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AP World History Final Exam Review
AP World History Final Exam Review
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1
Both the Protestant Reformation and the Enlightenment
Upheld church traditions
Relied on reason over faith
Questioned political authority
Lowered the status of women
2
Compared to the Spanish Empire, that of the Portuguese
Developed a more egalitarian society
Developed a better relationship with Indian inhabitants
Was less influenced by the Roman Catholic Church
Was more global in its extent
3
Muhammad
Made provisions for the future leadership of Islam
Established clear class distinctions for Islamic society
Built on the religious traditions of the Arabian Peninsula
4
As a result of hemispheric trade between 1450 and 1750
The work of African artisans found new markets
The entire globe was linked by numerous active trade routes
European wealth and commercial dominance increased
5
Industrial revolution in Great Britain
Followed a similar revolution in the US
Initiated an interest in global trade
Received little government support
Was facilitated because of the enclosure movement
6
Within Africa, the slave trade
Promoted unity amoung African kingdoms
Increased African dependence on European nations
Decreased the value of women slaves
Had little effect on central African kingdoms
7
Japan's greatest challenge to industrialize was
Competition between the government and the zaibatsu
Continued presense of the shogunate
It's geography
Lack of government cooperation
8
All of the following are true of communism after World War II EXCEPT that
European countries were subjected to Soviet occupation
It produced a division of Korea
It spread to largely agricultural regions
It created a pause in the civil war in China
9
The Five Pillars
Are inattentive to distinctions in social class
Are included in the Quran
Provide unity within Islam
10
Under Mongol rule in China
Chinese regional rulers were allowed to govern
Chinese educational traditions were maintained
Japan and Vietnam were brought under Mongol control
Chinese women were placed in a more subordinate position
11
Interactions between Muslims and Europeans during the 1600's are most commonly found in the
Indian Ocean
Pacific ocean
Atlantic ocean
Arctic Ocean
12
Inthe early years of industrial development
Spouses were given more opportunities to work together
Married woman had more opportunities for clerical jobs
British woman lost jobs in domestic manufacturing
Women in Japan emerged from traditional roles
13
Early societies of South America
Developed societies that had no knowledge of metals
Was challenged by geographic limitations
Traded widely with regions to their north
Built upon Mesoamerican cultural traditions
14
Economic imperialism
Didn't lead to direct political control over new territories
Led to industrialization of Latin America
Led to colonial dependence upon industrialized nations
Was the most common imperialist model in Africa
15
Earliest civilizations in both the Eastern and Western hemispheres were similar in
Their location at similar latitudes
Their technological knowledge
Their practice of polytheism
Their reliance on the flooding of major rivers
16
20th century intentions and accomplishments
Were sometimes detrimental to the quality of life
Did nothing to improve household chores
Popularized radio, especially in Europe
17
The Netherlands established commercial/colonial interests in all of the following areas EXCEPT
Southern Africa
Western Africa
North America
Japan
18
Results of cultural diffusion among early civilizations included
The cultivation of potatoes
Harappan sewage systems
The legend of Quetzalcoatl
The invention of the wheel
19
The European union
Originated with Great Britain
Established a currency used by all its members
Doesn't adjust tariffs outside the European community
Has the same basic purpose as NAFTA
20
The nation that saw a consistent rise in global influence during both world wars was
France
China
Germany
United States
21
New scientific and artistic expressions in the west in the 19th century
Relied on reason in literacy expression
Supported traditional beliefs
Created new frontiers in physics
22
The Indus Valley civilization
Relied heavily on communal planning
Is the best studied through it's written records
Declined after the arrival of Aryan invaders
Was isolated from other River Valley civilizations
23
When the Portuguese first became involved in the slave trade
They were on interested in Christianizing African peoples
They created the African slave trade
They were amazed at the poverty of African kingdoms
They were interested primarily in gold and spices
24
From the time of the Roman Republic to the Pax Romana
Roman civilization became increasingly weaker
Rome became increasingly democratic
The territory of Rome continued to expand
Roman citizenship became increasingly rare
25
The Protestant Reformation
Became the basis of Enlightenment thought
Diminished the achievements of the Commercial Revolution
Spread due to advances in Chinese and European technology
Strengthened the authority of the papacy
26
As a new faith, Islam gained strength
First in Mecca, then throughout the Arabian peninsula
Because of rules of succession
Within portions of the former Roman Empire
27
As a result of the Opium War
The importation of opium to China increased
Great Britain acquired Hong Kong
The Chinese silver supply was restored
The Qing dynasty over took to Ming
28
Common to most early industrial nations was the development of
Unions
Zaibatsu
Steel manufacturing
Railroads
29
Medieval Europe
Developed banking institutions from multicultural contacts
Extended to local schools found on the manor
Produced urban areas that rivaled those of European empires
Saw the rise of universities
30
Both Hinduism and Buddhism
Became increasingly popular in India
Supported the caste system
Revered women
None of the above
31
Hinduism
Offered no hope from members of lower castes
Gained little acceptance outside India
Was based on traditions of the Harappan civilization
Addressed the consequences of one's behavior
32
The Renaissance
What is a movement of uniquely Western origins
Represented a complete break from medieval traditions
Began in the Eastern Roman empire
Was a result of the crusades
33
African kingdoms in the period from 1450 to 1750
Featured monarchs ruled without advisers
Frequently enslaved their own people
Like the Chinese, weren't interested in European trade goods
Participated in slave trade before the arrival of Europeans
34
Buddhism
Was the adopted faith of Gupta rulers
Opposed Confucian ideals of patriarchal families
Changed to teach that common people could reach nirvana
35
By the 21st century, almost all women across the globe
Had been granted the right to vote
Were granted educational opportunities equal to men
Were allowed to serve in combat in the Armed Forces
Were freed from traditional home making roles
36
World trade during 1750 to 1914
Brought greater prosperity to Chinatown than to the west
Benefited western colonial powers
Decreased the economic power of the west
Strengthened Latin America's trade position
37
The declining years of Han China and the Roman empire shared all of the following EXCEPT
Epidemic disease
Poor harvests
Attack by powerful neighboring states
Unequal land distribution
38
The agricultural revolution
was an abrupt process beginning in 8000 BCE
began with an extensive pattern of cultural diffusion
Saw the use of agricultural methods that inspired migration
occurred about the same time throughout the world
39
Indian Ocean trade
Declined with the fall of classical empires
Failed to establish connections with land routes
Linked all areas of the Indian Ocean basin except Africa
Saw mariners use the geographic forces of the Indian Ocean
40
Industrialization in Egypt
Gave new freedoms to lower classes
Decreased Egypt's dependency on the west
Was accomplished without government support
Resulted from disharmony in the Muslim world
41
Japanese feudalism
Saw the beginnings of a centralized Japan
United peasants and elite classes
Revolve around the power of the samurai as warlords
Brought a temporary end to internal conflicts
42
The Neolithic age
Saw the beginnings of urbanization
Saw agriculture carried out without the use of metal tools
Produced societlies without class distinctions
Saw a decline in global populations
43
The English and French engaged in rivalries over territory in
East Africa
North Africa
Indonesia
China
44
The Egyptian civilization was similar to the Sumerian civilization in
Its extent to which its culture was diffused
Its system of social stratification
Its political structure
Its reliance on natural defense barriers
45
During the middle ages, the concept of limited government with the most clearly in
France
England
Germany
Italy
46
Daoism and Confucianism
Based their teachings on Chinese traditions
Agreed on the importance of education
Disagreed on the need for personal reflection
Taught that political involvement was essential to a society
47
Russia's role in the 20th- century global conflicts included all of the following EXCEPT
Participation in the formation of the League of Nations
An ethnic-based alliance with Serbia
Creating opportunities for postwar influence on Europe
48
Nationalism
Delayed the unification of both Italy and Germany
Eased tensions within Austrian Empire
Served as both a unifying and a divisive force
Brought tolerance for diversity within the Russian Empire
49
Aztec and Inca religions
Stressed a personal relationship with their gods
Reflected the agrarian nature of their respective societies
Placed women in a subordinate position
Restricted the worship of subject peoples
50
The impact of regional trade on global trade in the 20th century was especially noticeable
During the revolution in Chiapas, Mexico
On plantations during the imperialist age
Before and during the Great Depression
After the establishment of NAFTA
51
Confucianism and early Buddhism
Included a belief in nirvana
Became the dominant philosophy of their respective regions
Did not believe that their founders were gods
Emphasized the importance of effective government
52
The Mughal empire
Controlled the entire Indian subcontinent
Produced art and architecture that reflected syncretism
Failed to ease tensions between Hindus and Muslims in India
53
The Aztec and Inca civilizations differed most significantly in their
Social structure
Religious institutions
System of recordkeeping
Technological skill
54
Early urban dwellers
Saw the need for a government
Were offered few chances to carry out specialized tasks
Were dominated by people in agricultural settlements
Left the religious practices to agricultural peoples
55
Colonialism in India
Brought an end to tensions between Muslim and Hindus
Was facilitated by the breakup of the Mughal Empire
Decreased nationalist feelings among Indians
56
The Protestant and Catholic reformations were like in there
Views towards papal authority
Emphasis on education
Reliance on church councils
Abandonment of church traditions
57
The French Revolution of 1789 and the Chinese revolt of 1911 were alike in that
They weren't Nationalist independence movements
They were initiated by the lower classes
They ended immediately in a dictatorship
They failed to achieve their goals
58
The period of greatest population decline in Europe during the Middle Ages was
The 10th to 13th centuries
The 5th and 6th centuries
The 15th century
The 14th century
59
The natives of North America
Established tribute empires
Build empires on the scale of those of Mesoamerica
Used architectural designs similar to those of Mesoamerica
60
An example of Cold War brinkmanship is found in
The Arabian-Israeli War
The Cultural Revolution
The Iran-Iraq War
The Cuban Missle Crisis
61
The trans-Atlantic slave trade
carried the majority of slaves to North America
Increased after the establishment of sugar plantations
Carried more women than men
62
Which of the following was NOT true concerning the Green Revolution?
It reinforced class distinctions
It disseminated pollutants
It was an expensive solution to crop improvements
It was highly ineffective in increasing agricultural yeilds
63
The position of the Chinese scholar-gentry
Was mimicked by the Japanese
Declined during the Song Dynasty
Was admired by the Vietnamese
Weekend efforts to curb nomadic invasions
64
Compared to the trans-Atlantic slave trade, that of eastern Africa
Also involved the plantation system
Didn't involve central Africa
acquired slaves from coastal areas only
Involved only European nations
65
World War I was considered a global conflict because
It involved battles on every continent
Warring powers held colonies that participated in the war
It was fought in both European and Pacific theaters
66
Egyptian trade
Weakend after the opening of the Suez Canal
Was dependent on the exportation of a single crop
Improved as a result of Muhammad Ali's policies
Didn't suffer from competition with Europe
67
During the period of the late Roman empire, Christianity
Appealed primarily to elite classes
Became less organized as the empire fell
Experienced a change in its official status
Declined in numbers because of persecutions
68
All of the following Chinese traditions and achievements began under the Han dynasty EXCEPT
The civil service exam
Paper manufacture
Confucian philosophy
Expansion into central Asia
69
Both the Aztecs and Incas
Allowed women a significant role in public life
Were originally nomadic people
Built on the traditions of their predecessors
Integrated conquered peoples into their empire
70
The Ottoman empire
Reached its height around 1750
Was unsuccessful in controlling European territory
Unlike the Mughal empire, was not a gun powder empire
Weakend because its technology fell behind that of Europe
71
The decline of Han China
Resulted in the decline of Buddhism in China
Sae the end of Chinese established traditions
Saw Daoism, rather than Confucianism, gaining popularity
Like Rome, saw invaders permanently dominate the empire
72
During the classical period, Africa
Repelled Christian missionary efforts
Lost contact with classical civilizations
Was cut off from global trade patterns
Saw new technology used in trans-Saharan travel
73
The Black Death
Spread solely along routes of Mongol conquest
Changed the course of political institutions
Originated in Europe
Was most devastating in north Africa
74
East Asian nations are noted for the export of all of the following products EXCEPT
Heavy industry
Automobiles
Textiles
Films
75
The Ottoman Empire
Refused to accept foreign loans
Supported policies that benefited local artisans
Resisted economic reforms
Saw trade between non-Muslims and European merchants
76
Spain didn't participate in World War II because
Its republican governmen feared a Fascist coup
It had just endured a civil war
It was still recovering financially from World War I
It feared Communist domination
77
In contrast to the period following World War II
Didn't produce a single defining peace treaty
Disregarded the Soviet war effort
Saw inmediate independence for Europe's African colonies
78
Under both the Han and Roman empires
New territories were added to the empire
A time of peace settled over both empires
All of the above
Imperial roads were connected to the Silk Roads
79
The area in which Islam showed the most change during the 7th to the 15th centuries was in
The status of slaves
The development of the shariah
The role of women
It's treatment toward People of the Book
80
Lenin's New Economic Policy
Forbade the ownership of private property
Allowed some elements of capitalism
Established collective farming
Resulted in decreased agricultural production
81
Population patterns in the 19 century
Showed growth restricted to the Western world
Were affected by the Columbian exchange of the last period
Showed decline in east Asia and growth in Western Europe
showed limited growth among working classes
82
The key patterns of migration in the 20th and 21st centuries has been
From war-torn areas to those at peace
From rural to urban areas
From urban to rural areas
From developing to developed nations
83
During the Gupta dynasty
Hinduism and Buddhism became the official religions of India
Arabic numerals originated in India
The government of India became more centralized
Slavery increased
84
The rule of classical India included
Vedic traditional literature
The Aryan writing language
Aryan agricultural knowledge
The egalitarian Aryan society
85
The early civilization with the least-developed technology was
Mesoamerican
Harrapan
Egyptian
Sumerian
86
The end of the 20th century saw
Ethnic conflict in Russia and in Africa
The resolution of the problems of Palestinian refugees
A general decline in democracy throughout Latin America
Increased economic prosperity for Japan
87
Shang China
Left no decipherable written records
Contributed to the development of China's central government
Was prevented by natural barriers from trading
Was less urbanized than the Nile Valley civilization
88
The nation-state
Was incompatible with absolute monarchies
Promoted harmony among Europeans
Arose in Europe because of its diversity of cultural groups
Was embraced by the Ottoman empire
89
Mercantilism
Sparked further rivalries among European nations
Supported free trade
Brought long-term prosperity to Europe
Encouraged the importation of foreign goods
90
The nation that rose in power during World War I but declined in power during World War II was
Ottoman Empire
Japan
Great Britain
Russia
91
Early medieval Europe's strongest state was
The Holy Roman Empire
England
The Papal States
France
92
The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
Broke completely with classical traditions
Both held that reason could be used to improve humanity
Were global movements
93
One of the weaknesses of the early Muslim empires was
Disregard for the cultural traditions of conquered peoples
Failure to resolve questions of succession
Insistance on conversion of non-Arabs within the empire
Indifference to the Sunni and Shi'ite split
94
European explorations
Sought to break established trade monopolies
Were dependent on European technological innovation
Promoted harmony among the nations of Europe
Concentrated on the Americas
95
Among the common migration patterns in the 19th century was
The discontinuation of shelter colonies
migration from Latin America to Mediterranean Europe
middle-class migration from countryside to city
Migration for religious reasons
96
The Abbasid dynasty
Creates a social rift between Arabs and new converts
Proved the high point of Muslim cultural achievement
Healed the rift between Sunnis and Shi'ites
97
South Africa
Became an egalitarian society under Dutch rule
Saw the beginnings of racial divisions during colonial rule
Saw British enslavement of native peoples
98
Christianity
Taught the forgiveness of sins through faith in Jesus
Failed to utilize the public works of the Roman empire
Remained a religion of the Roman empire
Was not a missionary religion
99
Which of the American peoples was closest to the Persians in their administrative style?
The Mississippians
The Mayas
The Incas
The Aztecs
100
Enlightenment thought
Wasn't embraced by the woman's movement
Resembled renaissance thought
Resulted in harsher punishments for criminals
Treated children as miniature adults
101
Michael Gorbachev allowed all of the following EXCEPT
Discussion of government policies
Private land ownership
Democratic government
The protection of consumer goods
102
The Columbian exchange
Drew the world's oceans into an active trade network
Created both positive and adverse effects on population
Didn't involve Africa
Improved the nutrition of American indigenous peoples
103
Greek society
Was extended through overseas colonization
Was disrupted by the conquest of Alexander
Was unified by the geography of the Greek peninsula
Extended the democratic ideal by relying on free labor alone
104
Attempts to save the Roman empire from ruin included
The emancipation of Roman slaves
The establishment of a new capital in the eastern empire
The division of the latifundia
105
The decline of Gupta India
Saw the increased power of local princes
Didn't result in the fragmentation of the country
Resulted in the decline of traditional Indian culture
Occurred without pressure from invading peoples
106
The Communist ruler whose economic policies were most like those of Lenin was
Joseph Stalin
Jiang Jieshi
Mao Zedong
Deng Xiaoping
107
Both the Mexican revolts of 1821 and 1910
We're initially Creol-backed movements
Involved resistance to foreign influence
Ended in the immediate establishment of a republic
108
An example of diffusion rather than independent invention is the
Mayan concept of zero as a place holder
Sumerian use of the wheel
Origin of the Greek alphabet
Cultivation of the banana in southeast Asia
109
Sugar plantations
Were initially founded in the Caribbean
Were the ultimate destination of the first Portuguese slaves
Especially valued slaves from Western Africa
110
All of the following describe the Scientific Revolution EXCEPT that
It emphasized the value of research
It was modeled on Chinese philosophy
It described the nature of the universe
111
Trade among the peoples of the Americas
Was most similar in the Aztec and Toltec societies
Was facilitated in the Andes by geography
Remained local
United the Chimor and Inca people
112
The Persians
Failed to establish a unified empire
Were noted for their harsh treatment toward conquered people
Continued the traditions of ancient Mesopotamia
Introduced a religion similar to the structure of Hinduism
113
During the agricultural revolution, women
Experienced a decrease in status
Weren't represented in neolithic art
Observed and studied the agricultural environment
Participated in hunting activities with men
114
The influence of nomadic peoples in Eurasia
Delayed the interaction of global commercial networks
Ended with the Mongols
Created a relationship between nomads and settled peoples
Brought efficient administration to Eurasia
115
The 15th century was characterized by
The strengthening of nation-states in England and France
The decentralization of political power in Spain
The beginning of nation-states in Italy and Germany
116
The end of the trans-Atlantic slave trade
Began with Brazil
Received widespread support of African kings
Occurred about the time of the emancipation of Russian surfs
Was resisted by Great Britain
117
The declining years of the Qing dynasty saw
The end of the opium trade
Invasion by nomadic people north of the Great Wall
The influence of foreign nations
The long-term acceptance of the self-strengthening movement
118
Silk road trade
Was confined to land routes across Asia
Established links between the empires of Han China and Rome
Florished despite constant interferences from nomadic tribes
Bypassed Mesopotamia
119
Compaired to the Viets, the Chinese were more
Agrarian
Ethnically diverse
Urbanized
Interested in trade
120
The Eastern portion of the Roman empire
Competed with the Parthians and Sassanids for trade
Successfully restored the boundaries of the Western empire
Was a center of trade, art, and architecture
Didn't experience pressure from invaders
121
The African slave trade
Was frequently the result of African rivalries
Had no ties to Middle Eastern trade
Was abolished by the Dutch in southern Africa
Was limited to the Atlantic ocean
122
The world's most populous democracy is
Canada
Great Britain
India
The US
123
Which of the following leaders would have agreed most with the policies of Benito Mussolini?
Juan Peron
Nikita Khrushchev
Fidel Castro
V. I. Lenin
124
Latin American trade
Decreased after the 1820s
Caused great Britain to support the Monroe doctrine
Relied on exports of manufactured goods
Relied on the increased slave trade of the late 19th century
125
The position of Chinese women
Was more restrictive under the Tang than under the Song
Resulted in greater freedoms under Neo-Confucianism
Changed markedly between the 7th and 13th centuries
Was defined by Confucianism
126
The Allied policy toward Hitler in the 1930's can best be described as one of
Containment
Indifference
Appeasement
Confrontation
127
The American and the French revolutions were alike in all of the following ways EXCEPT
They were prompted by issues of taxation
They both brought increased political power for women
They produced documents that defined similar natural rights
128
The Brazilian independence movement
Resulted in the abolition of slavery
Produced a republic for Brazil
Was the result of the Napoleonic Wars
Involved a prolonged struggle with Portugal
129
European exploration through the mid-15th century
Produced intense rivalries with East Asian civilizations
Depended upon the knowledge of the eastern world
Placed merchants in conflict with monarchs
Suffered from a lack of technological expertise
130
Which of the following was NOT used first during World War I?
Tanks
Dirigibles
Radar
Airplanes
