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RCP100 Chapter 10 (The Cardiovascular System) Flashcards | StudBud
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RCP100 Chapter 10 (The Cardiovascular System)
RCP100 Chapter 10 (The Cardiovascular System)
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RCP100 Chapter 10 (The Cardiovascular System)
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1
WBCs (Leukocytes) normal range
5,000 – 10,000 / mm3
15,000 – 50,000 / mm3
2
Achieved primarily by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
local control
Central control
3
RAP
rightatrial pressure or CVP
right artery part
4
______respond to pressure changes
concept receptors
Baroreceptors
5
what's left in the ventricles at end of systole
End Systolic Volume (ESV)
End-Diastolic Volume (EDV)
6
when a patient loses blood (like a hemorrhage), the system capacity is a __ by constriction of the peripheral vessel
decreased
maxed out
7
Formed elements of blood include all of the following EXCEPT:
Monocytes
RBC’s
WBC’s
Plasma
8
Normal MAP is
80-100mmHg
90-200 mmHg
9
(Granulocytes) Eosinophils normally, make up approximately
40% of circulating WBC's
2% of circulating WBCs
10
(Agranulocytes) Platelets normal count ranges from
10,000 to 30,000/mm3 of blood
150,000 to 400,000/mm3 of blood
11
RBC’s (Erythrocytes) primary function:
Transport oxygen from lungs to tissues
Transport carbon dioxide from tissue cells to lungs
4 – 6 mill/mm3
12
Decreased WBC
sensitive
Leukopenia
13
___ tells heart how much to pump
Cardiovascular System
pulmonary System
14
the more cardiac fiber is stretched, the greater the tension when it contracts
Frank Starling’s Law
Boyles Law
15
(Granulocytes) Basophils account for __ of total count of WBC's
10%
1%
16
Hemoglobin carries _____ of oxygen
1.34 ml/g
6.34 ml/g
17
a pathologic constriction of a valve outlet, causes increased pressure in the proximal chamber & vessels
Stenosis
Regurgitation
18
You will see an increase in _____ when a patient has TB
Monocytes
Lymph sites
19
Stimulating the _____ either by neural or medications will have a positive inotropic response
circulation system
sympathetic system
20
Normal value range of Hematocrit is
40-50%
70-90%
21
valves open, allowing ventricular ejection into arteries (pulmonary artery and aorta)
Systole
Diastole
22
Major role in distribution/regulation of blood pressure. it control local blood flow into capillaries
Capillary system
Arterial system
Venous system
23
Basophils increase in number in both allergic & inflammatory reactions
Heparin
Histamine
24
Average total blood volume in adult
Approximately 15 to 16 liters
Approximately 5 to 6 liters
25
Pericardial Effusion
can develop into ____ which can cause shock and death
Cardiac Tamponade
Heart attack
26
what's left in the atria at end of diastole
End-Diastolic Volume (EDV)
End Systolic Volume (ESV)
27
Increase WBC
Hypersensitive
Leukocytosis
28
Inflammatory substance that causes vasodilation and attracts other WBCs to inflamed site
Histamine
Heparin
29
Constant exchange of nutrients and waste products
Venous system
Capillary system
Arterial system
30
___ begins with pulmonary trunk out of right ventricle and ends in left atrium
Systemic vasculature
Pulmonary vasculature
31
___ begins with aorta on left ventricle and ends in right atrium
Pulmonary vasculature
Systemic vasculature
32
____respond to changes in blood chemistry
Chemoreceptors
Tri-receptors
33
___are responsible for forward movement of blood
The tree bronchis
TheVentricles
34
Inhibits blood clotting (anticoagulant)
Heparin
Histamine
35
Drains lower body
Superior vena cava (SVC)
Inferior vena cava (IVC)
36
(Calculate) systemic vascular resistance (SVR) =
(SAP mmhg – DAP mmhg) / PO L/min
(MAP mmhg – RAP mmhg) / CO L/min
37
Complete obstruction of coronary artery. Causes death of heart tissue.
Myocardial ischemia
Myocardial infarction (MI)
38
(Granulocytes) Neutrophils has a normal range of
90% of total WBC count
60% of total WBC count
39
Stimulating the ____ will have a negative inotropic response
circulation system
parasympathetic system
40
Transport oxygen to tissue cells and carbon dioxide to lungs. Transport nutrients and waste products
blood
mono oxide
41
Frank-Starling Law:
Greater the stretch, the stronger the contraction
lesser the pump, the stronger the lump
42
Normal CO (QT) is
4-8L/min
6-9 L/min
43
What is blood composed of what formed elements?
Platelets
Red blood cells (RBCs)
White blood cells (WBCs)
44
MAP =
[(Systolic x 5) + Systolic] / 9
[(Diastolic x 2) + Systolic] / 3
45
Thebesian veins and Bronchial veins drain some coronary venous blood into ___
left atrium
all heart chambers
46
Sum of all opposing forces to blood flow through systemic circulation is ___
systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
positive vascular resistance (PVR)
47
Abnormal amount of accumulated fluid between layers
Pericardial effusion
Pericardium
48
the backflow of blood through an incompetent or a damaged valve
Regurgitation
Stenosis
49
Partial obstruction of coronary artery. Decreasing oxygen supply to tissue
Myocardial ischemia
Myocardial infarction (MI)
50
If stroke volume is 70 mL, and heart rate is 72 beats per minute (bpm), cardiac output is: (CO=SV x HR)
70mL x 72 = 5040 mL (.504L)
70mL x 72 = 5040 mL (5.04L)
51
Drains upper extremities and head
Superior vena cava (SVC)
Inferior vena cava (IVC)
52
Normal resting cardiac output for a health adult?
50 L/min or 6000mL/min
5 L/min or 5000mL/min
53
(Agranulocytes) Monocytes, largest of the WBC's accounts for __
3%
40%
54
(Agranulocytes) Platelets play important role in preventing blood loss from traumatized area by:
Forming platelet plugs that seal holes in small blood vessels
releasing heparin in blood
55
They regulate amount of blood flow per minute (Cardiac Output) also distributes blood to organs/ tissue (perfusion)
Capillary system
Arterial system
Venous system
56
WBC's are classified as either__
lymphocytes, matraites
Granulocytes, Agranulocytes
57
Heart wall is composed of three layers:
Middle:Myocardium
Outer: Epicardium
Inner: Endocardium
58
Changes in the rate of cardiac contractions are affected primarily by changes in __
CNS and PNS
Sympathetic or Parasympathetic tone
59
a change in blood volume or pressure, __ signal the need for vessel stretch by sending messages__
to the central control center
to the CNS
cardiac receptors
peripheral baroreceptors
60
Elevated _____ count commonly seen in asthmatic patients
peosminophil
eosinophil
61
Regulate pH and osmosis and form clots
blood
CO2
62
valves close, preventing back flow of blood into ventricles
Diastole
Systole
63
CO
cardiacoutput
cardiac outcome
64
(Agranulocytes) Lymphocytes account for ___ of total WBC count
60%
30%
65
Properties of Heart Muscle: ability to respond to electrical, chemical, or mechanical stimulation
Inherent rhythmicity
Excitability
66
CO = cardiac output (normal CO = __
25 L/min)
5L/min)
67
MAP
mean aortic pressure
mean artery pressure
68
Tissue death is called infarction and is called
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
angina
69
partial obstruction this can lead to tissue ischemia (decreased O2 supply) which causes a clinical condition called
angina
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
70
Electrolyte imbalances and certain drug can increase myocardial excitability and cause
lung expansion and liquid loss
abnormalities in electrical conduction that can lead to cardiac arrhythmia
71
Central control of vasomotor tone mainly affects the high resistance
arteriolesand capacitance veins
arteries only
72
Pumps blood back to the heart and is a reservoir for the circulatory system
Arterial system
Venous system
Capillary system
73
MAP = mean aortic pressure (normal MAP __ )
180-200mmhg
80-100mmhg
