What is the function of a router in a network?

To direct data packets between networks

A program that prevents unauthorized access

What is two-factor authentication?

Requiring two forms of identity

What is the purpose of the TCP/IP model?

To define how data is transmitted

What is the main benefit of decomposition in problem-solving?

It makes problems more manageable

Why do computers use binary?

Computers only recognize on/off states

How does a mesh topology improve reliability?

By having multiple pathways for data

A network in a small geographical area

What is the key difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

A compiler translates code all at once

What does ASCII stand for?

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

What is pattern recognition in computational thinking?

Identifying similarities in problems

What does a firewall do?

Filters incoming and outgoing traffic

What does sample rate in digital audio determine?

The number of samples per second

How are bitmap images stored in binary?

As a list of pixels with color values

Why is hexadecimal used in computing?

It is easier for humans to read

What is a MAC address?

A unique identifier for network devices

What is one way malware can infect a system?

Clicking on unknown email links

What is the purpose of disk defragmentation?

Rearranging files for faster access

What is penetration testing?

Analyzing networks for vulnerabilities

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Answers

1
What is the function of a router in a network?
To direct data packets between networks
To store internet history
To manage user accounts
To act as a firewall
2
What does DNS stand for?
Direct Network Service
Domain Name System
Dynamic Naming System
Data Network System
3
What is a firewall?
A type of malware
A type of encryption
A backup system
A program that prevents unauthorized access
4
What is latency in a network?
The delay in data transmission
The bandwidth of a network
The speed of a processor
The encryption level
5
Convert the denary number 13 to 8-bit binary.
11110000
11001100
11000
1101
6
What is two-factor authentication?
Using two passwords
A type of virus
Requiring two forms of identity
Encrypting data twice
7
What is the purpose of the TCP/IP model?
To manage passwords
To create software applications
To design network cables
To define how data is transmitted
8
What is the main benefit of decomposition in problem-solving?
It removes all errors
It increases processing speed
It reduces the need for programming
It makes problems more manageable
9
Why do computers use binary?
It reduces storage space
It improves internet speed
It is easier for humans to understand
Computers only recognize on/off states
10
What is one way to prevent brute force attacks?
Using strong passwords
Restarting the computer
Disabling firewalls
Sending emails
11
How does a mesh topology improve reliability?
By having multiple pathways for data
By using a single connection
By encrypting all data
By reducing internet speed
12
What determines image resolution?
The file size
The number of colors
Number of pixels
Type of monitor
13
What is a common concern with AI and robotics?
Accountability for decisions
Lower cost of devices
More stable internet
Improved software efficiency
14
What is one ethical concern with collecting personal data?
More accurate ads
Faster loading speeds
Improved gaming experiences
Privacy invasion
15
What happens to electronic waste when not disposed of correctly?
It turns into compost
It disappears on its own
It is recycled safely
It contributes to pollution
16
What does a flowchart symbol with a diamond represent?
Connector
Process
Decision
Input/Output
17
What is the purpose of software patents?
To increase computer speed
To slow down software development
To make software free
To protect software innovation
18
What is a LAN?
A network covering a large area
A network used for gaming
A network in a small geographical area
A network that only uses wireless
19
What is the key difference between a compiler and an interpreter?
An interpreter runs code faster
A compiler requires a network
A compiler translates code all at once
An interpreter generates machine code
20
What does ASCII stand for?
Advanced System Code for Internet Communication
Assigned System for Computer Instructions
Automated Software for Character Input
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
21
What does the NOT logical operator do?
Inverts the input
Returns the same value
Only works with 3 inputs
Outputs true if both inputs are false
22
What is the purpose of access control in network security?
To restrict user access
To slow down network traffic
To reduce latency
To increase bandwidth
23
What component is responsible for rendering graphics in a computer?
Motherboard
CPU
GPU
RAM
24
How many values can a 4-bit binary pattern represent?
64
8
32
16
25
What is an advantage of proprietary software?
Free to modify
More secure updates
Works only on one type of computer
Cannot be hacked
26
Which type of storage is best for long-term archival data?
RAM
Magnetic tape
Cache memory
Solid-state drive (SSD)
27
How do hackers exploit technical vulnerabilities?
By installing antivirus
By following cybersecurity policies
By using outdated software
By avoiding the internet
28
What type of network connects multiple LANs over a large area?
WAN
LAN
MAN
PAN
29
What is pattern recognition in computational thinking?
Writing repetitive code
Using a switch statement
Sorting data in order
Identifying similarities in problems
30
What does evaluating an algorithm’s efficiency help with?
Slowing down execution
Making programs harder to read
Optimizing resource usage
Increasing syntax errors
31
Which protocol is used for sending emails?
FTP
TCP
IMAP
SMTP
32
What does a firewall do?
Increases network latency
Measures bandwidth usage
Filters incoming and outgoing traffic
Stores encryption keys
33
How many bits are in a byte?
16
4
8
32
34
Why are computers connected in a network?
To increase storage space
To share resources
To slow down processing
To reduce data security
35
What data structure stores multiple values in an ordered list?
Boolean
Array
String
Record
36
Which of these is an environmental issue associated with digital devices?
Faster internet speeds
Improved software updates
Increased energy consumption
Lower carbon emissions
37
Which is an example of intellectual property protection?
Copyright
Ignoring patents
Deleting backups
File sharing
38
Which operating system function manages running applications?
Process management
Network security
File management
User management
39
What does sample rate in digital audio determine?
The number of samples per second
The number of bits per sample
The size of the sound file
The pitch of the audio
40
How does backup software help in system maintenance?
Improves CPU performance
Deletes old files
Creates copies of data
Speeds up internet connectivity
41
How are bitmap images stored in binary?
As a 3D object
As a list of pixels with color values
As a compressed text file
As a single numerical value
42
How many bits are in a byte?
4
32
16
8
43
What is the purpose of an operating system?
Connecting to the internet
Managing hardware and software
Increasing CPU clock speed
Running only security updates
44
Why is hexadecimal used in computing?
It takes up less memory
It executes faster
It replaces binary
It is easier for humans to read
45
What is a MAC address?
A memory storage unit
A unique identifier for network devices
A type of binary code
A hardware security protocol
46
What is one way malware can infect a system?
Encrypting data
Updating software regularly
Using strong passwords
Clicking on unknown email links
47
What is the purpose of disk defragmentation?
Encrypting stored data
Repairing corrupt files
Rearranging files for faster access
Compressing files
48
What is penetration testing?
Slowing down a network
Increasing bandwidth
Encrypting data
Analyzing networks for vulnerabilities
49
What unit is used to measure data storage?
Hertz
Decibel
Joule
Bit
50
What does an IP address identify?
A network topology
The speed of a network
A specific device on a network
The physical connection type
51
What is the role of a router?
Encrypt traffic
Store data
Block websites
Forward data between networks
52
What does GDPR stand for?
Global Data Policy Rules
General Digital Privacy Rights
Government Data Protection Registry
General Data Protection Regulation
53
What does a trace table help with in an algorithm?
Hiding program logic
Reducing memory usage
Tracking variable values
Increasing program speed
54
How many rows does a truth table with three inputs have?
6
4
12
8
55
What is one way to protect digital systems from cyberattacks?
Disabling firewalls
Never updating software
Using encryption
Sharing passwords with friends
56
What is social engineering in cybersecurity?
Using antivirus software
Setting up firewalls
Manipulating people to give up information
Encrypting all passwords
57
Which network topology has a central switch?
Bus
Star
Ring
Mesh
58
What does abstraction help with in computing?
Slowing down the CPU
Removing errors
Hiding unnecessary details
Reducing memory usage
59
How does the manufacturing of digital devices impact the environment?
Has no impact
Requires mining of rare materials
Improves air quality
Reduces global warming
60
Which operator is used to find the remainder of a division?
*
** (exponentiation)
% (modulus)
/
61
How can users give consent for their data to be collected?
By clicking 'Accept' in agreements
By ignoring privacy policies
By using any website
By disabling cookies
62
What is open-source software?
Software that is closed to the public
Software that can’t be changed
Software that costs money
Software that is freely available and modifiable
63
What is one way to reduce the environmental impact of digital devices?
Using devices for a longer time
Only using free software
Buying new devices frequently
Never using a computer
64
Why is frequent device replacement a problem?
It increases employment
It increases e-waste
It speeds up internet
It makes people happier
65
What type of error occurs when a program runs but produces incorrect results?
Logic error
Syntax error
Memory leak
Runtime error
66
Which loop type runs until a specific condition is false?
Infinite loop
Count-controlled loop
Sequential loop
Condition-controlled loop
67
What is the role of the CPU in a computer?
Connects to the internet
Executes instructions
Stores files
Runs software updates
68
What is a risk of artificial intelligence in decision-making?
Increased internet access
Algorithmic bias
Lower electricity usage
Faster processing speeds
69
What happens when a binary sum exceeds the number of available bits?
The result overflows
Nothing
It converts to hexadecimal
The value is rounded down
70
What number system does binary use?
Base 10
Base 16
Base 2
Base 8
71
What is the advantage of using compression on files?
It reduces file size
It prevents hacking
It increases processing speed
It makes files open faster
72
What is an example of selection in an algorithm?
A for loop
An IF statement
A variable declaration
A function call
73
What does the address bus do in a computer system?
Controls network connections
Carries the memory address
Transfers data between devices
Encrypts data
74
Which of the following is the smallest unit of data storage?
Kilobyte
Byte
Mebibyte
Nibble
75
What is two’s complement used for?
Compressing data
Encoding characters
Storing negative numbers
Increasing processing speed
76
What is a character set?
A set of characters a computer can understand
A type of sorting algorithm
A networking protocol
A list of programming commands
77
What is the main function of RAM?
Encrypt data
Store programs currently in use
Provide permanent storage
Manage input devices
78
What does ASCII stand for?
Automated System for Character Input
Advanced System Coding for Internet Innovation
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
Assigned System for Coding Instructions
79
Which language type is closest to machine code?
Low-level language
High-level language
Scripting language
Markup language
80
How does a bubble sort algorithm work?
Repeatedly swapping adjacent elements
Dividing data into halves and merging
Using recursion to sort lists
Searching through data sequentially
81
What is the difference between lossy and lossless compression?
Both remove the same amount of data
Lossy compression is only for images
Lossy removes data, lossless retains all data
Lossless removes data, lossy retains all data
82
How many possible values can 4 bits represent?
8
16
64
32
83
What is decomposition in computational thinking?
Using a loop
Breaking down a problem into smaller parts
Writing code
Sorting data
84
How is network speed measured?
Kilograms
Megahertz
Milliseconds
Bits per second
85
Why are subprograms useful in programming?
They slow down execution
They increase hardware costs
They make code reusable
They are only used in AI
86
What is the role of the control unit in the CPU?
Manages RAM
Performs calculations
Stores program data
Controls the execution of instructions
87
Which storage type uses a spinning disk to store data?
Optical disc
Solid-state drive (SSD)
Magnetic hard drive
Flash memory
88
Why are high-level programming languages easier to use?
They use human-readable syntax
They work only on one type of hardware
They execute faster than machine code
They have fewer errors
89
What does the AND logical operator return?
False if both inputs are true
True if both inputs are true
True if either input is true
False if either input is false
90
Which protocol is used for secure web browsing?
HTTP
FTP
HTTPS
SMTP
91
What is the purpose of an IP address?
Identify a device on a network
Store web pages
Speed up a network
Encrypt data
92
What is a packet in networking?
A type of encryption method
A software bug
A user access control system
A small chunk of data sent across a network
93
What is abstraction in computing?
Removing unnecessary details
Adding complexity
Making a program run faster
Writing code
94
What is phishing?
A type of firewall
A cyber-attack where users are tricked into giving information
A network protocol
A file compression method
95
What is a code review?
A network monitoring tool
A backup method for source code
A way to document software updates
A process to improve software security
96
What is an embedded system?
A server running multiple programs
A computer that only runs games
A computer built into another device
A cloud-based computer
97
What is an algorithm?
A computer program
A programming language
A specific way to structure data
A set of instructions to solve a problem
98
What is one ethical issue in computing?
Low power consumption
Software updates
Computer speed
Digital divide
99
What is the main difference between a linear and a binary search?
Linear search always takes longer
Binary search is faster on sorted data
Binary search works on all lists
Linear search requires sorted data
100
Which component is responsible for arithmetic operations in the CPU?
Control unit
Registers
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Cache memory

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