"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.

Created Tribute collection systems

Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?

The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.

If you wanted to add arrows on the map to show "Triangular Trade", they'd show

European goods to Africa & Americas crops to Europe

All of the following statements are true. Which one could you prove with the CULTURAL evidence from the Casta painting?

Maritime empires used syncretic religions to legitimize their rule.

What was the ECONOMIC EFFECT of Europe's presence in Asia during this era?

Europe's "trading posts" prospered by using silver to trade for luxuries.

The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...

technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.

This image of Lisbon, Portugal in the 17th Century could be used by a historian to prove...

just like land-based empires, maritime empires used guns & cannons, maritime empires created a new economic elite who'd made $ from trade, empires used monumental architecture to reinforce their rule, navigation & innovations in ship designs were critical to maritime empires

China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins would be an example of how land-based empires_____.

Generated Revenue through trade

All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade CHANGE in 1450-1750?

They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.

Which of the following WAS NOT part of the Columbian Exchange?

Smallpox from the Americas widely infected Europeans

What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?

End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.

"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.

Developed military professionals.

In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was

To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network

This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of

Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.

Why was Spain's sponsorship of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage in 1519 historically SIGNIFICANT?

It was the first circumnavigation of the entire world.

All of the following are true, but what was a POLITICAL effect of the Reformation?

Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.

Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?

The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system

Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?

Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.

The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a

desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.

Which transfer between hemispheres would have been MOST responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?

Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia

What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?

An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.

All of the following are true of the effects of the slave trade IN Africa. Which was a SOCIAL consequence?

More men were taken as slaves causing imbalances in gender and families.

Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746) MOSTLY reflects a syncretic blending of

Catholic Christianity and Native American culture

This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was NOT an effect of this trade?

Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.

What was NOT a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?

Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.

The "casta system" was

a racially based social hierarchy.

A Qing Dynasty Emperor (the elite of the elite) had a long day. What would have been the "cultural" part of his morning?

5am-7am: Worship of ancestors & the Buddha

How did Emperor Aurangzeb change the Mughal Empire's religious policies?

He tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.

Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?

Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule

What's the MOST likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?

To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.

For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that

Took Christian children as tributes for the army.

All of the following are true of Christopher Columbus' 4 voyages EXCEPT:

His mission to reach India succeeded so he established trading posts there.

This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could BEST be used to demonstrate that

Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations

This IVORY statue from 17th century INDIA exported to PORTUGAL could be used as evidence to prove

Ivory=proof that Swahili merchants continued to trade African luxury goods., India=proof that Asian trade goods were highly in demand., Crown=proof that imperial states used art to reinforce their legitimacy., Christ child=proof that Portuguese trading diffused Catholicism to Asia.

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1
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
2
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
3
In Moscow. Built by Tsar Ivan the IV ('the terrible') for the Christian Eastern Orthodox Church.
German Empire
Russian Empire
Spanish Empire
French Empire
4
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Egyptians
The Chinese
The Byzantines
The Romans
5
If you wanted to add arrows on the map to show "Triangular Trade", they'd show
African cash crops to Europe & Americas silver to Asia.
Americas goods to Africa & African slaves to Europe
European cash crops to Americas & African goods to Europe
European goods to Africa & Americas crops to Europe
6
All of the following statements are true. Which one could you prove with the CULTURAL evidence from the Casta painting?
Taxation, trade, and coerced labor provided revenue for imperial expansion.
Local bureaucratic elites were recruited to maintain imperial control.
Eurasian & American foods mixed in the 'Columbian Exchange.'
Maritime empires used syncretic religions to legitimize their rule.
7
What was the ECONOMIC EFFECT of Europe's presence in Asia during this era?
Europe's "trading posts" prospered by using silver to trade for luxuries.
Europe completely dominated all Asian markets
Europe's manufactured goods became highly in demand by Asian consumers
Europe dominated Japan's markets, but was shutout of China
8
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
9
This image of Lisbon, Portugal in the 17th Century could be used by a historian to prove...
just like land-based empires, maritime empires used guns & cannons
maritime empires created a new economic elite who'd made $ from trade
empires used monumental architecture to reinforce their rule
navigation & innovations in ship designs were critical to maritime empires
10
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
11
Which region DID NOT contribute navigation technologies that 15th century Europeans relied on?
East Asia
Middle East
The Americas
South Asia
12
Which region(s) supplied the most SUGAR to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
13
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade CHANGE in 1450-1750?
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
14
Located in Agra, India. It is a "MAUSOLEUM". Shah Jahan ordered it built for the tomb of his favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
15
Which of the following WAS NOT part of the Columbian Exchange?
Eurasian animals were transported and raised in Americas
Food of the Americas was transported and grown in Eurasia
Smallpox from the Americas widely infected Europeans
African religious and food culture came to the Americas
16
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
17
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
18
The SANTERIA religion of CUBA (in the Caribbean) would have been a blend of all of these cultures EXCEPT
Spanish Catholicism
East Asian Buddhism
African Yoruba Shamanism
Native American Animism
19
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region?
Middle East
China
Russia
South Asia
20
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
21
This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of
Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.
Aztec empire building through an alliance of the "3 tribes."
Edicts by the Pope which attempted to ban local religions.
The development of early Aztec culture and mythology.
22
Why was Spain's sponsorship of Ferdinand Magellan's voyage in 1519 historically SIGNIFICANT?
It was the first time Europeans reached the Western Hemisphere.
It was the first time a European state sponsored a transoceanic voyage.
It was the first exchange of plants and animals between hemispheres.
It was the first circumnavigation of the entire world.
23
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
The Silk Road
Regional trade in the Americas
24
All of the following are true, but what was a POLITICAL effect of the Reformation?
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
25
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
The study of the anatomy of the human body
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
26
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
The challenge to authority by local elites.
27
The empire from Unit 3 that MOST threatened European culture & economy, spurring Portugal et al to explore, was
the Mughals
the Ottomans
the Manchu Qing
the Safavids
28
In Beijing, China. Built for the "Celestial Emperor" & seat of government for 500 years. Very Confucian layout!
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
Safavid Empire
Ottoman Empire
29
All of the images below deal MOSTLY with which time period in European history?
The Artistic Renaissance
The Scientific Revolution
The Enlightenment
The Age of Exploration
30
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
31
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been MOST responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
32
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
33
All of the following are true of the effects of the slave trade IN Africa. Which was a SOCIAL consequence?
More men were taken as slaves causing imbalances in gender and families.
The population of Africa stagnated even as Eurasia's rapidly grew.
Some states increased in power because they profited from the trade.
Missionaries brought Christianity into Western and Central Africa.
34
M.East/N.Africa/Europe. Turks. Sunni Islam. Beat old Byzantine Empire. Fought Shia Muslims. Ruled by a "Sultan".
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
35
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746) MOSTLY reflects a syncretic blending of
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Christianity and Islam
Native American and African cultures
36
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was NOT an effect of this trade?
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
37
What was NOT a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
38
Which region(s) supplied the most COTTON, SPICES, & SILK to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
39
The "casta system" was
a Latin American card game.
a type of imperial bureaucracy.
an economic system.
a racially based social hierarchy.
40
A Qing Dynasty Emperor (the elite of the elite) had a long day. What would have been the "cultural" part of his morning?
11am-2:30pm: Writing laws
9:30am-11am: Meeting with officials
7am-9:30am: Reading reports from local officials about harvests, money, etc
5am-7am: Worship of ancestors & the Buddha
41
How did Emperor Aurangzeb change the Mughal Empire's religious policies?
He was religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
He converted to Buddhist traditions.
He tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
He converted to a new religion: Sikhism
42
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
43
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
encomienda
indentured servitude
chattel slavery
mit'a
44
Middle East. Persia. Shia Islam. Went to war with Ottomans. Ruled by a "Shah."
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
45
What's the MOST likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
To glorify Sunni Islam.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
46
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Abolished slavery within the empire.
47
All of the following are true of Christopher Columbus' 4 voyages EXCEPT:
His Spanish state-sponsored voyage created the 2nd maritime empire.
His mission to reach India succeeded so he established trading posts there.
His voyages made Europeans interested in exploring beyond Afro-Eurasia.
His ships were a new design known as a "caravel".
48
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could BEST be used to demonstrate that
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
49
South Asia. Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
D) Ottoman Empire
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
50
This IVORY statue from 17th century INDIA exported to PORTUGAL could be used as evidence to prove
Ivory=proof that Swahili merchants continued to trade African luxury goods.
India=proof that Asian trade goods were highly in demand.
Crown=proof that imperial states used art to reinforce their legitimacy.
Christ child=proof that Portuguese trading diffused Catholicism to Asia.
51
Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Hinduism and Islam
Hinduism and Buddhism
Christianity and Judaism
Islam and Confucianism
52
Who discovered gunpowder/how?
by blacksmiths looking to create better metals
by religious leaders looking for a way to scare away spirits.
by peasants who dug it up during farming
by alchemists trying to discover a potion of immortality
53
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church EXCEPT
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
54
In Isfahan, Iran. A mosque for SHIA Islam. Built by Shah Abbas in new capital city, it was the Royal Mosque.
Ming to Qing Empire
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
55
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
56
Aztecs demanded goods from neighboring civilizations would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
57
How is gunpowder made?
collecting angry sand
combining salt and peppa
magic
by mixing sulphur, saltpeter, and charcoal
58
Which date represents the greatest SETBACK (defeat) for Ottoman expansion efforts?
1514
1676
1571
1606
59
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Egyptian Empire
Mongol Empire
Roman Empire
Han Dynasty
60
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created taxation systems
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
61
Throughout the Americas, policies of the European empires were resisted by maroon societies. What were these?
Africans resisting slavery by running away & fighting for freedom.
Merchants resisting state tariffs (taxes) on trade.
Protestants & Catholics resisting religious laws.
Native Americans resisting land confiscation.
62
The Ming's most famous Emperor was Yongle. What were his policies in the theme of POLITICS?
He started civil service examinations to combat bureaucratic corruption.
He rebuilt canals, bridges, & irrigation destroyed by the Mongols.
He sent a large fleet of ships led by Admiral Zheng He to the Indian Ocean.
He had scholars do an 11 volume encylopedia of classical Chinese learning.
63
Below is a scene from the 30 year's war after the Reformation. This war involved fights between
Sunni vs. Shia
Protestants vs. Catholics
Philosophes vs. Absolute Monarchs
Hindus vs. Muslims
64
In Istanbul, Turkey. Mosque for SUNNI Islam. Built for Sultan Süleyman. Also a MAUSOLEUM for tombs of Sultans.
Safavid Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
65
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of trading posts between the
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
66
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
67
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
68
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
69
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
70
Which is the correct order of classes in the casta system? (from top to bottom)
Creole, Mestizo, Peninsulare, Negro, Indio
Peninsulare, Mesitzo,Creole, Negro, Indio
Indio, Creole, Peninsulare, Negro, Mestizo
Peninsulare, Creole,Mestizo,Indio, Negro
71
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
72
What is a TRUE social cause of Latin American 'Castas'?
European men married Native or African women, creating mixed families
Women increasingly asserting their desire for suffrage.
Whole families fled religious violence in Europe to create settler colonies
The Spanish crown wanted to give equal rights to Natives and Africans.
73
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the Indian Ocean?
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
74
SLAVES forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
75
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
caravels using lateen sails.
silver-backed currencies.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
colonies in the Americas.
76
The 'pilgrims' started a wave of British settler colonies in the Americas. What were they looking for?
They were looking to spread Catholicism.
They were Protestants looking to flee religious violence.
The were looking for gold.
They were looking for a passage to Asia.
77
The expansion of empires led to conflict with each other. What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought?
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
78
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
79
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the SILVER they were mining in
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
80
Below is an image of a follower of "Taki Onqoy". What would he have believed?
It was his duty to convert to Protestantism
It was his duty to fight attempts to convert him
It was his duty to convert to Catholicism
81
What was a SECURITY reason for the expansion of the Russian Empire to the south and east?
It wanted to spread Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
It wanted to take advantage of the rich trade in fur.
It wanted to control sea trade in the Indian ocean.
It wanted to stop pastoralist and Muslim expansion.
82
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Economic powers
Technological powers
Social powers
Cultural religious powers
83
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Indentured Servitude
Chattel Slavery
Encomienda System
Mit'a
84
Compared to other land-based empires, Japanese expansion between 1450-1750 relied MOSTLY on__________
Spreading their culture to foreign lands.
Emigration and overseas economic trade.
The imposition of their feudal system on others.
Direct military conflict with foreign empires.
85
"The Cossacks" of the Russian Empire would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
86
East Asia. Took power from Ming who took over after Yuan. Confucianism. Security motivated their move into Central Asia.
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
87
All of the following are true of the British E.I.C. and the Dutch V.O.C. between 1450-1750 EXCEPT:
The E.I.C. conquered the Mughals, but the V.O.C. lost Southeast Asian wars.
The E.I.C. focused on cotton trade while the V.O.C. focused on spice trade.
V.O.C. "fluyts" carried more cargo making them more profitable than E.I.C.
Both companies were a mixture of state & private investments.
88
Increasingly, many are protesting AGAINST Columbus Day in the USA because they argue that...
C'mon, it's a day off work. What's the problem?
Columbus lied, enslaved & killed natives, & his "discovery" was a theft.
Columbus was a great example of Italian (Latin) migration to the U.S. of A.
Columbus was a brave Christian who diffused Western Civilization.
89
These two images provide evidence that after the Spanish conquest of Mesoamerica...
Mayans preserved & blended their culture into Christianity.
Spanish settlers were able to totally convert all Mayans.
The Mayan religion was identical to European Christianity.
Mayans remained totally isolated from Spanish conquest.
90
Qing Dynasty defeated Ming Dynasty. What new military tech. helped them MOST both in that war and against pastoralists?
Infantry with shields and swords
Horse saddles & stirrups
Bows and arrows
Gunpowder, guns, & cannons

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