Final Exam Review

The primary motives for European expansion were “God, glory, and gold.”

How did the French Academy differ from the English Royal Society?

According to Montesquieu, there were three basic types of governments: republican, monarchical, and

Supporters of polygenesis believed that

Which uprising in France nearly overthrew Louis XIV early in his reign?

What was Diderot's most famous contribution to the Enlightenment's battle against religious fanaticism and intolerance?

Which second-century Greek physician provided the major model for medicine in the late medieval period?

The Sephardic Jews were expelled from ____ in the fifteenth century.

Bach and Handel perfected the ____ musical style.

Edwin Chadwick championed universal suffrage for all adult males.

German territorial losses in the Treaty of Versailles included Alsace and Lorraine and sections of Prussia.

Which of these factors contributed to the decline of the Ming dynasty?

Louis XIV described himself as the _____ King.

What was the most immediate cause of the French Revolution?

Mozart wrote his first opera at age

Which statement best describes the French philosophes?

By the turn of the eighteenth century, more and more people were finding it hard to believe in witchcraft.

Denis Diderot was an ardent Christian.

Who were the first to be expelled from Japan by Tokugawa Ieyasu?

In the early 18th century, new methods of smelting ____ were devised using coke that was made by slowly burning coal.

According to Bacon, science should begin with

Who established the first textile factory using water-powered spinning machines in Rhode Island in 1790?

Working-class British children in the 19th c. were treated well by their employers and paid sufficient wages to ensure

Which group comprised the First Estate in France?

What was the West Indies’ most important export?

What was Antoine Lavoisier's scientific accomplishment?

Mary Wollstonecraft is viewed by many as the founder of European feminism.

The witchcraft hysteria primarily targeted young, married women.

The Thirty Years' War has often been called the "last of the religious wars."

What was the encomienda?

What existed at the center of the heliocentric conception of the universe?

Which Chinese dynasty replaced the Ming in the seventeenth century and came from Manchuria?

Where was the first successful permanent English settlement in North America located?

Most French salons were run by

Who was Edwin Chadwick?

The Scientific Revolution rapidly overthrew traditional authority.

Which sea captain made the first direct voyage from Europe to India?

The Third Estate was composed of all of the following EXCEPT

When Moctezuma first encountered the Spanish, he believed they were

Where on the European continent did industrialization begin first?

High culture in eighteenth-century Europe was characterized by the

Napoleon's greatest victory was over the Russians and the Austrians in 1805 at the Battle of Trafalgar.

By 1750, the population of British North America had reached about 1.5 million.

The Thirty Years’ War began when _____ in Bohemia rebelled against Habsburg authority.

At what time was Carnival celebrated?

The Committee of Public Safety's campaign of Terror was directed exclusively against the Catholic clergy and aristocracy

Governments took considerable control over their economies during the war.

What was the only European country with a declining population in the nineteenth century?

Louis XIV advertised himself as the Sun King.

The 18th c. agricultural revolution in Britain reduced the cost of food, giving the British extra capital

The First Estate was made up of the French nobility.

Many of the exhibits shown in Britain's Great Exhibition were housed in Parliament, to show Britain's dominance

The great scientists of the 17th century, such as Galileo, Kepler, and Newton, tried to undermine religion?

By 1870, most of the world had begun to industrialize according to the models in western Europe and the United States.

In 1492, knowledgeable Europeans knew that the world was round.

What disease caused jaundice, nose and eye bleeding, hallucinations, and hemorrhagic fever?

During the Middle Passage,

Who was the Italian merchant whose tales of the court of Kublai Khan were popular in medieval Europe?

Newton believed that God did was not present in the physical universe.

The German High Command supported Lenin in his attempts to sow chaos in Russia in early 1917.

Maria Winkelmann was best known for her work on human anatomy.

Rococo artists celebrated majesty, power, and movement.

The Habsburg emperor was

Which country became dominant in Europe following the Thirty Years' War?

Mazarin tried to carry on the policies of

The United States entered the war on the side of the Allies in 1915.

The very first European scientific society was founded in London.

The author of Observations upon Experimental Philosophy and Grounds of Natural Philosophy was...

Rococo art emphasized

It was not until the 1770s that sentiment in Europe began to build against the slave trade.

____ religion and growing secularization were important factors in the emergence of the Enlightenment.

Why did Hernan Cortés choose Malinche to be his guide throughout Mexico?

Galileo played a key role in spreading awareness of the heliocentric model of the solar system.

The Thirty Years' War hit Germany hardest.

Most French philosophes came from the lower orders of society.

Robert Boyle conducted important research into the nature of gases.

Except in _, judicial torture remained an important tool of European criminal-justice systems in the eighteenth century.

Descartes asserted that he would accept only those things that the Bible said were true.

William Harvey performed unethical dissections such as vivisections.

Absolutism means that...

French military leaders refused to let African soldiers fight on the western front.

What is the main idea of deism?

Napoleon Bonaparte was born in ____ in 1769.

At the outset of the war, the United States

What is an accurate characterization of the reign of Louis XIV?

The National Convention was dominated by lawyers, professionals, and property owners.

John Locke influenced the 18th century Enlightenment through his theory of knowledge and his concept of the tabula rasa.

What group emerged as the most important radical element in French politics at the beginning of the French Revolution?

Despite his place in the history of modern science, Isaac Newton remained interested in aspects of the occult world.

Under the American system, the use of ____ helped reduce costs and increase production.

France became "a nation in arms," making the French armies a significant piece in the development of modern nationalism.

How did Louis XVI respond to the formation of the National Assembly?

How did Louis XIV use his palace at Versailles?

Margaret Cavendish was the first woman to join the Royal Society of Science

As a result of the Peace of Westphalia of 1648