To what does the Carolingian Renaissance refer?

A growing interest in the ideas of classical Greece and Rome

How did the Muslim tradition of veiling women likely originate?

The custom of veiling was probably of Byzantine or Persian origin.

In addition to his concept of empire, what was another characteristic that made Cyrus a remarkable warrior-king?

His benevolence and humanity as a ruler

What have increasing numbers of archaeologists concluded about the earliest migrants to the Americas?

That the first peoples traveled by both foot and boat

What did the first Qin emperor standardize, enabling China to operate more efficiently?

The Chinese script, weights, measures, and coinage were standardized.

Why was Akhenaton's interest in worship of a new sun-god Aton ultimately a failure?

It was imposed from above and failed to find a place among the people.

What was a consequence in Europe of Marco Polo's travels to China?

His writings helped convince Europeans that Asia was a land of riches.

Which of the following facilitated communication between China, Vietnam, and Japan?

Japan, Korea, and Vietnam adopted the Chinese script for writing.

What is the meaning of Mesoamerican split inheritance?

A dead emperor retained all his lands and continued to receive tribute.

How was the New Kingdom different from the previous Middle and Old Kingdoms?

Egyptians focused on conquest of territories and created the first empire.

In early Germanic villages, which of the following indicated a man's wealth and determined his social status?

The number of cattle he possessed

What attracted Chinese women to Buddhism?

It encouraged women to pursue salvation on terms nearly equal to men.

Why did Neolithic peoples build circular structures?

Circular structures were believed to predict the movements of the stars.

What are the four sub-regions of Oceania?

Micronesia; Polynesia; Melanesia; and Australia / New Zealand

Which of the following helped the Japanese to repeatedly repulse Mongol invasions?

Strong samurai armies and 2 fierce storms that destroyed the Mongol fleets

According to advocates of Legalism, what characteristics should the ideal government have?

Government should be bureaucratic and authoritarian.

After the conversion of North Africans to Islam, where did the deepest penetration of Islam occur south of the Sahara?

In the West African kingdoms of Ghana and Mali

How did Muslims and non-Muslims interact in Ghana?

Muslims lived separately from the non-Muslim artisans and traders

Who was Chandragupta?

The founder of the Mauryan Empire

Which is your favorite Polynesian sailing technique?

Cloud formations, Waves, Stars, Birds

Why did people in the early Americas not use the wheel?

There were no large animals to pull wagons.

Where did the earliest australopithecines live?

Southern Africa, Southern and eastern Africa

What important belief did the Arians hold?

They thought that Christ was not co-eternal with God or equal in power

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1
Until 1955c.e., Ethiopia's rulers claimed they could trace their line of succession back to which of the following?
The Queen Mother
The Hebrew king Solomon
Abu Bakr, Muhammad's immediate successor
James, Jesus's younger brother
2
In 771 B.C.E., the Zhou capital was moved to what city after the king was killed and replaced by his son?
Beijing
Chang-an
Luoyang
Anyang
3
To what does the Carolingian Renaissance refer?
A growing veneration of the fathers of Roman Christianity
An enthusiastic interest in Roman military history
A growing interest in the ideas of classical Greece and Rome
Charlemagne's invention of a bureaucracy necessary to operate an empire
4
What was the most glorified virtue in Han times?
Honoring the emperor
Bureaucratic honesty
Gentlemanly conduct
Filial piety
5
With whom did the pope form an alliance as a result of the iconoclastic controversy?
Persian Muslims
The Byzantine emperor
Arian Christians
The Frankish monarchy
6
How did the Muslim tradition of veiling women likely originate?
Abraham had required it for the women who followed him into exile.
Veiling of women had long been mandatory in pre-Islamic Arab traditions.
The custom of veiling was probably of Byzantine or Persian origin.
According to the Qur'an, Aisha, the prophet's wife, began the practice.
7
In addition to his concept of empire, what was another characteristic that made Cyrus a remarkable warrior-king?
His ability to coordinate an efficient bureaucracy over a vast region
His benevolence and humanity as a ruler
His concern for economic development
His effective assimilation of nomadic invaders into his kingdom
8
What have increasing numbers of archaeologists concluded about the earliest migrants to the Americas?
That peoples could not have arrived any earlier than 9000 B.C.E.
That humans did not cross the Bering Strait at all
That humans were primarily hunters of big game
That the first peoples traveled by both foot and boat
9
What new method for choosing government officials was introduced in 605 C.E. under the Sui Dynasty?
Monastic training
Oral examinations
Military challenges
Written examinations
10
What did the first Qin emperor standardize, enabling China to operate more efficiently?
Official volume of Confucian theories to standardize religious traditions.
Ritual celebrations calendar so they were observed at the same time.
The Chinese script, weights, measures, and coinage were standardized.
Prices for rice and wheat were set by the government.
11
What was the central food crop in the high altitude of the Andes?
Maize
Potatoes
Squash
Beans
12
Who dominated political affairs in northern and central Arabia before Muhammad?
Religious authorities
Kings and queens
Warrior elite
Commercial elite
13
What was one of the first crops to be developed in India?
Rice
Wheat
Cotton
Lentils
14
Why was Akhenaton's interest in worship of a new sun-god Aton ultimately a failure?
The elaborate worship rituals were too confusing.
The hated and corrupt priesthood endorsed it.
It was imposed from above and failed to find a place among the people.
It attempted to do away with worship of the widely popular sun-god.
15
By taking over city-states in Central Asia, the Han under Emperor Wu were taking control of what transregional route?
Khyber Pass
Silk Road
Grand Canal
Incense Route
16
Ban Zhao's Admonitions for Women promoted the ideal virtues for Han women, particularly the virtue of
physical strength.
humility
pride.
piety.
17
What was a consequence in Europe of Marco Polo's travels to China?
He convinced the Pope to dispatch a mission to convert the Chinese.
His writings helped convince Europeans that Asia was a land of riches.
He was jailed for serving Khubilai Khan.
His writings inspired Europeans to try to conquer China.
18
What did the Arab invaders of the Sind and the Turkish invaders of Khurasan have in common?
Belief in Islam
Respect for Hinduism
Ethnic background
Interest in Buddhism
19
In the Christian West, where did Christians and Muslims have the greatest interaction?
Andalusia
Syria
Egypt
France
20
Which of the following facilitated communication between China, Vietnam, and Japan?
All three societies used the same spoken language.
All three used the same phonetic script for writing.
Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and China developed a common sign language.
Japan, Korea, and Vietnam adopted the Chinese script for writing.
21
What is the meaning of Mesoamerican split inheritance?
A dead emperor retained all his lands and continued to receive tribute.
Upon his death, an emperor had to give half his land to his closest rival.
The wives of an emperor split the land among their sons.
After an emperor died, his lands were split among his sons.
22
The polyglot coastal culture of East Africa is known as what?
Swahili
Coptic
Zimbabwe
Soninke
23
How was the New Kingdom different from the previous Middle and Old Kingdoms?
Pharaohs tried to ensure peace because war was too expensive.
Egyptians focused on conquest of territories and created the first empire.
Pharaohs encouraged more religious activities.
Egyptians now focused more on trade than on farming.
24
How many hours a week did early foragers generally spend gathering food?
One to three hours
Ten to twenty hours
Forty hours
Fifty hours or more
25
Which continent has the oldest rock art formations?
Australia
Africa
China
South America
26
In early Germanic villages, which of the following indicated a man's wealth and determined his social status?
The number of cattle he possessed
The number of wives he had
His relationship with the king
The amount of land he owned
27
Which of the following was one of Saint Augustine's key ideas?
His belief that the pope was Peter's successor
His doctrine of original sin
His belief in monastic celibacy
His doctrine of Christ's divinity
28
What attracted Chinese women to Buddhism?
It guaranteed every woman status as a bodhisattva.
It accepted the idea of female rulers and female independence.
It encouraged women to pursue salvation on terms nearly equal to men.
It taught that being born female was higher than being born male.
29
Why did Neolithic peoples build circular structures?
It helped them to predict where best to herd their animals.
Circular structures would ensure a large harvest for years to come.
Circular structures were believed to possess magical powers.
Circular structures were believed to predict the movements of the stars.
30
What are the four sub-regions of Oceania?
Micronesia; Polynesia; Melanesia; and Australia / New Zealand
Australia; New Zealand; Polynesia; and Rapa Nui
Easter Island; Sandwich Islands; Cook Islands; Solomon Islands
Hawai'i; New Zealand; Philippines; and Tonga
31
Which of the following helped the Japanese to repeatedly repulse Mongol invasions?
The intervention of Korea on the side of Japan
The expert military leadership of the Japanese emperor
The bravery and skill of the Japanese citizenry
Strong samurai armies and 2 fierce storms that destroyed the Mongol fleets
32
What were chinampas?
Early religious leaders
Weapons
Floating gardens
Human sacrifices
33
According to advocates of Legalism, what characteristics should the ideal government have?
Government should be small and weak.
Government should be bureaucratic and authoritarian.
Government should put an end to social hierarchy.
All governmental leaders should be highly moral and pious.
34
After the conversion of North Africans to Islam, where did the deepest penetration of Islam occur south of the Sahara?
Along the east coast of Africa
In Namibia
In the West African kingdoms of Ghana and Mali
Along the southern coast of Africa
35
According to texts found in Shang royal tombs, what important role did Shang kings fulfill?
They were considered to be gods.
They were military chieftains.
They were also philosophers.
They were the dynasty's most important merchants.
36
According to Egyptian belief, the Nile's rise and fall was dictated by
the pharaoh.
priests.
tides.
Ra.
37
Who was Mahavira?
Chandragupta's minister
The founder of Jainism
An Aryan chieftain
India's greatest general
38
How did Muslims and non-Muslims interact in Ghana?
Muslims lived separately from the non-Muslim artisans and traders
Not well; Muslims converted to animism as a result of political pressure.
Muslims provided valuable unskilled labor for the mines.
Everyone was thoroughly integrated into the local society.
39
Which civilization produced some of the best iron products in the world?
Meroë
Sumer
Persia
India
40
What empire was defeated by the Muslim army at the battle of Nihawand and ended in 642?
Byzantine
Visigothic
Sassanid
Afghanistan
41
According to Confucius, what was the basic unit of society?
Kingdom
Village
Individual
Family
42
In the seventh century, who ultimately defeated the Eastern Turks?
Western Turks
Byzantines
Tang Dynasty
Xiongnu
43
Who was Chandragupta?
The leader of Buddhist reform in India
The military leader who defeated Alexander the Great at Taxila
A famous Greek ambassador who was sent to the Mauryan court
The founder of the Mauryan Empire
44
Which is your favorite Polynesian sailing technique?
Cloud formations
Waves
Stars
Birds
45
Why did people in the early Americas not use the wheel?
Anything circular was viewed as an omen of bad luck.
Boats were preferred for transportation.
There were no large animals to pull wagons.
They failed to invent the wheel.
46
Where did the earliest australopithecines live?
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western and northern Africa
Southern and eastern Africa
47
What was the native religion of Japan?
Shinto
Yamato
Mahayana
Zen
48
Which of the following was invented in China around 105 C.E.?
Paper
Writing
Bronze technology
Wet-field rice cultivation
49
According to the Qur'an, honor in the Muslim world was based on what?
Piety
Wealth
Intelligence
Lineage
50
Which Chinese dynasty was the first to have writing, cities, and metalworking?
Zhou
Yangzi
Shang
Xiongnu
51
What important belief did the Arians hold?
They thought that Christ was not co-eternal with God or equal in power
They asserted that God and Christ were equals.
They believed in the supremacy of the bishop of Rome.
They argued that the powers of church and state should be separate.
52
Where was maize, the most important American food crop, first grown?
The Caribbean
Alaska
Mexico
The Andes
53
A common belief in most African religions held that
an individual needs to explore their own spirituality.
the gods created social hierarchies.
a supreme being had created the universe.
natural phenomena could not be explained or controlled.
54
The Mongol script that Chinggis Khan ordered created was based on the script used by what other society?
Uighur Turks
Chinese
Urdu
Sanskrit
55
What was the key to the Han tributary system?
Sending Confucian scholars as teachers
Sending royal children as hostages
Frequently sending armies to invade
The exchange of gifts via envoys
56
What did Paleolithic peoples believe about dead members of their kinship groups?
That the dead would return one day
That the dead were gone forever
That the dead became new gods
That deceased family members were still with them
57
What was the Phoenicians' greatest cultural achievement?
They created the first fully phonetic alphabet.
They developed the first sun-based calendar.
They were responsible for the composition of The Iliad.
They developed settled agriculture
58
In Aztec society, social status and mobility depended on which of the following?
Military performance
Religious devotion
Wealth
Intelligence
59
Where did Homo sapiens first evolve?
East Africa
China
The Black Sea region
The Nile Valley
60
Which dynasty created the theory of the Mandate of Heaven?
The Shang
The Zhou
The Han
The Qing
61
What was the greatest source of income for the king of Ghana?
His royal estates
His gold export monopoly
The salt trade
The slave trade
62
Paleolithic humans may have encouraged the growth of new plants by doing what?
Setting fires
Hunting large game
Harvesting crops
Planting seeds
63
What crop was a major contributor to the rise in population of central Africa around 1000 C.E.?
Sorghum
Bananas
Millet
Yams
64
What was the original meaning of barbaros, or barbarian?
Someone who was primitive or unruly
Someone who was not Christian
Someone who wore animal skins
Someone who did not speak Greek
65
Neanderthals lived side by side with which of the following for millennia?
Cro-Magnon
Homo sapiens
Homo habilis
Australopithecus
66
What is the last step in Buddhism's Eightfold Path?
Contemplation
Awareness
Conduct
Endeavor
67
Why were madrasas important to the Muslim world?
They encouraged the understanding of Aristotelian thought.
They encouraged young men to develop military talents.
They prepared young men for business careers.
They attempted to prepare men for religious and legal responsibilities.
68
Who worked the land owned by the king, nobles, and temples in ancient Sumer?
Scribes and soldiers
Priests in training
Hired laborers
Client farmers and slaves
69
Why is the Book of Songs especially valuable for people studying early Zhou China?
It tells the story of China's first musicians
It explains the complexity of the Mandate of Heaven.
It is a political manual much like India's Arthashastra.
It serves as the best source for understanding everyday life.
70
How did womxn's work change as a result of settled agriculture?
Womxn continued to be quite mobile and added to diets through foraging.
Woxen became merchants because they had time to produce things to sell.
Womxn were responsible for working the fields while their husbands hunted.
Womxn likely began to spend more time tending to household needs.
71
Unity in the Maya world was developed by a common language and what activity?
A common way of dressing
Intermarriage between Maya and Olmec communities
Extensive trade and commerce
The development of a strong centralized government
72
What surrounded Sumerian temples?
The houses of ordinary citizens
The king's palace
Barren land
Forests
73
Around 2300 B.C.E., what chieftain conquered Sumer and created an empire?
Menes
Hammurabi
Sargon
Akhenaten
74
What did Jesus reportedly teach regarding womxn?
He believed and taught that womxn were a constant source of temptation.
He taught that womxn were almost always inferior to men.
He taught that no matter what happened, womxn could not achieve salvation.
He taught that womxn were equal to men.
75
What did the use of plows allow Neolithic people to do?
Develop less specialized economies
Develop the first religions
Spend less time working
Produce a significant amount of surplus food
76
What did the Aryans use to ease the difficult task of clearing the jungle?
Iron tools
Pesticides
Fire
Wooden plows
77
According to Mahavira, what kinds of objects have souls?
Only living creatures, human and animal, have souls.
All animate objects, but only some inanimate objects, have souls.
Only human beings have souls.
All objects, living or inanimate, have souls.
78
During the Kushan period, Indian art was strongly influenced by the art of what society?
Chinese
Egyptian
Turkish
Greek
79
For what did Neolithic peoples use obsidian?
It was easily carved into storage jars.
It was melted to construct plow blades.
It was woven into carpets to make them stronger.
It was used to make knives and blades.
80
His writings helped convince Europeans that Asia was a land of riches.
The Middle East
Europe
China
Japan
81
How many wives does the Qur'an allow a man to have?
Only one
Four, as long as all are treated justly and equally
Four, if the first one is treated best
As many as he can afford to keep
82
How did Cortés defeat the Aztec Empire?
He allied with the Tlaxcala.
He had help from Pizarro.
With only six hundred Spaniards, he marched into Tenochtitlan.
He promised Aztec slaves freedom.
83
Mali's success as a kingdom was aided in part by which of the following?
A pool of highly skilled artisans
A military equipped with superior technology
Control of highly productive gold mines
A strong agricultural and commercial base
84
How did the “Justinian plague” affect the Byzantines?
It caused the death of the Emperor Justinian.
It decimated the Muslim armies attacking Byzantium.
It killed much fewer Byzantines than western Europeans.
Its outbreak severely weakened the military resources of Byzantium.
85
According to the philosophy of the Laozi (Tao te ching), people would be better off if they did what?
Learned to read
Developed new tools
Traveled more
Knew less
86
As in Egypt, Harappan agriculture was aided by which of the following?
Monsoon rains
Man-made lakes
Mild temperatures
A long, hot growing season
87
How did the Mongols use conquest to improve their empire?
Improved their capital city with skilled workers from conquered regions.
Exploited the labor of conquered womxn forced to work at military camps.
Treated all subjugated men as enslaved labor.
Imposed their traditional tribal groupings on subjugated peoples.
88
What are the collections of sayings or anecdotes about Muhammad called?
Madrasa
Hadith
Shari'a
Ulema
89
How was higher education in the Muslim world similar to that in China?
Graduates were guaranteed employment as civil servants.
Personal relationship between teacher-student were key to education.
A few women were allowed to pursue their education alongside men.
Students were expected to become religious leaders after graduation.
90
Carolingian power over the Franks was solidified by Charles Martel's defeat of which group in 732, at Poitiers?
Celtic warriors
Muslim invaders
The Visigoths
The Burgundians
91
How was the Chinese system of writing similar to that in Egypt and Sumer?
It was impossible to express abstract concepts in any of the 3 systems.
All three were logographic systems.
Each of the three was an early alphabetical system.
Each symbol in all three systems represented a spoken syllable.
92
What is the Hindu concept of dharma?
The balance sheet of good and bad deeds
The belief in reincarnation
The rejection of ritualism
The moral law that Hindus are to observe
93
Prince Shōtoku's reforms of Japan included adopting what administrative ideas from China?
Using Legalism to organize a society
Instituting a ladder of ranks using Confucianism as a guiding principle.
Establishing an official policy of “family comes first”.
Administering the country through a Daoist hands-off approach.
94
The presence of the Ka'ba attracted pilgrims to what city?
Medina
Baghdad
Damascus
Mecca
95
What was the official religion of Sassanid Persia?
Coptic Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Zoroastrianism
96
Who was at the head of each Aryan tribal group?
A head priest
An assembly of tribesmen
A raja or chief
A god-king
97
How did Inca rulers prevent rebellion?
They prevented revolt through fear and sacrificing 1000s of subjects.
They dramatically reduced the tax burden on newly conquered peoples.
They allowed conquered peoples a measure of local self-government.
They transported all conquered peoples to different parts of the empire.
98
In the tenth century, Ghana became powerful by capturing what territory?
The territory of the Soninke king
The majority of Berber strongholds and their mosques
The neighboring kingdom of Mali and its goldmines
Awdaghost and the southern portion of the trans-Saharan trade route
99
How did Christianity influence marriage norms in Ethiopia?
Polygamy remained common but was scorned.
Monogamy became common.
Monogamy was unusual but not unknown.
Polygamy was banned throughout the kingdom.
100
How did the Hebrew religion change as a result of the Babylonian Captivity?
It was redefined and established as the law of Yahweh.
It was adopted by the Chaldeans.
It almost disappeared.
It was exposed to Zoroastrianism.

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