JCHS Biology Semester 2 Final Review

Genes contain instructions for assembling

What did Rosalind Franklin contribute to the effort to identify the structure of DNA?

Human females produce egg cells that have

Which of the following pairs of genotypes result in the same phenotype?

The genetic drift that follows colonization of a new habitat by a small group of individuals is

Compared to a polygenic trait, a single-gene trait tends to have

People of Charles Darwin’s time understood that fossils were

The Punnett square in Figure 11–3 shows that the gene for pea shape and the gene for pea color

In humans, the pelvis & femur are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis & femur shown are

What stores information in a cell?

How many nucleotides are needed to specify three amino acids?

What is formed at the end of meiosis?

An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction

Shaded symbols = affected people. Male = ⧠; women = O. An X chrom sex-linked. What is circle 1?

Rabbits have 4 different versions of the coat color gene. What pattern of inheritance is this?

Variation in human skin color is an example of

Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms?

How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?

When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated?

The genes carried by all members of a particular population make up the population’s

17–1 shows increasing beak size for a birds. When 1 end of a bell curve shows high fitness it's

Sex-linked genes are located on

What is produced during transcription?

In which cells is the accurate transmission of information most important?

The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called

The different forms of a gene are called

Which molecules are involved in protein synthesis?

Which of the following statements defines the members of a species?

The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the symbol

One difference between a gene mutation and a chromosomal mutation is that

Which of the following is true?

That Darwin’s Galápagos finches have similar characteristics supports the hypothesis that they

Early on, all cells in the embryo are identical. Later, they will become specialized through

Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of

Each of the following is a condition necessary for natural selection to occur EXCEPT

According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals that tend to survive have

A change in the genetic material of a cell is called a

Using Figure 13–2, what kind of amino acid does the codon CAG form?

Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?

Sexual reproduction contributes to genetic diversity by allowing

In Figure 14–1, what is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female?

Which statement about evolution in the Galápagos finches is true?

The principle of common descent helps explain why

Molecular evidence in support of natural selection includes

Which scientist(s) figured out that the shape of a DNA molecule is a double helix?

In both prokaryotes & eukaryotes, how many copies of the chromosome are left after replication?

Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their

All of the following are problems that growth causes for cells EXCEPT

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

Figure 12–4 is the % of bases in a DNA sample. How much Cytosine should find in the sample?

The Galápagos finch species are an excellent example of

In Figure 11–1, which of the following is true about the offspring resulting from the cross?

Why are stem cells important?

Darwin noticed that many organisms seemed well suited to

During which phase in the cell cycle does mitosis happen?

If an organism’s diploid number is 24, its haploid number is

Which RNA brings information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell?

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be

Human males have

Cell division is represented in Figure 10–3 by the letter

Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because the allele for colorblindness is

A factor that is necessary for the formation of a new species is

Gametes are produced by the process of

During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTACCT produces a strand with the bases

Genetic drift tends to occur in populations that

The structures labeled B in Figure 10–5 are called

Gregor Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to

The Human Genome Project is an attempt to

Which nucleotide in Figure 13–1 indicates the nucleic acid above is RNA?

The hypothesis that all species are descended from common ancestors was proposed by

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, DNA replication happens

When a dairy farmer breeds cows that give the most milk, the farmers are using the principle of

In eukaryotes, DNA

Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?

In Figure 13–3, which amino acid is specified by the mRNA code AAA?