 1 slide at a time
holding the spreader at a 30 degree angle
80
Which blood parameter measures the acidity or alkalinity of the blood?
PO2
pH
PCO2
O2 Saturation
81
Which of the following steps should be omitted from infant heel puncture?
warm the site
Clean the site.
Apply bandage.
ID the patient.
82
Is this centrifuge properly balanced?
yes
no
83
Wiping away the first drop of blood during skin puncture...
reduces effects of hemoconcentration
Avoids bacterial contamination
eliminate tissue fluid contamination
84
Which test measures the concentration of urea in the blood?
TB
BUN
EIA
PKU
85
There are 3 main types of collection times for blood in the hospital setting
none of the above
routine, time study, sensative
Routine, Time study, STAT
routine, sensitive STAT
86
Drawing blood from an edematous extremity may cause:
premature specimen clotting.
erroneous specimen results.
rapid formation of petechiae
hemolysis of the specimen.
87
Heparin prevents blood from clotting by
inhibiting thrombin
activating calcium
preserving thrombin
binding calcium
88
The lower chambers of the heart are known as the:
atria
ventricles
lungs
aorta
89
A pbt is performing a capillary blood puncture, there is not enough blood flow, do this:
Puncture with the lancet at a 45 degree angle.
Apply firm pressure to the site.
Apply a cold compress to the site.
Lower the punctured appendix.
90
When checking blood for trace elements, what tube should be drawn?
pink top
EDTA
royal blue top
light blue top
91
Substances that prevent blood from clotting are called
anticoagulants
preservatives
adhesives
activators
92
What is medical term for "white blood cell"?
Thrombocyte
Erythrocyte
Cyanosis
Leukocyte
93
THIS BLOOD TYPE IS THE UNIVERSAL DONOR.
TYPE B
TYPE AB-
TYPE A
TYPE O
94
phlebotomy skills would not include .......
being able to handel stress
orginization
interpersonal skills
handling patient correspondence
95
If the pt says that he does not want to have his blood drawn, what is the appropriate action?
Explain the procedure and ask the pt if he will consent
Call for help to restrain the pt
Tell the pt that the Dr ordered it, so it must be collected
Keep trying to convince the pt to have his blood drawn
96
There is approximately how many litres of blood in the human body?
2-4
8-10
4-6
6-8
97
What happens in the capillaries?
Heart beat
Blood get deoxygenated
Exchange of nutrients and waste products
Blood gets oxygenated
98
______________ is a group of organs working together to do a job in the body.
Organism
Tissues
Organ Systems
Organs
99
Which mineral is needed for healthy red blood cells?
sodium
calcium
potassium
iron
100
Which national organization develops standards for phlebotomy procedures?
ASCP
CLSI
NCA
NAACLS

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