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Cognitive Psych (Memory, problem solving, partial intelligence) Flashcards | StudBud
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Cognitive Psych (Memory, problem solving, partial intelligence)
Cognitive Psych (Memory, problem solving, partial intelligence)
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1
g factor general intelligence?
Howard Garder
Robert Sternberg
Lewis Terman
Charles Spearman
2
What is a prototype?
a life size version of something
a robotics program
a model
a list of steps
3
Which demonstrates stereotype lift?
Irene thinks she'll pass her driving test because she had a female teacher.
An old man ignores the idea of driving tests being biased against seniors.
Jay believes students in Asia outperform students in the USA in math.
Girls hear a test is biased toward boys, boosting their confidence.
4
Decision making, problem solving, thinking, cognition, intelligence, comprehension.
Cerebellum
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Hippocampus
5
Which of the following is the best example of framing
Locked your keys in the car but didn't think to call AAA
Diet Pills not shown to be effective yet still use
Lotion commercial says lotion is 75% all natural
Thought you knew the answers yet got a 65% on the test
6
If you have retrograde amnesia you cannot remember...
Your explicit memories
Your implicit memories
Your past experiences
Your present experiences
7
Rebuilding your memory of the past is called ?
Schema Theory
short term memory
memory traces
Reconstructive memory
8
Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was...
age-related and focused on mental functions
cognitive abilities
if you could answer all the questions on the test
how well you did in maths
9
What are Morphemes?
The largest component of speech that carries meaning
No clue
A component of Speech
The smallest component of speech that carries meaning
10
A(n) ________ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem.
algorithm
phoneme
heuristic
trial and error
11
What is an example of retroactive interference?
You try to remember a new address but only remember the old
You try to remember an old password but only remember the new
You try to remember a new password but only remember the old
You try to remember a new friend but only remember an old one
12
What is retroactive interference?
When someone forgets events after their accident
interference where old information blocks new information
When someone forgets events before their accident
interference where new information blocks old information
13
Which best illustrates episodic memory?
Recalling times tables from 2nd grade
Answering correctly about a date for a Civil War battle
Remembering that a clown was at your 5th birthday
Telling someone how to tie a shoe
14
Antegrade amnesia is:
Loss of memory of events before injury
Loss of memory of events after injury
Unable to recall own name
Loss of memory during injury
15
What are phonemes?
Memory that stores audio information
is a system of rules that specify how words can be arranged in a sentence
The smallest speech unit in a language that can be distinguished
enduring memory associated with a personal signicant
16
A procedural memory is...
A memory of how to do a specific task
A memory very vivid almost life-like memory
A memory of an specific life event
A memory of for colors and numbers
17
An example of semantic memory would be... (semantics, semantics)
Katy remembers what she had for lunch.
Tim can shoot a basketball with his motor skills.
Mrs. Miller recalls details of her 1st kiss!
Michael remembers the names of cities, colors, foods.
18
Chunking increases memory efficiency by
decreasing the number of items that must be remembered
visualizing
associating each item with a well-established mental image
mental imagery
19
What is damaged with Broca's asphasia?
personality
understanding of speech
speech production
hearing
20
How many types of intelligence does Gardner propose?
Five
Eight
Two
Three
21
What is linguistic determinism?
Determining what language is being spoken
Sensitive period in childhood language development
Distinguishing between sounds
Theory that language influences thinking
22
This picture is an example of a ______________, a memory aid.
iconic memory
acoustic memory
mnemonic
primacy effect
23
The effect that misleading details can effect a persons memory
Misinformation effect
Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon
Source Amnesia
Encoding Failure
24
How many phonemes does GIRL have?
5
4
2
3
25
Convergent thinking
involves thinking creatively and outside of the box.
involves considering multiple perspectives and viewpoints.
involves generating multiple solutions to a problem
involves narrowing down multiple solutions to a single correct answer.
26
The Flynn effect is most likely due to improvements in _________________
electronic media
test taking strategies
education and nutrition
reaction time
27
What is declarative memory?
symptom of memory disorders which made-up stories fill any gaps in memory
type of forgetting that occurs when memories fade over time
identification of a thing or person from previous encounters or knowledge
conscious recollection of particular facts and events (type of LTM)
28
What is the magic number of memory?
4 +/- 2
5 +/- 2
3 +/- 5
7 +/- 2
29
A mental set is
Step by step procedure
Tendency to approach a problem the same way
Conclusions based on assumptions
Mental groupings
30
The misinformation effect refers to the
tendency to recall experiences that are consistent mood.
disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall.
the eerie sense that “I've been in this situation before.”
incorporation of misleading information into memory.
31
Which is an example of an implicit memory
Remembering how to tie your shoelace
Recalling the name of your JH math teacher
Recognizing a celebrity
Describing the taste of a birthday cake
32
What is state-dependent memory?
Only being able to encode certain memories in a certain mood
Memories that make you feel a certain way
Tendency to recall experiences that go with your mood
Memories that are the opposite of the mood you're in
33
Semantic memory is
loss of memory for events immediately following a trauma
your memory for meanings and general (impersonal) facts
the power of retaining and recalling past experience
Memory of one's personal experiences
34
How many phonemes does TOE have?
8
6
4
2
35
Scotty worked to find the solution to a long-division problem. In solving the problem
framing
divergent thinking
convergent thinking
confirmation bias
36
A flashbulb memory is
Memory of one's personal experiences
the processing of information into the memory system
a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
the retention of encoded information over time
37
The function of sensory memory is to...
Hold information for a lifetime
Hold the immediate perception of what was perceived
Hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer
Put information into long-term memory
38
What is an example of proactive interference?
You drive to the old pizza place's location instead of the new
You drive to the new pizza place's location instead of the old
You remember a new phone number instead of the new one
You remember a new friend's name instead of an old one
39
What is a good representation of functional fixidness
a burrito is good for throwing at you ex-boyfriends car
a rocket is used to go to the moon
a astronauts helmet can not be used as a fish bowl
a planet can rotate only clockwise
40
Society's general increase in intelligence due to technology is known as _______.
Stereotype threat
Savant syndrome
Stereotype lift
Flynn effect
41
The spacing effect
A time paradox where space effects how time precedes
studying over time to yield better long term retention.
memory that takes place when something familiar comes up.
Effects that happen when in Space
42
What is short-term memory?
recovering information from storage
converting memory to be retained
stores small amounts of information for short periods of time
relatively permanent storage
43
What are the the stages of the memory processes?
analyzing, storing, retrieval
encoding, storage, retrieval
retrieving, analyzing, sensing
encoding, saving, analyzing
44
What is an echoic memory?
A memory brought up by a feeling
A visual sensory memory
An auditory memory
A repressed memory
45
Representativeness Heuristic
problem solving method
previous belief
something available
can create or sustain stereotypes
46
Proactive interference occurs when?
Past learning is forgotten
Current learning interferes with past learning
Past learning interferes with current learning
Memories are inaccessible
47
What is a heuristic?
Something used to identify something based on association with a category
Mental shortcuts/rules that allow people to make judgements
A memory store
Uncontrollable systematic error in thinking that affect our decision making
48
Long Term Memory is
relatively permanent with "unlimited capacity"
absolute permanent with "limited capacity"
absolute permanent with "unlimited capacity"
relatiely permanent with "limited capacity"
49
How do casinos take advantage of the availability heuristic?
Always having a lot of cash on hand in case of a big bet
Emphasizing wins with flashing lights and downplaying losses
Having Slot Machines readily available
Making it easy to win initially and drawing gamblers in
50
Availability heuristic theory argues that...
More hours spent watching TV = view that crime is high
A person's diet can effect how they view crime
Fear is influenced by how readily we access crime images
Fear is influenced by believe of risk and impact
51
All of the following are ways to improve your memory
EXCEPT
:
chunking
repetition
repression
mnemonic device
52
Who was the founder of multiple intelligence?
Binet
Sternberg
Freud
Gardner
53
What part of brain does not store memory?
hypothalamus
hippocampus
amygdala
corpus callosum
54
What is a stereotype threat?
The positive use of stereotypes in the classroom
Stereotypes that threaten others
A stereotype that has a positive effect on people
Unconscious, stereotype knowledge that hinders performance
55
Which of the following was the first scale to measure intelligence?
The Binet-Simon scale (Alfred Binet, 1905)
Wechsler Adults Intelligence scale
Fluid intelligence scale
The IQ test (William Stern)
