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AP World History Modern- Unit 3 and 4 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP World History Modern- Unit 3 and 4 Review
AP World History Modern- Unit 3 and 4 Review
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1
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of
trading posts
between the
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Hawaii
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
2
This description of the Ottoman Empire shows that a continuity from Unit 1 to Unit 3 is that Ottomans were originally;
Christian peoples.
merchant trading Mediterranean peoples.
pastoralist Turkish peoples.
settled agriculturalist Byzantine peoples.
3
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region? (Roll the Dice )!
Russia
China
South Asia
Middle East
4
Context: The example of
Zheng He
before 1450 demonstrates that land empires like the Ming were increasingly
shutting themselves off from the rest of the world.
seeking to expand trade over the Silk Road
projecting state power and encouraging overseas foreign trade.
looking to create empires in the Americas.
5
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
6
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church
EXCEPT
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
7
Located in Agra, India, this mausoleum was built for the tomb of Shah Jahan favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ottoman Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
8
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
9
This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of
Edicts by the Pope which attempted to ban local religions.
Aztec empire building through an alliance of the "3 tribes."
The development of early Aztec culture and mythology.
Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.
10
BQ: Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Islam
Hinduism and Buddhism
Christianity and Judaism
11
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Native American and African cultures
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Christianity and Islam
12
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic policy to maximize the exports and minimize the imports
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
13
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
The challenge to authority by local elites.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
14
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
15
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
Voluntary Labor
chattel slavery
indentured servitude
encomienda
16
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Generated revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created tribute collection systems
17
The empire from Unit 3 that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy (trade), spurring Portugal to explore, was
the Manchu Qing
the Mughals
the Safavids
the Ottomans
18
All of the following are true, but what was a
POLITICAL
effect of the Reformation?
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
19
Context: The example of
Zheng He
before 1450 demonstrates that land empires like the Ming were increasingly
projecting state power and encouraging overseas foreign trade.
shutting themselves off from the rest of the world.
looking to create empires in the Americas.
seeking to expand trade over the Silk Road
20
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Economic powers
Technological powers
Cultural religious powers
Social powers
21
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
22
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
23
What was
NOT
a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
24
Which empire relocated their capital to Tabriz?
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
25
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
26
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
27
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
Direct access to the Indian Ocean trade network and access to China
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
28
What's the
MOST
likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
To glorify Sunni Islam.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
29
The expansion of Ottoman and Safavid empires led to conflict . What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
30
Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
31
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Encomienda System
Mit'a
Chattel Slavery
Indentured Servitude
32
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
33
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade
CHANGE
in 1450-1750?
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
34
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
35
All of the images below deal
MOSTLY
with which time period in European history?
The Age of Exploration
The Enlightenment
The Artistic Renaissance
The Scientific Revolution
36
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Generated Revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
37
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Roman Empire
Mongol Empire
Han Dynasty
Egyptian Empire
38
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Byzantines
The Chinese
The Egyptians
The Romans
39
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
The Silk Road
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Regional trade in the Americas
40
The
first
voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
41
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created taxation systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
42
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
43
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
44
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
45
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
46
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
Created tribute collection systems
47
Enslaved people that were forced to migrate and to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
48
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Generated Revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
49
Which empire was ruled by a Sultan?
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
50
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
51
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
52
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that;
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army or civil servants.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
53
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was
NOT
an effect of this trade?
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
54
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
caravels using lateen sails.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
colonies in the Americas.
silver-backed currencies.
55
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
The study of the anatomy of the human body
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
56
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the sailing in the
Indian Ocean prior to 1450
?
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
57
This is the Spanish silver mine Potosi (modern Bolivia) in
1590
; the workers are
Native American
. Which is true?
They were slaves forced to labor for the Spanish
They were completely and legally equal to the Spanish
They used this silver to freely trade for Spanish crops
They were free but were taxed by the Spanish