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midterm 1; history 121
What was karma?
What was the concept of Brahman?
midterm 1; history 121
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ancient mesopotamia to ancient china
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1
What was the concept of Brahman?
meditation
reincarnation
"One True Reality," perfection, and transcended the physical world
the individual soul
2
What was karma?
determined how/where the Atman was reborn (based on good/bad deeds)
cycle of reincarnation
liberation from the physical world
discipline by denying yourself pleasures
3
The Pyramid at Giza is one of the "7 Wonders of the Ancient World."
False
True
4
Why was Ramses II significant?
he built the Pyramid at Giza
he was the god of the afterlife
he made Egypt monotheistic
he massively expanded Egypt
5
What were Ensi?
another name for the emperor in Ancient China
king-priests in Ancient Mesopotamia
enlightened beings from Buddhism
the rulers in Ancient Egypt
6
Which is NOT a characteristic of Yin?
female
cold
passive
bright
7
What were Upanishads?
people would lead a Greek polis
the creators of Buddhism
wise men who would share teachings, expand on what was already taught
another name for Pharaohs from Egypt
8
Who was the founder of Confucianism?
Kong Fuzi
Laozi
Han Feizi
Siddartha Guatama
9
Siddartha sat under a tree called Bodh Gaya where he contemplated the nature of suffering and experienced enlightenment.
False
True
10
What was the Atman?
cycle of reincarnation
an individual soul
the physical body
a state of perfection
11
What person did Buddhism start with?
Homer
Siddartha Guatama
Confucius
Laozi
12
Qin created a system of common weights and measures to facilitate trade across the territory & built a series of walls.
True
False
13
The Hebrews were nomads/nomadic.
False
True
14
Where was the capital of the New Kingdom (1560-1087) in Egypt?
Nile
Siwa
Thebes
Memphis
15
Why did Siddartha Guatama practice ascetism (denying oneself)?
he was lonely
he wanted to talk to the gods
he wanted to find solace after he witnessed multiple kinds of suffering
he never did this
16
Ancient China had a matriarchic authority.
True
False
17
Mesopotamia was between what two rivers?
Aegean & Tiber
Tigris & Euphrates
Yellow & Yangtze
Nile & Indus
18
Who was the first emperor of China?
Kublai Khan
Hongwu
Qin Shihuangdi
Wu Zhao
19
What does Veda mean?
"king"
"the river"
"wisdom, knowledge"
"social order"
20
The Noble Eightfold Path is a key part of the Four Noble Truths.
True
False
21
What was Moksha?
sacred texts
group of farmers
Atman is totally liberated/free from physical world; state of perfection
cycle of reincarnation
22
Who were the Shudras and what body part did they represent?
priests, mouth
kings/warriors, arms
artisans/merchants/farmers, thighs
laborers/servants, feet
23
With Confucianism, who would be the leaders in a ideal society?
Junzi
Buddha
Rajas
Upanishads
24
How did Ancient Mesopotamia and the Hebrews differ concerning religion?
Mesopotamia was polytheistic & Hebrews were monotheistic
No difference, they both worshipped Yahweh
No difference, they both worshipped multiple gods
Mesopotamia was monotheistic and Hebrews were polytheistic
25
Which is NOT a characteristic of Yang?
male
hot
weak
active
26
Which one is NOT a reason synoecism might happen?
to share resources
for security
the worship of a common deity
overpopulation
27
What was hieroglyphics?
the form of writing in Ancient Egypt
the language of the Hebrews
the form of writing in Ancient Mesopotamia
the writing of Ancient Greece
28
"Junzi" were known as superior persons in terms of virtue.
False
True
29
In Confucianism, there was no need for education
True
False
30
What is Xiao?
sense of propriety, understanding hierarchy/place in society
attitude of kindness & benevolence; helping others
filial piety; respect elders
worshipping the gods
31
Every year at the same time, the Nile would overflow the banks and then recede back, leaving behind very fertile soil.
True
False
32
Who was the founder of Daoism?
Laozi
Siddartha Guatama
Han Feizi
Kong Fuzi
33
The Qin Dynasty rose to power by building a massive army and conquering nearby regions.
True
False
34
What is the meaning of synoecism?
having a democratic government
an invasion of an outside people
a flooding of the sea
a coming together of households/tribes to live as a community
35
How did the Aryans invade the Indus Civilizations?
gradually, the came in tribes and conquered the town, it took years
quickly with the use of a huge army
36
Ancient Egyptians believed the ruling pharaoh was a human/physical manifestation of Horus.
False
True
37
Why was Akhenaten controversial?
he had all the pyramids torn down
he had over 100 children
he declared Osiris was the only god that should be worshipped
he declared Aten was the only god and outlawed the worship of other dieties
38
Who killed and cut Osiris up into pieces?
Anubis
his wife, Isis
his brother, Set
his son, Horus
39
The Valley of Kings was a series of above ground pyramids.
True
False
40
Who was Horus the son of?
Isis & Set
Anubis & Ma'at
Akhenaten & Nefertiti
Osiris & Isis
41
Upper Egypt is located in the north of Egypt.
True
False
42
What is a polis?
a divine being
a city-state
a series of wooden poles
43
In Mahayana ("greater vehicle"), it's believed that more people can experience Nirvana & that Buddha is a divine being.
False
True
44
What varna did Siddartha Guatama come from?
Shudra
Kshatriya
Brahmin
Vaishya
45
Greek colonization spread Greek culture all over the Mediterranean.
True
False
46
What is lex talionis?
the sanctity of marriage
law of vengeance/retribution
act of honoring the parents
emphasis on the importance of priests
47
Who was Akhenaten's wife/queen?
Nefertiti
Cleopatra
Isis
Hatshepsut
48
What was Samsara?
mystic texts
reincarnation, cycle of life and death of the Atman
state of perfection
the individual soul
49
What is the largest and longest collection of Veda?
Rig Veda
Analects
Log Veda
Book of the Dead
50
What are stupas?
pretty fountains found in Greek city-states
shrines/holy sites usually dedicated to Siddartha
steep mountains
multi-purpose structures in Mesopotamia
51
What is Qi?
act of getting revenge
cosmic energy, life force
enlightenment
the experience of suffering
52
What was cuniform?
earliest form of writing in Ancient Mesopotamia
the language of Ancient Greece
Ancient Chinese style of writing
a varna/caste group
53
Which direction does the Nile River flow?
south to north
north to south
east to west
west to east
54
Where was the capital of the Old Kingdom (2700-2200) in Egypt?
Alexandria
Siwa
Memphis
Thebes
55
In Ancient China, they held the belief that the soul transported from the departed body into a...
bodhisattvas
soul tablet
shabtis
veda
56
Athens had a strong navy, largely due to their use of triremes.
False
True
57
During the Period of the Warring States, every region was at complete peace with each other.
False
True
58
Qin established his base of operations/capital at Changan.
False
True
59
The two branches of Buddhism are Hinayana and Mahayana.
True
False
60
A goal of Daoism was to achieve Wuwei-disengagement from the world
True
False
61
What is the most famous Coffin Text?
"How to Reach the Afterlife"
"The Death of Ramses II"
"The Book of the Dead"
"The Life of King Tut"
62
What was the purpose of the pyramids?
market place
marriage alters
place for religious gatherings
burial tombs for pharaohs
63
What dynasty is known for their use of bronze & for using oracle bones-the first example of Chinese writing ?
Han Dynasty
Qin Dynasty
Shang Dynasty
Ming Dynasty
64
What were jati?
form of currency
sub-varnas
mystics
hymns
65
What is Nirvana?
a shrine
enlightenment, release from samsara
lucid dreaming
experiencing severe suffering
66
What are Varnas?
the caste system in Ancient India
priests
sacred texts
forms of yoga
67
What are Boddhisattvas?
figures that hold the souls of the gods
where the souls of the dead go to
beings that aid pharaohs in the afterlife
beings who delay their withdraw from the world to help others reach Nirvana
68
Who were the Kshatriyas and what body part did they represent?
kings/warriors, arms
laborer/servants, feet
artisans/merchants/farmers, thighs
priests, mouth
69
What did the Hoplite Revolution do?
it forced people to serve in the military
it recognized women as eligible soldiers
it introduced a massive navy
it brought more participation into the political process
70
What were Shabtis?
little figures meant to provide for the pharaohs in the afterlife
little figures meant to help someone reach enlightenment
another name for priests
relics that held the spirits of the gods
71
Who were the Brahmins and what body part did they represent?
kings/warriors, arms
priests, mouth
farmers/artisans/merchants, thighs
laborers/servants, feet
72
King Tutankhamun returned the capital of Egypt to Thebes and brought back the worship of many gods.
True
False
73
Yin & Yang were two elements of Qi that acted as interacting/opposing/complementary forces.
True
False
74
How did Qin rule?
with socialism
with democracy
with an oligarchy
with legalism
75
What was a Raja?
a widowed women
a farmer
a servant
a warrior king
76
The physical world is the opposite of the Brahman.
False
True
77
Vedas were a combo of songs, prayers, stories, ect meant to explain the mythology & to make sense of the world.
True
False
78
Legalism had no use for individuality and emphasized strong state craft.
False
True
79
The Peloponnesian War was fought between which two city-states?
Thebes & Corinth
Sparta & Thebes
Athens & Corinth
Athens & Sparta
80
What were pharaohs?
Hebrew priests
leader of a Greek polis
kings of Ancient India
the kings of Ancient Egypt
81
Who were the Vaishyas and what body did they represent?
priests, mouth
laborer/servants, feet
artisans/merchants/farmers, thighs
kings/warriors, arms
82
What is Li?
sense of propriety, understanding hierarchy/place in society
filial piety; respect elders
attitude of kindness & benevolence; helping others
worshipping the gods
83
What was the law code for the Hebrews?
Analects
Law of Hammurabi
Four Noble Truths
Torah
84
Which one is NOT part of the Four Noble Truths?
The elimination of desire will eliminate suffering
All life is suffering
Desire is the cause of all suffering
Suffering comes from experiencing Nirvana
85
What is Ren?
worshipping the gods
filial piety; respect elders
sense of propriety, understanding hierarchy/place in society
attitude of kindness & benevolence; helping others
86
In which era were the pyramids built?
Middle Kingdom
Old Kingdom
New Kingdom
Predynastic/Dynastic Egypt
87
What is Deer Park?
where Siddartha first experienced Nirvana
a place to worship the gods
where Upanishads taught others
where Siddartha first began teaching others his experience
