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Final Review
Final Review
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1
The Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus demonstrates a change from earlier Roman relief sculpture in its
repetition of important characters to create a scrolling narrative
attention to classical proportions to shape idealized figures
use of shallow relief to highlight abstract, geometric forms
rejection of perspective to create a crowded scene of chaos
2
The artist who created the Scenes from the Apocalypse chose imagery that was intended to elicit the following responses?
Strong appreciation of the reigning monarchs and their divine right to rule
A renewed devotion to the family because of the scenes of domestic life
Deeper understanding of the relevance to the era in which viewers lived
A feeling of connection to biblical events through the inclusion of saints
3
One reason that the artist used a variety of patterned shapes and collage elements was to
emphasize the handmade quality of the work
recall specific imagery from traditional folklore
camouflage the figure so it would blend into the background
move toward an art of pure abstraction
4
Caravaggio’s Calling of Saint Matthew was influential on later painters primarily because of his use of
linear perspective, which creates an illusion of spatial depth
household objects as theological symbols
Biblical narratives retold with the figures in contemporary dress
tenebrism, which is the dramatic use of light and shadow
5
The Bayeux Tapestry depicts which of the following historical events?
The Spanish conquest
The Battle of Issus
The Siege of Belgrade
The Norman Conquest
6
The Tomb of the Terracotta Warriors from the first Qin emperor of China has more than 8,000 soldiers who are
Alike to show their uniformity in protecting the emperor
From every social class, gender, and age in China
Subtly different to show their ethnic diversity of China
Unpainted to contrast with the colorful image of the emperor
7
Scholars believe that the vessel was most likely used in a ritual context for which of the following reasons?
It was deposited in a sacred well associated with a fertility goddess.
It was found in the ruins of an ancestral shrine.
It was buried in a cemetery, underneath an artificial mound.
It was discovered inside a cave, alongside votive figurines
8
In order to support the immense weight of the Pantheon's dome, Roman imperial architects used
pendentives curved triangular vaults located between the dome
corbeling by arranging the dome's stone blocks in circular cantilevered
a thick-walled rotunda on which the coffered dome rests
eight massive piers to distribute the weight of the dome evenly
9
A similarity between Jean-Michel Basquiat’s Horn Players and Faith Ringgold’s Dancing at the Louvre is that both works
use traditional craft techniques
include text elements
include vivid brushstrokes
refer to religious narratives
10
A visible influence of Surrealism on Diego Rivera’s Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in the Alameda Park is the mural’s
setting in an urban public space
combination of disparate images
references to Mexican folklore
inclusion of historical figures
11
To help the viewer distinguish between the different scenes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, Michelangelo used
a painted illusionistic architectural framework separating the scenes
hierarchical scale to emphasize the most important figures
continuous narration within each scene to clarify the series of events
detailed depiction of a distinctly different landscape setting for each
12
In its naturalistic pose, the seated boxer is most similar to which of the following works?
Victory adjusting her sandal
The kneeling statue of Hatshepsut
The Peplos Kore from the Acropolis
The Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)
13
For a person standing outside of the Great Mosque of Isfahan, the dominant visual element of the mosque is
an open-air courtyard with a large fountain rising from the middle
pair of cylindrical minarets that indicate the direction of Islamic prayer
a monumental gate that is ornamented with calligraphy from the Qur’an
the pathway through a chahar bagh garden that leads to the mosque
14
The sculptural work shown can be attributed to Classical Greece because of its
propagandistic content using concrete
idealized depiction of the figures within an architectural setting
use of veristic portraiture to heighten the emotion of the scene
the sensual portrayal of female deities using wet drapery
15
The work shown can be identified as a Roman wall painting because of which of the following visual characteristics?
A sense of depth created by placing the figures in an architectural space
inclusion of hierarchical scale to show relative importance of the figures
A sense of motion achieved through dramatic foreshortening
The use of composite pose to represent multiple views of the same subject
16
Some art historians have interpreted Botticelli’s Birth of Venus as reflecting the artist’s interest in the following?
Scientific advancements that were achieved during the Renaissance
The use of classical mythology to attract new converts to Catholicism
Neoplatonic ideals suggest divine love can be understood through beauty
The Florentine government’s relationship with powerful mercantile families
17
Which of the work’s elements contributes most to the illusion of spatial depth in the image?
The fishing boats, because of the way they echo the shape of the wave
The top of the wave, because of its placement at the top of the composition
The mountain, because of its small size in relation to the other objects
The blue color, because of its contrast with the other, more neutral colors
18
A common scholarly interpretation of Nam June Paik’s work Electronic Superhighway is that the United States
should promote books to combat too much television consumption
is united more by electronic mass media than by roads
is in the habit of using antiquated technology
cannot reconcile cultural differences between states
19
The Apollo 11 stones may have functioned as
a foundation stone for a religious structure
a grave marker for a successful hunter
part of a more complex cycle of cave painting
an early form of portable art
20
The structure shown can best be described as
a hypostyle hall
an axial temple
an intihuatana stone
a step pyramid
21
Emily Kame Kngwarreye’s monumental painting Earth’s Creation includes visual elements such as
a structured composition
dripping blocks of paint
finely rendered lines
dense gestural marks
22
The creator of Tutankhamun’s innermost coffin depicted the pharaoh holding the crook and flail most likely to
facilitate Tut's smooth passage across the Nile into the realm of the dead
assert Tutankhamun's power and authority beyond the earthly realm
emphasize Tutankhamun's military success and past victories in battle
symbolize Tut's pious devotion and deference to the gods of the afterlife
23
The work shown can be attributed as
an ink painting from China
a woodblock print from Japan
a manuscript folio from Persia
a miniature painting from India
24
In considering the archeological records some scholars have suggested that the SerpentMound is related to
the fertility of the earth and crop growth
a desire to create a physical boundary between tribal groups
burial practices among the Mississippian people
a pathway to be followed during initiation rites
25
The female (Pwo) mask demonstrates continuity within the Chokwe artistic tradition through its
use of animated components, controlled by hidden cords
full-figured facial characteristics and helmet shape
depiction of the ideal, graceful, and wise woman
inclusion of vibrant beadwork and geometric figures
26
Francesco Borromini shaped San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane using complex geometrical arrangements in part to
accommodate the liturgical requirements of the Jesuit order
symbolize the triumph of papal authority over Protestant heresy
provide viewers with a spiritual vision of the divine
eliminate the need for pendentives in the construction of the dome
27
In Lying with the Wolf, Kiki Smith reinterprets a well-known narrative by including visual references to
popular television characters
lyrics from traditional songs
a fairy tale
biblical parables
28
Which of the following statements accurately describes Mutu’s Preying Mantra and Cindy Sherman's Untitled (#228) ?
Both works use design & content to question traditional cultural assumption
Both works comment on the impact of European culture on colonized cultures
Both works have an aesthetic philosophy that values form over content.
Both works incorporate autobiographical references to elicit empathy
29
At the Great Mosque of Córdoba, architectural expansion was used by the Umayyads to
render relics more accessible to pilgrims
reinforce the power and grandeur of their rule
promote the adoption of an Abbasid style of architecture
celebrate their defeat of invading Visigoths
30
Sculptural reliefs at Angkor Wat depicting the Churning of the Ocean of Milk suggest that the patron may have
intended to intimidate his audience by depicting acts of violence
aimed to produce a large number of heirs for posterity
desired to become godlike by achieving immortality
sought to gain enlightenment through meditative practices
31
San Ildefonso Pueblo artists Maria Martínez and Julian Martínez created their black-on-black ceramic vessel by
throwing on a potter’s wheel
pinching clay to achieve thin walls
slip casting in a mold
hand building with a coil technique
32
The bamiyan Buddhas were destroyed in 2001 in an act of
isocephalism
impluvium
iconoclasm
iconography
33
Which of the following is a Buddhist tradition that is embodied in the design of the Borobudur Temple?
Glorifying human love as an embodiment of divine union
Circumambulating the temple as a parallel to a devotee's spiritual journey
Venerating a reliquary statue of the Buddha in a shrine below the stupa
Dressing a statue of the Buddha in splendid garments
34
In the work shown, Warhol’s use of a silkscreen technique emphasizes superficiality and a sense of detachment by
achieving perfect reproduction
elevating the medium
creating more volume
flattening the image
35
The Umayyad architects of the Great Mosque of Córdoba borrowed from the city’s Roman architectural heritage by
using coffers in the ceiling construction
incorporating columns from older structures
incorporating narrative relief carvings
using a dome to create a central open space
36
The form of the Tlatilco female figurine best expresses a concept of duality through the
inclusion of two connected heads on a single body
naturalistic portrayal of human anatomy
balance conveyed by long, outstretched arms with open hands
asymmetrical arrangement of the two halves of the body
37
Claes Oldenburg intended his monumental sculpture of Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks at Yale primarily as
a protest against the commercialization of modern art
a political statement against the Vietnam War
a celebration of the modern beauty industry
an endorsement of the role of women in the military
38
The object shown can be attributed to the Luba culture because of its use as a
pendant to display one’s ancestral lineage
mnemonic device in retelling oral legends
record of one’s achievements in warfare
gift for young men who are coming of age
39
Bundu masks of the Mende peoples play an important role in
the consecration of shrines
celebrations of the harvest
coronation ceremonies for kings
initiation rituals for girls
40
Which of the following cultures produced this sarcophagus?
Egyptian
Roman
Etruscan
Greek
41
The portrait of Sin Sukju, created in the 15th century, reflects the impact of Confucianism on Korean traditions
with its focus on connecting to powerful spirits in the natural world
with its emphasis on the Way and yin and yang, the balance of opposites
with its emphasis on duty, loyalty, respect, and ancestor worship
with its focus on compassion, self-awareness, and enlightenment
42
The anthropomorphic stele found near Ha’il, Saudi Arabia, is believed to have functioned as a
royal portrait, because it was found in the audience hall of a palace
pice container, because it was found near a trade route
votive offering, because it was found in an ancient temple
grave marker, because it was found in a funerary context
43
The work shown can be attributed to the Yoruba sculptor Olowe of Ise because of its
symmetry, unpainted surface, and superiority of male over female figures
naturalistic proportions, rare and expensive materials, and glossy finish
strict frontality, small facial features, and deity shown on horseback
elongated forms, dynamic use of negative space, and architectural function
44
In his architectural designs Thomas Jefferson chose a style that was inspired by ancient Roman architecture, because he
believed that Roman architecture was most suitable for American geography
wanted to show that culture in America was well rooted
believed that this style expressed the values of the new American Republic
wanted to emulate the architectural style that was predominant in Britain
45
The importance of the item is alluded to in the
purple color which symbolized royalty
rich material used to create it
depiction of royal family members and their entourage
use of lions and peacocks as royal symbols
46
In the Inka tunic shown, visual unity is achieved through
the alternation of selected shapes and colors
an avoidance of human or animal shapes
a ratio in its measurements of three to one
patterns of Inka writing and numbers
47
The nganga drives a nail or pointed object into a Nkisi n'kondi figure in order to
activate the spiritual power inside the figure
record and remember the history of the Luba people
protect the sacred relics of ancestors
initiate young girls into the Sande Society
48
The relief of Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters was most likely originally displayed
in the inner sanctum of a temple, accessible only to priests
as a wall decoration in the audience hall of a palace
in a household shrine used for private worship
above the main entrance gate to a royal citadel
49
This mask of a young woman can be attributed to the
Chokwe peoples
Mende peoples
Yoruba peoples
Baule peoples
50
Theotokos & Child between Saints Theodore & George exemplifies early Byzantine conventions through the use of
a flattened perspective in composition with spatial ambiguity
a frontal composition with individualized facial features drawn from life
strong, direct shadows that emphasize anatomical naturalism
illusionistic architecture that is included in the background
51
How has the Great Mosque at Cordoba been altered by Christians after the reconquest of Spain?
the interior arches were taken down to make a vast unified space
the Mihrab was destroyed and an altar was placed in its stead
the building was turned into a church and then back into a mosque again.
the interior was reroofed using European vaulting techniques
52
For greater stability, the Inka builders of the Walls at Saqsa Waman used
unevenly wrought stones stacked and joined using mortar
irregularly sized stones fitted together without any mortar
an inner core of rubble, a layer of stone, and a brick facing
uniformly shaped stones connected with mortise and tenon
53
The use of horns in the Ikenga (shrine figure) shown alludes to
a hereditary title granted by ancestors
a spiritual affiliation with male deities
the aggressive strength of the head
the specific occupation of the subject
54
The choice of a gold-leaf covering for the Golden Stool of the Ashanti people was most probably motivated by
pride in the amount of gold available
gratitude for the stool’s protection
a desire to celebrate the king’s power
veneration of the stool as a sacred object
55
The statue of Augustus of Prima Porta is most similar to which of the following works?
Winged Victory of Samothrace, because of its heroic scale and dynamic lines
Anavysos Kouros, because of its Archaic smile and idealized nude male form
The statue of Apollo from the Temple of Minerva due to its energetic stride
Doryphoros Spear Bearer because of its idealized proportions & contrapposto
56
The formal qualities of Ernst Ludwig Kirchner’s Self-Portrait as a Soldier demonstrate the influence of
Cubist reduction of compositions to geometric elements
photography’s ability to capture fleeting moments
the Fauves’ use of bold colors for emotional impact
Post-Impressionist emphasis on patterning
57
In The Results of the First Five-Year Plan, Varvara Stepanova used photomontage to express the Constructivist belief in
serving the ideals of the new society
renouncing propaganda for the good of the state
offering a critique of totalitarian leadership
challenging the principles of democratic government
58
The Ardabil Carpet’s rich, decorative patterning reflects the influence of Islam on Persian artistic tradition by
including embroidery that features gold-wrapped threads
excluding figural representations of animals or humans
incorporating calligraphic passages from the Qur’an
dividing motifs evenly into four horizontal design registers
59
At the time it was painted, Rachel Ruysch’s Fruit and Insects would have been displayed in a
merchant’s house
monastery’s refectory
church’s side chapel
market’s food hall
60
Shirin Neshat's Rebellious Silence, from the Women of Allah series, demonstrates the use of
hierarchic scale
symmetrical balance
chiaroscuro
aerial perspective
61
Due to its short, hatched brushstrokes & dark lines that create a flattened space, the painting can be described as
Post-Impressionist
Neoclassical
Fauvist
Symbolist
62
The early Christian church Santa Sabina was modeled on the general plan of an ancient Roman basilica in part because the
domed entryway invited a comparison with the mysteries of the heavens
clerestory windows admitted glowing light a practical & spiritual function
vaulted low ceiling created an intimate space that encouraged worship
classical friezes emphasized the importance of the building
63
Käthe Kollwitz most probably chose woodcut as the medium for her Memorial Sheet for Karl Liebknecht because woodcuts
can be printed more quickly than prints made with other processes
allow for strong contrast and clear expressive shapes
are more similar to drawings than are prints made with other processes
provide the possibility of using subtle gradations of tone
64
In The Steerage, Alfred Stieglitz placed a primary focus on formal composition with the intent of
using photography as a reference for oil painting
promoting the teaching of photography in art academies
advocating his political views on class inequalities
elevating photography to the level of fine art
65
In painting The Bay, Helen Frankenthaler stained the canvas with fields of color in order to
express her current emotional state as a type of visual diary
critique the commercialized nature of the contemporary art world
Robert use abstraction as a means to express deeper spiritual truths
explore the pure qualities of color as a subject in its own right
66
In the Middle Ages, Chartres Cathedral drew many visitors, primarily because it
displayed a tapestry of Bishop Odo that told the narrative of famous events
was built on the site where an important biblical event occurred
housed an important relic of the Virgin Mary in its crypt
was the place where medieval French kings were buried
67
The Audience Hall (apadana) at Persepolis reveals the vastness of the Persian Empire by
including artistic styles & materials from the different cultures
situated on a hill amid temples representing patron deities of the regions
including mythical creatures representing the four corners of the empire
situated on a raised platform w/ different level dedicated to each region
68
In the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Maya Lin intended the monument’s form to represent
the valor of the service members who sacrificed their lives
the first letter of the English word “war”
the desire of the United States for a victory over North Vietnam
a deep wound that will heal over time
69
Ornamentation on the surfaces of Islamic religious architecture often includes
mythological characters
historical scenes
calligraphic panels
figures of religious leaders
70
The designers of the terra cotta warriors solved the challenge of creating a project on such a vast scale by
hiring many foreign artists familiar with diverse sculptural traditions
shaping varied sculptures from clay with the help of interchangeable molds
creating large numbers of identical sculptures through lost wax casting
incorporating sculptures from other sites conquered by the emperor
71
Apollodorus of Damascus included which of the following components in his overall design for the Forum of Trajan?
A circular temple forecourt
An adjacent multilevel public market
A sculptural program that included obelisks
An amphitheater across from the central courtyard
72
Ai Weiwei’s choice of material creates a link to much earlier Chinese works such as
the David Vases
the terra cotta Warriors
White and Red Plum Blossoms
Night Attack on the Sanjô Palace
73
The figure’s frontal and upright pose serves to enhance its
use in rituals to display garlands of flowers
function to intimidate and punish wrongdoers
presence as an alert and watchful guardian
purpose in encouraging meditative practice
74
The transformation mask is recognizable as a work created by Kwakwaka’wakw of the northwest coast of Canada because
combinations of human & animal forms with fiber & feathers on turtle shell
zigzag lines & vegetal patterns filled w/ brightly colored glass beads
asymmetrical arrangement of red & yellow feathers secured to fiber net
bilateral symmetry & ovoid shapes with undulating outlines painted on wood
75
The work shown above can be attributed to the artistic tradition of
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
76
Both Shiva as Lord of Dance (Nataraja) and Donatello’s David depict idealized figures who are each
standing triumphantly atop a fallen figure
displaying sacred power through physical strength
lifting a sword to destroy their enemies
posed in a contrapposto position
77
Unlike traditional war memorials, Auguste Rodin’s The Burghers of Calais represents a group portrait that
depicts both famous and anonymous townspeople
includes men of equal height who have no clear leader
shows soldiers’ physical wounds in explicit detail
focuses on a single, central heroic figure