AP World History Ultimate 200! 101-200

Enlightenment ideas such as individualism, natural rights, and social contract developed

Textile production in India and Egypt declined due to industrialization in Europe

World Cup soccer and the Olympics reflected a globalized society

United States and Soviet Union emerged as superpowers after WWII

Vietnam gained independence through armed struggle

Rulers and merchants use joint-stock companies to finance exploration

Buildup of the military-industrial complex

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade began

Chinese and Indian indentured servitude

Proxy wars such as Korean War

Establishment of maroon societies in the Caribbean and Brazil

Communist revolution in Russia

Abolition of slavery in Europe and the Americas

Indian National Congress resisted British imperialism

Spread of global feminism

“Second Industrial Revolution” used steel, chemicals, electricity, and precision machinery

Right to vote and hold public office granted to women in the United States

Protestant Reformation created a new branch of Christianity

Decrease in diseases associated with poverty, such as malaria and tuberculosis

Mughal empire

India negotiated independence from British empire

WWI caused by militarism, flawed alliances, imperialist competition, and nationalism

Holocaust

New transportation technologies, such as air travel and shipping containers

American, Haitian, and Latin American independence movements

Syncretic religions like vodun created

World Trade Organization created to promote economic growth and stability

Trade in Cahokia in North America flourished

Soviet Union fell bc of US military development, failure in Afghanistan, and public discontent

Nazi Germany practiced fascism, totalitarianism, and militarism

Camel saddle and caravans encouraged trade along the trans-Saharan trade network

Colonial economies in the Americas depended on agriculture

Ottoman empire and Qing empires attempted but failed to industrialize

Trade in items like opium and cotton gave European/American businesses an advantage

Mexica (Aztecs) practiced human sacrifice

Muslim rule expanded due to military expansion, merchant activity, missionaries, and Sufis

French “Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen”

Cold War

Muhammad Ali’s development of the cotton textile industry in Egypt

Karl Marx developed communism

Mercantilism practiced by most European states

Transfer of Greco-Islamic medical knowledge to western Europe

Incan m’ita system

Growth of multinational corporations, such as Nestle and Nissan

Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo wrote about travels around Afro-Eurasia

Industrialization spread from NW Europe to other parts of Europe, the US, Russia, and Japan

Literacy increased due to increased government funding for the arts from tax money

Chinese maritime activity led by Ming Admiral Zheng He

Tusti genocide in Rwanda

Growth of Mali in West Africa

Europeans established settler colonies, such as the British in New Zealand

European states, such as the Portuguese, sponsored transoceanic maritime exploration

Global brands such as Coca-Cola reflected a globalized society

More effective forms of birth control gave women greater control over fertility

Workers organized into labor unions to improve conditions and wages

Columbian Exchange connected the Eastern and Western Hemispheres

Safavid empire fought Mughal empire for land in Afghanistan

Communist revolution in China

Songhai empire’s conflict with Morocco

Seneca Falls Conference organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott

Release of greenhouse gases contributed to climate change

City-states along the Swahili Coast grew due to Indian Ocean trade

Increase in diseases associated with longevity, such as heart disease and Alzheimer’s disease

New energy technologies, such as petroleum and nuclear power

Green Revolution increased agricultural output

Serfdom in Western Europe

Slave resistance, such as Nat Turner’s Rebellion

Indentured servitude began in the Americas

Portuguese constructed a trading-post empire

English, French, and Dutch governments sponsored exploration to find sailing route to Asia

Simon Bolivar’s “Letter from Jamaica”

Diasporic communities, such as Arabs in E. Africa and Chinese merchants in S.E. Asia, developed

Fear of nuclear proliferation

Gunpowder and paper first diffused from China

Soviet Union controlled the economy through the Five Year Plans and repressive policies

Bubonic plague spread along the Silk Road

American foods like corn and potatoes became staple crops in Afro-Eurasia

Development of internal combustion engine

Euro states established new maritime empires (Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, French, and British)

Adam Smith’s theories of laissez-faire capitalism and free markets developed

New rice varieties, such as champa rice, spread to East Asia

Muslim League in British India challenged colonial rule

Industrial production and manufacturing economies in Vietnam and Mexico

The West dominated global political order at beginning of the period

Chinese government controlled the economy through the Great Leap Forward

Communist revolution for Vietnamese independence

Manchu elites rule Qing China

Women and children in working class families worked in factories

Sokoto caliphate established in West Africa

Cash crops such as cotton and tobacco grown on plantations with coerced labor

Cossack revolts in Russia

Kingdom of the Kongo grew due to participation in trading networks

US Civil Rights Movement

Transfer of scholarship in math, literature, and medicine from the Muslim caliphates to Euro.

Algeria gained independence through armed struggle

Decentralized monarchies, feudalism, and the manorial system in Western Europe

Peasant and artisan labor intensified, such as in China’s silk and India’s cotton industries

New medical innovations, such as vaccines and antibiotics

Rapid urbanization caused by industrialization led to pollution and insufficient infrastructure

New military alliances, such as NATO and Warsaw Pact