What advantage does urea provide as a nitrogenous excretion product when compared with ammonia?

Urea is less toxic than ammonia

In what way does the heart of a human (Tetrapoda) differ from the heart of a shark (Chondrichthyes)?

Unlike the shark, the human has a heart that receives oxygenated blood

Bonus Attenborough: Why is it unusual that the alimentary canal in the non-primate animal shown here lacks a cecum?

The cecum usually hosts bacteria to aid in digesting cellulose

What is a feature of an animal that is an osmoconformer?

Has an internal salt concentration that is the same as the environment

Which statement best describes the way that a sponge (phylum Porifera) converts food into nutrients for assimilation?

Food vacuoles in cells fuse with lysosomes containing hydrolytic enzymes

What is the primary function of a circulatory system?

To link exchange surfaces with cells throughout the body

What is an advantage of asexual reproduction compared with sexual reproduction?

Asexually reproducing population sizes can increase far more rapidly

Which organism is a small bilaterian that uses diffusion across the body wall as the most important mode of respiration?

Planarian (phylum Platyhelminthes)

Which mode of defence against pathogens (e.g. bacteria, fungi and viruses) is only found in vertebrate animals?

Lymphocytes and immunoglobulins (i.e. antibodies)

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199103 Tutorial 3(ii)

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199103 Animals and the Environment Module 3 Lectures 13 to 14 Quiz 2

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Answers

1
What advantage does urea provide as a nitrogenous excretion product when compared with ammonia?
Urea can be produced only by marine organisms
Urea requires less energy to produce than ammonia
Urea is less toxic than ammonia
Urea eliminates less nitrogen per unit of water compared with ammonia
2
What structures in insects are outpocketings of the digestive tract for removing nitrogenous wastes from haemolymph?
Malpighian tubules
Protonephridia
Kidneys
Metanephridia
3
In what way does the heart of a human (Tetrapoda) differ from the heart of a shark (Chondrichthyes)?
Unlike the human, the shark has a heart that maintains high blood pressure
Unlike the shark, the human has a heart with a ventricle
Unlike the shark, the human has a heart that receives oxygenated blood
Unlike the human, the shark heart holds oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
4
Bonus Attenborough: Why is it unusual that the alimentary canal in the non-primate animal shown here lacks a cecum?
The cecum usually hosts bacteria to aid in digesting cellulose
The cecum usually holds chewed plants that have not been digested
The cecum usually filters waste products out of blood
The cecum usually regulates sugar levels and secretes hormones
5
What is a feature of an animal that is an osmoconformer?
Capable of living on land and in the ocean
Capable of living on land and in fresh water
Has an internal salt concentration that is the same as the environment
Excretes dilute urine to lose water gained through osmosis
6
Which statement best describes the way that a sponge (phylum Porifera) converts food into nutrients for assimilation?
Food vacuoles in cells fuse with lysosomes containing hydrolytic enzymes
Food particles are broken down outside of cells and nutrients are absorbed
Digested food molecules are carried in blood around the body
Undigested material is eliminated out of the digestive system
7
What type of tissue covers the outside of the body and lines organs and cavities within the body?
Epithelial
Muscle
Connective
Nervous
8
What is the primary function of a circulatory system?
To move molecules between neighbouring cells
To improve rates of diffusion across the alimentary canal
To increase the contact area with the external environment.
To link exchange surfaces with cells throughout the body
9
What is an advantage of asexual reproduction compared with sexual reproduction?
Asexually reproducing populations are less susceptible to pathogens
Asexually reproducing populations are well adapted to environmental change
Asexually reproducing population sizes can increase far more rapidly
Asexually reproducing populations have offspring with more varied genotypes
10
Which organism is a small bilaterian that uses diffusion across the body wall as the most important mode of respiration?
Planarian (phylum Platyhelminthes)
Amebocyte (phylum Porifera)
Sea squirt (phylum Chordata)
Hydra (phylum Cnidaria)
11
Which mode of defence against pathogens (e.g. bacteria, fungi and viruses) is only found in vertebrate animals?
Natural killer cells and phagocytic cells
Lymphocytes and immunoglobulins (i.e. antibodies)
Antimicrobial proteins and the inflammatory response
Mucous membranes and secretions

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