A patient with Osteosarcoma has developed Hypercalcemia, what should the nurse monitor for?

Monitor I&O, and monitor for kidney stones

What statement by the patient requires immediate teaching by the nurse regarding external radiation therapy?

"I can wash off the markings from my radiation treatments"

What is the goal of palliation surgery?

To help increase comfort & symptom control

What is a tumor marker?

Proteins, antigens, genes, hormones, produced or secreted by tumor cells.

You recognize an extravasation by an IV vesicant, what steps do you follow?

Stop the infusion, leave catheter in place, notify RN & HCP immediately.

You have a patient on your team that is receiving internal radiation what action requires follow up by the nurse?

The patient tech takes the trash and linens out of the room

How do interleukin-2 work?

Proteins made up by t-cells stimulate the body's immune system

What therapeutic intervention would a nurse recommend for a patient with stomatitis?

swishing ice water or ice chips around in mouth for 30 mins

What are some nursing interventions for a patient who is suffering from superior vena cava syndrome?

Elevate the HOB & remove restrictive clothing

When should women begin getting mammograms?

Every year starting at the age of 40

What would you NOT do when taking care of a patient with internal radiation?

Reposition the patient every 2 hours

You walk into a patients room & notice a radiation implant in a puddle of urine on the floor, what are your next steps?

Dont touch the implant, notify your charge nurse and radiation department

What is important patient teaching regarding oral chemotherapy?

Educate patient to put the toilet seat lid down and flush twice after use

What is superior vena cava syndrome?

Lung or chest cancer that block circulation in the superior vena cava

How do Granulocyte- colony stimulating factor's work?

stimulates proliferation of stem cells into neutrophils

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Cancer - Med surg

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Questions 79

Answers

1
Tumor Staging: Cancer in the situ (in place) only found at site?
I
IV
0
II
2
What is a normal WBC count?
1,000-2,000
50,000-100,000
15,000-20,000
5,000-10,000
3
What tumor marker is used to test for ovarian, cervical, liver, and pancreatic cancers?
CEA
CA 125
CA 15-3
CA 19-9
4
How often should a patient be getting a colonoscopy to check for colorectal cancers?
Every 5 years
Every year
Every 3 years
Every 10 years
5
Results from release of Ca into the blood from bone deterioration or from secretion of parathyroid hormone by a tumor?
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
6
What are the three common cancers found in WOMEN?
Lung
Breast
All of the above
Colon (colorectal)
7
A patient with Osteosarcoma has developed Hypercalcemia, what should the nurse monitor for?
Monitor patients bowel habits
Monitor for bone pain
Monitor I&O, and monitor for kidney stones
Monitor for increased temperature
8
What statement by the patient requires immediate teaching by the nurse regarding external radiation therapy?
"I will cover my radiated areas to protect it from the sun."
"I can wash off the markings from my radiation treatments"
"I will not apply lotion, creams, or powders to my marked areas."
"I will use a towel to pat myself dry after a bath."
9
What is the goal of palliation surgery?
To prevent cancer if a patient has a genetic history
To cure the patient of cancer
Cosmetic enhancement, return of function to a body part
To help increase comfort & symptom control
10
What does the N in TNM stand for?
Nodes counted
Nodes
Nodes involved
Non-cancerous
11
What is a tumor marker?
A test to determine the staging of a tumor
Proteins, antigens, genes, hormones, produced or secreted by tumor cells.
Ultrasonography that helps detect tumor size
A highlighted area on a PET scan to show the size of a tumor
12
What is the single most important lifestyle change to prevent cancer?
Smoking cessation
Yearly vaccines
Limiting processed meats
Maintaining a healthy weight
13
You recognize an extravasation by an IV vesicant, what steps do you follow?
Notify the HCP, then remove the catheter
Stop the infusion, leave catheter in place, notify RN & HCP immediately.
Stop the infusion, Remove the catheter, elevate the arm, notify the HCP.
Stop the infusion, remove the catheter, and then notify the HCP.
14
Cells that are not normal to the body, but are noncancerous?
Benign
Malignant
Neoplasm
15
Radioactive material is sealed and placed in a body cavity, tissue, or surface and left in place for hours or days?
Immunotherapy
Chemotherapy
Colonoscopy
Brachytherapy
16
What age should a patient began being screened for colorectal cancers?
45
21
50
55
17
What diagnostic tool uses radioactive substance injected or ingested to highlight the tumors?
Biopsy
Radioisotope study
MRI
CT scan
18
You have a patient on your team that is receiving internal radiation what action requires follow up by the nurse?
The patient tech takes the trash and linens out of the room
Offering proper distance between the radioisotope and nurse
Staff entering the room are clustering cares to limit time spent in room
Staff in the room are donning a lead apron and dosimeter for prolonged stay
19
Accurate indentification of cancer can only be done by what diagnostic tool?
CT scan
X-ray
Biopsy
PET scan
20
Select the warning signs of cancer?
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
All of the above
Change in bowel or bladder habits
21
A patient on chemotherapy is on reverse isolation, what are some neutropenic precautions the nurse should consider?
Monitor temperature and neutrophil count
Practice good hand hygiene, and avoid invasive procedures.
All of the above
Avoid fresh fruit, vegetables, and flowers.
22
What cancer treatment uses vaccines or bacteria to attack specific cancer cells to inhibit replication?
Biotherapy
Bone marrow transplant
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
23
How do interleukin-2 work?
Proteins made up by b-cells stimulate the body immune system
Causes proliferation of stem cells to transform into rbc
A protein made up by the b & t cells to stimulate the body's immune system
Proteins made up by t-cells stimulate the body's immune system
24
What is a late sign of tumor lysis syndrome?
Tetany
Nausea
Diarrhea
Vomiting
25
What therapeutic intervention would a nurse recommend for a patient with stomatitis?
swishing ice water or ice chips around in mouth for 30 mins
Rinsing frequently with commercial mouthwashes
Drinking ice cold lemonade
Brush teeth twice a day
26
Cancerous tumor of the connective tissue, including bone and muscle?
Sarcoma
Lipoma
Fibroma
Carcinoma
27
Who would not be allowed in the room with a patient who is going through internal radiation?
A 73 year old doctor
A 24 year old female nurse
A male doctor
A 32 year old pregnant nurse
28
What are some nursing interventions for a patient who is suffering from superior vena cava syndrome?
Elevate the HOB & remove restrictive clothing
Draw blood from right upper arm to monitor blood count
Lay the patient flat
Take BP on the arms every 4 hours
29
When should females begin doing self-breast examinations to check for lumps?
Beginning before puberty
At the age of 13
Beginning at puberty
At the age of 21
30
Cancerous tumor can invade surrounding tissue, spread throughout the body, can be life threatening if not treated
Neoplasm
Malignant
Benign
31
What is the number one risk factor for developing cancer?
Diabetes
Alcohol
Smoking
Obesity
32
When should women begin getting mammograms?
Every 5 years starting at the age of 25
Every other year starting at the age of 30
Every 3 years starting at the age of 40
Every year starting at the age of 40
33
What would you NOT do when taking care of a patient with internal radiation?
Reposition the patient every 2 hours
Leave the linens and trash in the patients room
Offer meals high in protein
Monitor vital signs every 4 hours
34
A patient can begin having cardiac abnormalities and renal failure secondary to tumor lysis syndrome?
True
False
35
Tumor Staging: Metastatic Spread?
IV
III
II
0
36
You walk into a patients room & notice a radiation implant in a puddle of urine on the floor, what are your next steps?
Don clean gloves, grab paper towels and clean up the mess.
Dont touch the implant, notify your charge nurse and radiation department
Clean the urine up with a mop, then notify the charge nurse
Don clean gloves, dispose of bead in the sharps container
37
When can tumor lysis syndrome appear after a patient has undergone chemotherapy?
7-14 days
3 - 5 days
24 hours - 7 days
3-7 hours
38
How many mins a day should someone exercise to help maintain a healthy lifestyle?
5 mins
45 mins
20 mins
1 hour
39
Leukopoetic growth factors work by stimulation of wbc growth to help the body fight infection?
False
True
40
What diagnostic tool is helpful in providing the cellular structure and spread of cancer?
PET scan
CT
Ultrasonography
MRI
41
What is important patient teaching regarding oral chemotherapy?
Wash hands thoroughly before picking up the medication with your bare hands
Medication can be crushed and mixed with applesauce to help with mouth pain
Store chemo with other medications
Educate patient to put the toilet seat lid down and flush twice after use
42
Which patient is at the highest risk for developing prostate cancer?
African American Men
Hispanic Men
Asian Men
Caucasian Men
43
What is superior vena cava syndrome?
A patient develops a tumor in the superior vena cava
occurs when histiocytes and lymphocytes become overactive
When the superior vena cava becomes blocked off with a blood clot
Lung or chest cancer that block circulation in the superior vena cava
44
Benign tumor of the fatty tissue?
Lymphoma
Melanoma
Lipoma
Carcinoma
45
What age should men began having prostate cancer screenings?
30
21
45
50
46
term used to describe the spread of the tumors from the primary site into separate and distant areas?
Metastasis
Benign
Neoplasm
Malignant
47
How do Granulocyte- colony stimulating factor's work?
stimulates proliferation of stem cells into neutrophils
stimulates the proliferation of stem cells into T-cells
stimulates the proliferation of stem cells into rbc's
Stimulates the proliferation of stem cells into B-cells
48
Which are early signs of tumor lysis syndrome?
A & B
Vomiting
Nausea
Paresthesia
49
What are warning signs of cancer?
All of the above
Thickening of skin or lump
Obvious change in warts or moles
50
What does the T in TNM stand for?
Tumor length
Tumor Grade
Tumor size
Tumor
51
After the age of 45 what test should be done yearly to check for colorectal cancers?
Flexible sigmoidoscopy
Colonography
Fecal occult blood test
Colonoscopy
52
Tumor staging: Limited to local spread?
III
II
0
IV
53
Which drug is an erythropoietic?
Epoetin Alfa
Ergocalciferol
Esomeprazole
Escitalopram
54
What is the most common system used for staging cancer?
PET
Tumor grader
CT
TNM
55
Tumor staging: Extensive local/regional spread?
II
III
IV
I
56
What are the three most common cancers found in men?
Lung
Prostate
All of the above
Colon (colorectal)
57
Cells of a tumor resemble normal cells?
Poorly differentiated
Well differentiated
58
Tumor staging: Localized tumor growth?
0
I
II
III
59
How do we treat tumor lysis syndrome?
Fluid restriction, high purine diet
IV hydration, Allopurinol, Diuretics, Electrolytes
Diuretics, Fluid restriction, Potassium supplement
High protein diet while continuing chemo
60
What is the tumor marker Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) checking for?
Cervical cancer
Breast cancer
Hepatocellular cancer
Prostate cancer
61
Rapid lysis of malignant cells usually due to chemotherapy or radiation therapy?
Hypercalcemia
Tumor lysis syndrome
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Myelogram
62
What does the M in TNM stand for?
Malignancy
Mid
Mole
Mestatsis
63
What is the tumor marker for colon and rectal cancers?
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
(CA 125)
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP)
64
Cervical cancer screening baseline should begin at what age?
18
40
21
55
65
Tumor marker used for colorectal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary cancers used to aid diagnosis and evaluation?
AFP
CA 125
PSA
CA 19-9
66
The higher the tumor grade the least the malignancy?
True
False
67
Cancerous tumor of the blood, plasma cells, and bone marrow?
Lymphona
Leukemia
Sarcoma
Lipoma
68
Benign tumor of the connective tissue?
Sarcoma
Fibroma
Carcinmoa
Lipoma
69
A patient comes in for an exam, what symptoms would be an alert the nurse and provider as a warning sign for cancer?
A & D
A sore that has not healed
Low grade fever & runny nose
A nagging cough or hoarseness
70
Neoplasm: Cells that reproduce abnormally ?
True
False
71
What diagnostic tool can help with the staging of malignancies?
CT scan
PET
Radioisotope
Biopsy
72
tumor is a malignant tumor that contains some normal cells. But most of the cells are abnormal?
Well differentiated
Poorly differentiated
73
What would you recommend for a patient receiving external radiation?
Encourage foods high in protein and calories, and 2-3 liters of fluid daily
All of the above
Reassure patient that lethargy and fatigue are common
Encourage frequent rest periods during treatment
74
Cancerous tumor of the skin cells?
Carcinoma
Lipoma
Sarcoma
Melanoma
75
What tumor marker would a doctor use for a patient that he suspects has breast cancer?
AFP
CA 15-3
CA 125
CA 19-9
76
Cancerous tumor of the lymph tissue?
Melanoma
Lipoma
Leukemia
Lymphoma
77
Which two tumor markers are used to check for prostate cancer?
Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP) & Prostate specific antigen (PSA)
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) & CEA
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) & CA 19-9
Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP) & CA 125
78
How does chemotherapy work?
high doses of radiation kill the cancer cells
damages the genes inside the nucleus of cells
uses our immune system to fight cancer
79
Cancerous tumor of the tissue of the skin, digestive, urinary, and respiratory tract linings?
Carcinoma
Fibroma
Myeloma
Sarcoma

Cancer - Med surg Flashcards | StudBud