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AP HUG Review
AP HUG Review
75 terms
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75 questions vocab from all units
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1
A cultural landscape best refers to:
Areas used for agriculture
Forested mountain areas
Human imprint on the physical environment
The type of soil in a region
2
Which term refers to the concentration of population and economic activity in a few large cities?
Suburbanization
Urban hierarchy
Urbanization
Urban primacy
3
Which of the following is true about the Mercator projection?
It is an equal-area projection
It distorts both size and shape of landmasses
It distorts areas near the equator but is accurate towards the poles
It distorts shapes, making areas closer to the poles appear larger
4
What is "cultural landscape"?
The cultural practices of a society
The economic activities of a region
The physical environment untouched by human activity
The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape
5
What does "carrying capacity" refer to?
The amount of resources a country exports
The number of people a country can support economically
The total area available for agriculture
The maximum population size an environment can sustain
6
What is a remittance?
A government tax on imported goods
A form of local currency used in developing countries
Money sent back home by migrants working in another country
A financial loan from the World Bank
7
Which term refers to the process by which a person or group's culture comes to resemble that of another group?
Acculturation
Transculturation
Assimilation
Cultural divergence
8
The Human Development Index (HDI) includes:
Number of cities and industries
GDP, literacy, and life expectancy
Agricultural output and arable land
Birth rate, death rate, and religion
9
Which of the following countries is considered part of the "Global North"?
Germany
India
Nigeria
Argentina
10
Sovereignty means a state has:
Equal resources
Full control over its internal affairs
A shared border
A ruler
11
Which of the following best describes "primary economic activities"?
Manufacturing goods from raw materials
Services that support other economic sectors
Research and development sectors focused on innovation
The extraction of natural resources like farming, mining, and fishing
12
Outsourcing involves:
Moving jobs to other countries
Producing everything domestically
Closing local factories
Hiring only local workers
13
Which of the following is a characteristic of a population pyramid with a wide base?
High birth rates
Aging population
High life expectancy
Low death rates
14
What does "ethnocentrism" mean?
The adoption of elements from another culture
The belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
The isolation of a culture from outside influences
The blending of different cultures
15
Which of the following is a characteristic of a "developed country"?
High levels of agricultural employment
A relatively low standard of living
High life expectancy and low infant mortality
A large percentage of the population involved in subsistence farming
16
Which theory suggests that core countries exploit peripheral ones for resources?
World Systems Theory
Least Cost Theory
Urban Realms Theory
Central Place Theory
17
Which of the following is an example of a pull factor in migration?
Political persecution
Job opportunities
War
Natural disasters
18
What is "urban sprawl"?
The expansion of urban areas into previously undeveloped land
The process of revitalizing inner-city neighborhoods
The development of new rural farming towns
The rapid growth of the rural population
19
Which term refers to a state's attempt to annex or control another territory based on cultural or historical ties?
Irredentism
Federalism
Imperialism
Colonialism
20
Shifting cultivation typically occurs in:
Arid regions
Tropical rainforest zones
Industrial cities
Mountainous tundra
21
What is "gentrification"?
The decentralization of industry from urban centers
The expansion of urban areas into rural regions
The establishment of new cities to accommodate growing populations
Wealthy people moving into a lower income area and displacing people
22
What is "site" in geographic terms?
The economic activities of a place
The physical characteristics of a place
The location of a place relative to other places
The cultural significance of a place
23
Which of the following is a modern example of a nation-state?
United Kingdom
Canada
Russia
Japan
24
What does "distance decay" refer to?
The physical decay of objects over distance
The cultural decay of societies over time
An increase in interaction the farther 2 places are from each other
A decrease in interaction the farther 2 places are from each other
25
What is "supranationalism"?
A system where national borders are completely erased
The creation of new states from existing ones
A system where states give up some sovereignty to a larger governing body
The process of nations working together to achieve common goals
26
Which of the following is a characteristic of intensive subsistence agriculture?
Large amounts of land are cultivated with little labor
Farmers use mechanized equipment for large-scale farming
High labor input and small land area
It is primarily practiced in developed countries
27
Which religion is considered a universalizing religion?
Judaism
Hinduism
Shinto
Christianity
28
Subsistence agriculture is defined as:
Farming with GMOs
Farming for export
Farming to meet personal or local needs
Mechanized farming
29
Who created least cost theory?
Immanuel Wallerstein
Ernest Burgess
Homer Hoyt
Alfred Weber
30
What is the "dependency ratio"?
The ratio of the working-age population to the total population
The ratio of the dependent population to the working-age population
The ratio of immigrants to emigrants
The ratio of urban to rural population
31
Which term refers to a boundary that is drawn before a cultural landscape is developed?
Relict boundary
Subsequent boundary
Antecedent boundary
Superimposed boundary
32
Which of the following is an example of "relocation diffusion"?
The spread of Buddhism across Asia
The spread of fashion trends via media
The spread of the English language due to British colonialism
People migrating from one place to another and bringing their culture
33
What is "cultural diffusion"?
The blending of two cultures into one
The spread of cultural beliefs from one group to another
The isolation of a culture from outside influences
The process by which a culture changes over time
34
What is a "sovereign state"?
A political unit with a defined territory and government
A region with its own government but not recognized internationally
A cultural region without political boundaries
An area controlled by a foreign power
35
Von Thünen’s model explains:
Industrial patterns
Religious expansion
Urban development
Agricultural land use relative to market
36
Which of the following is an example of a multinational state?
Iceland
North Korea
Canada
Japan
37
Which of the following is an example of a "primate city"?
Berlin
New York City
Shanghai
Chesapeake
38
Which of the following is a tertiary activity?
Mining
Farming
Retail services
Manufacturing
39
The rank-size rule suggests:
Cities are randomly sized
Cities decline in size predictably
The largest city has all the power
All cities are the same size
40
Gentrification usually results in:
Population decline
Decline of property values
Lower rents
Displacement of lower-income residents
41
What is deindustrialization?
The increase in agricultural jobs in rural areas
The movement of industries into developing countries
The process of shifting from manufacturing to service-based economies
The rapid growth of factories in urban regions
42
What is a megalopolis?
A rural area converted into suburbs
A group of cities that have grown together into one large urban area
A city-state that dominates a region
A city with a population over 10 million
43
What is "territoriality"?
The formation of political alliances between countries
The study of global interactions
The sense of ownership or control over a defined area
The political division of land
44
What does "gerrymandering" refer to?
The establishment of international borders
The division of a state into smaller administrative units
The process of drawing political boundaries to favor a particular party
The unification of multiple states into one
45
What is "outsourcing" in the context of globalization?
Encouraging local companies to employ foreign workers
Shifting the production of goods within national borders
Hiring workers from other countries to work in the home country
Giving company jobs to people in other countries to save money
46
GDP per capita measures:
Average income per person
Unemployment rate
The value of exports
Total money in the economy
47
Which of the following is an example of a perforated state?
South Africa
Chile
Russia
Indonesia
48
Gerrymandering is the process of:
Changing state names
Merging small towns into a city
Redrawing district lines to benefit one party
Encouraging migration into cities
49
Agribusiness refers to:
Farming using only manual labor
Integration of agriculture into large-scale business
The breaking of land into small plots
Private gardening
50
What is a "mental map"?
A map created from memory and personal experience of a person
A type of map that is scientifically accurate and objective
A map used in military operations
A map drawn by professional cartographers
51
The United Nations is an example of a:
Nation-state
City-state
Supranational organization
Breakaway region
52
What is "shifting cultivation"?
A form of agriculture where farmers clear land by cutting and burning it
The cultivation of crops in areas with high-tech irrigation systems
A system where farmers remain in one place and grow different crops
The practice of rotating crops in different fields to keep soil fertility
53
What does "scale" refer to on a map?
The level of detail shown in the map’s projection
The accuracy of the map's data
The size of the map compared to the actual area it represents
The number of features shown on the map
54
Which of the following best describes "agribusiness"?
The development of small-scale agricultural businesses in rural areas
Organic farming practices that limit the use of chemicals
Large-scale industrial farming that produces food for global markets
Small family-owned farms that produce food for local markets
55
Weber’s Least Cost Theory emphasizes minimizing:
Government regulation
Political conflict
Transportation, labor, and agglomeration costs
Urbanization levels
56
Which of the following is an example of a lingua franca?
Japanese
Icelandic
Swahili in East Africa
Mandarin Chinese
57
What does "gross domestic product" (GDP) measure?
The level of wealth distributed evenly across a nation
The total value of goods and services produced within a country
The total amount of money spent by a country on imports and exports
The amount of income a country spends on government projects
58
Which of the following is a consequence of desertification?
Decrease in industrial output
Loss of arable land
Increased biodiversity
Expanded urban green space
59
Which model shows a city in concentric circles?
Multiple Nuclei Model
Sector Model
Concentric Zone Model
Latin American Model
60
Which of the following is an example of a formal region?
The area served by a television station
A neighborhood in a city
The Midwest United States
The South where they ride horses to school
61
An edge city is typically found:
Along international borders
In mountainous terrain
On the outskirts of a major city
At the center of a rural area
62
What does "absolute location" refer to?
The cultural significance of a place
The general area where a place is situated
The exact coordinates of a place
The location of a place relative to another place
63
Which of the following is an example of a centrifugal force?
Shared language
Strong political unity
Ethnic divisions
Common religion
64
What is a language family?
Languages with similar grammar
A group of dialects spoken by one person
A collection of languages with a common ancient origin
A set of languages from one country
65
Which population pyramid shape is most associated with rapid population growth?
Triangular
Rectangular
Inverted
Hourglass
66
Which term refers to the spread of cultural elements from one society to another?
Transculturation
Assimilation
Acculturation
Diffusion
67
What is the primary goal of "sustainable agriculture"?
To increase crop yields as much as possible
To expand farmland into forests and wetlands
To use modern machinery for efficiency
To meet current agricultural needs without compromising future generations
68
What is the main characteristic of a "core-periphery" model?
Countries operate in an equal and balanced economic system
Wealthier, more developed countries dominate poorer, less developed regions
All regions of the world contribute equally to the global economy
The global economy is based on being the wealthiest
69
What is the "Green Revolution"?
The increase in agricultural production due to the use of new technologies
The transition from rural to urban lifestyles
A movement to preserve natural landscapes
The process of shifting from subsistence farming to commercial agriculture
70
A shatterbelt is:
A region that produces the most goods
An area of political instability between opposing cultural forces
A farming technique in Africa
A landform near tectonic activity
71
What was one major consequence of the Green Revolution?
Decrease in technology use
Less food security in Asia
Decline in food production
Increased use of chemical fertilizers
72
Which of the following is an example of a centripetal force in a country?
Religious conflict
Nationalism
Language differences
Economic inequality
73
Which of the following is an example of forced migration?
A refugee fleeing a war-torn country
A student transferring to a different school
A retiree moving to a warmer climate
A family moving for a new job opportunity
74
Urbanization refers to the:
Movement of people to cities
Spread of religion in cities
Creation of farming communities
Decline of rural populations
75
What is a "world city"?
A small, rural city with high-quality infrastructure
A city that is a popular tourist destination
A city with a large population and high-density housing
A city that has a dominant influence on global politics and economics
