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Patterns of Inheritance Disorders
Flashcards
67 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
A karyotype showing 3 copies of chromosome #21 and the 23rd paid is XY is a
a male with Turner Syndrome
a female with Turner Syndrome
male with Down Syndrome
a female with Down Syndrome
2
On a pedigree, a fully shaded circle represents
a male carrier
an affected male
a female carrier
an affected female
3
A disorder that is caused by a mutation affecting chromosomes 1-22 is known as
inheritance
polygenic
sex-linked
autosomal
4
Marfans Syndrome is
sex-linked recessive
autosomal dominant
autosomal recessive
sex-linked dominant
5
How does a male differ CHROMOSOMALLY from a female?
Males are XX, Females are XY
Males are XY, Females XX
6
How many chromosomes does a chromosomally normal human have?
45
48
46
47
7
What is the Chromosome Theory of Inheritance?
Genes are carried from parents to offspring on chromosomes
Genes are inherited at random
Genes are not inherited
Genes have no effect on traits
8
Human height and skin color are inherited by
polygenic inheritance
single gene, multiple alleles
single gene, 2 alleles
genes and environment
9
Hemophilia is
autosomal recessive
sex-linked recessive
sex-linked dominant
autosomal dominant
10
A genetic disorder caused by a missing, extra or messed up chromosome is known as
a genetic mutation
a chromosomal abnormality
11
A structure that carries genes is called
molecules
alleles
traits
chromosome
12
Which of the following shows heterozygous alleles?
aa
all of the above
AA
Aa
13
Different forms of a gene are called
allele
chromosomes
genes
traits
14
What results occurred when Mendels F1 generation crossed?
all tall plants
all short plants
medium height plants
3/4 tall, 1/4 short
15
A genetic disorder that is carried at one location on one chromosome is known as a
chromosomal abnormality
gene mutation
16
Who is the father of genetics?
Anton Van Leeuwehnoek
Gregor Mendel
Robert Hooke
Walter Sutton
17
How are genes arranged on chromosomes?
like beads on a string in random order
like beads on a string - always in the same order
at random
18
How are genes and traits related?
they are not related
traits code for genes
genes code for traits
19
A gene carried on the sex chromosome is called
sex-linked chromosome
sex-linked gene
sex-linked allele
polygenic
20
When setting up Punnett Squares, I should put
female on top, male on left
female under square, male on right
female on right, male under square
females on left, male on top
21
A chart that shows all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross is called
probability
pedigree
Punnett Square
karyotype
22
Which of the following shows homozygous alleles?
AA
aa
Aa
all of the above
23
A genetic disorder in which a person produces excessive amounts of thick mucus is called
Marfan's Syndrome
Cystic Fibrosis
Sickle Cell
Fragile X
24
Autosomal disorders can affect
females more than males
males and females equally
males more than females
25
Growing very tall and potentially having heart issues is a result of a genetic disorder called
Marfan's Syndrome
Sickle Cell
Cystic Fibrosis
Fragile X
26
A karyotype showing 45 chromosomes with a missing X is called:
a male with Down Syndrome
a male with Turner Syndrome
a female with Turner Syndrome
a female with Down Syndrome
27
An organisms physical appearance (represented by words) is known as its
genes
genotype
alleles
phenotype
28
Sex-linked genes are carried on
any chromosome
only the X or Y
only the 23rd pair
only the first 1-22
29
A dad who is NOT color blind and a mom who is a carrier of color blindness can have
NO color blind children
only color blind daughters
only some color blind sons
all color blind children
30
Why are there way less color blind women than men?
Females have a second X to protect them
Females have SUPER powers
Males generally have bad eyesight
Males are WEAK!
31
Fragile X syndrome is
autosomal dominant
sex-linked dominant
autosomal recessive
sex-linked recessive
32
A disorder carried on the X chromosome resulting in a range of inherited learning disabiilties
Cystic Fibrosis
Fragile X
Sickle Cell
Marfan's Syndrome
33
Who came up with the Chromosome theory of inheritance?
Gregor Mendel
Robert Hooke
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Walter Sutton
34
An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes is called
a genetic disorder
a virus
a bacteria
all of the above
35
When traits skip generations on a pedigree, the inheritance must be
dominant
random
recessive
36
A parent with blood type AB can have a child with?
A, B, AB or O
A or B
AB only
A, B or AB
37
How could a female child inherit a sex-linked disorder?
Both parents have to be carriers
Both parents must have the disorder
Both parents have to pass along the trait
It is random
38
Both alleles will be observed in a phenotype when present describes which inheritance pattern?
dominance
incomplete dominance
codominance
recessive
39
During meiosis,
diploid sex cells are produced
haploid sex cells are produced
haploid body cells are produced
diploid body cells are produced
40
A family has 3 sons. What is the probability of their fourth child to be a boy?
25%
0%
50%
100%
41
On a pedigree, you see a male carrier - what is the inheritance pattern?
sex-linked recessive
autosomal dominant
sex-linked dominant
autosomal recessive
42
A mom with hetero A and a dad with hetero B can have a child with
only AB
A, B, AB or O
only A or B
A, AB or B
43
A number that describes how likely an event will occur is known as
reality
accuracy
probabilty
efficiency
44
Who can be a carrier of a sex-linked disorder?
only males
both males and females
no one
only females
45
How many blood types are there?
4
1
2
3
46
Two same alleles are known as
purebred
homozygous
heterozygous
hybrid
47
How are chromosomes homologous?
They always carry the same alleles
They carry the same genes in the same order
all of the above
they are identical
48
Two parents with blood type A can have a child with?
A only
A or B
A or O
A, AB or O
49
A trait that shows only if the dominant is NOT present
dominant
purebred
recessive
hybrid
50
Which gender is more susceptible to sex-linked disorders and why?
Females b/c they are dominant
Females b/c they have 2 X's
Males b/c they are dominant
Males b/c they only have one X
51
What is the Law of Independence of Events?
important genetics laws
the results of one DO affect the next
the results of one do not affect the next
how likely an event will occur
52
On a pedigree, a half shaded square indicates
an affected female
an affected male
a male carrier
a female carrier
53
What did Mendel find when he crossed purebred pea plants?
3/4 tall, 1/4 short
all tall
all short
medium height plants
54
Two different alleles are described as
hybrid
purebred
homozygous
heterozygous
55
Two letters that show an organisms genetic makeup is known as its
alleles
genotype
physical appearance
phenotype
56
Sickle Cell disease is
autosomal dominant
sex-linked recessive
autosomal recessive
autosomal co-dominant
57
What organism did Mendel use to record his data on inheritance?
roses
petunias
pea plants
guinea pigs
58
A disorder causing females to be short along with other physical development issues is known as
Down Syndrome
Cystic Fibrosis
Fragile X
Turner Syndrome
59
What organism did Sutton study to determine that sex cells are haploid?
grasshoppers
crickets
bumblebees
butterflies
60
Cystic Fibrosis is
sex-linked recessive
autosomal recessive
sex-linked dominant
autosomal dominant
61
A homozygous black guinea pig mates with a white guinea pig - what color offspring results?
only white
only black
black and white polka-dotted
some black, some white
62
An example of a sex-linked gene is
hemophilia
color-blindness
fragile X
cystic fibrosis
63
A color blind father and a mom who is NOT a carrier of color-blindness can have
all daughters who are carriers
color blind sons only
color blind daughters only
NO color blind children
64
A blend of two parents' alleles is a result of which inheritance pattern?
dominance
recessive
codominance
incomplete dominance
65
Widows peaks and dimples are examples of traits that are inherited by
single gene, 2 alleles
single gene, multiple alleles
genes and environment
polygenic inheritance
66
Blood type is an example of a trait that is inherited by
single gene, multiple alleles
genes and environment
single gene, 2 alleles
polygenic inheritance
67
A trait that always shows up when present
purebred
hybrid
dominant
recessive
