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Keystone Review -- Module II
Keystone Review -- Module II
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PA Biology Keystone Module B
Flashcards
65 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
65
Answers
1
Where does TRANSCRIPTION take place?
nucleus
ribosome
ER
cytoplasm
2
___________ occurs when one species evolves into two or more distinct/separate species.
coevolution
genetic drift
convergent evolution
speciation
3
A change in the order of bases in DNA during replication may result in...
production of identical proteins
genetic variation within an organism
evolution of an organism
crossing over
4
1000 units of energy are available in a trophic level, how many are available in the next level
1000 units
10 units
100 units
10,000 units
5
The following diagram shows
convergent structures
analogous structures
vestigial structures
homologous structures
6
Butterfly wings have no bones but bird wings do. What kind of structures are these?
homologous
heterozygous
vestigial
analogous
7
Unlike mitotic division, meiotic division results in...
2n cells
somatic cells
haploid cells
diploid cells
8
What is the proper order from largest to smallest?
gene - chromosome - nucleus - cell
cell - nucleus - chromosome - gene
nucleus - cell - chromosome - gene
chromosome - cell - nucleus - gene
9
Which of the following is NOT true of meiosis?
it produces sex cells (gametes)
It is used for repair in an organism
it cuts the chromosome number in half
it involves two rounds of cell division.
10
Which receive their energy from primary consumers?
look at the diagram....
secondary consumers
tertiary consumers
primary consumers
producers
11
Which represents a limiting factor unique to a field planted with wheat every year?
the temperature
the amount of sunlight
the amount of water
the amount of soil nutrients
12
The picture below illustrates a process called _______. It is a chromosomal mutation.
speciation
karyotyping
frameshift
non-disjunction
13
At the end of meiosis 2 cells have 10 chromosomes, 1 cell has 9, and one cell has 11. Why?
translocation
deletion
nondisjunction
crossing over
14
In a cell, information that regulates protein synthesis must pass from the nucleus to the...
ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi body
mitochondria
15
A insect population experiences a change in allele frequency. What is the most likely cause?
artificial selection for an advantageous trait
natural selection for an advantageous trait
natural selection against an advantageous trait
artificial selection against an advantageous trait
16
What type of mutation changes the DNA sequence, but not the function of a protein?
Nonsense mutation
Inversion mutation
Silent mutation
Frameshift mutation
17
The energy that consumers gain is used to
grow plants
feed decomposers
to carry out life processes; any remaining is released as heat
produce more energy
18
A mutation occurs in the gene for squirrel fur color. What will most likely happen as a result
decrease in the diversity of fur color for squirrels
change in the natural selection pressures for fur color
a change in the gene for fur color of squirrel predators
an increase in the diversity of fur color for squirrels
19
What phase of meiosis is this cell in?
Anaphase I
Metaphase I
Prophase II
Metaphase II
20
Organisms separated by a pond could experience
geographic isolation
temporal isolation
behavioral isolation
21
A frameshift mutation results when
there is no change in phenotype
There is a premature stop codon
a piece of one chromosome breaks off an joins another
all amino acids that occur after the point of the mutation are effected
22
Organism --> population --> community --> ecosystem --> _________ --> biosphere
atmosphere
organism
biome
biology
23
Organisms that mate at different times of the year are ______ isolated.
Behaviorally
Temporally
Geographically
24
A stable forest ecosystem would not contain...
carbon dioxide
more consumers than producers
scavengers
nutrients being cycled
25
Bacteria and fungi act as
primary consumers
secondary consumers
decomposers
producers
26
A single strand of mRNA is made from a section of DNA. This section of DNA is called a...
ribosome
chromosome
gene
promoter
27
An organism's diploid # is 28. How many chromosomes in its body cells and gametes?
28 in body cells & 14 in the gametes
28 in the body cells & 28 in the gametes
14 in the body cells & 14 in the gametes
14 in the body cells & 28 in the gametes
28
What process happens before a cell divides?
Sunlight is converted into glucose
DNA is replicated
Glucose is converted into ATP
DNA in transcribed into mRNA
29
Natural selection acts directly on
homologous structures
fossils
genotypes
phenotypes
30
What would happen to an ecosystem if the producers were eliminated?
The abiotic factors would take over
Only a reduction is carnivores
Decrease in populations at all levels
Only a reduction in herbivores
31
Where does TRANSLATION occur in BOTH prokaryote and eukaryote cells?
In the cytoplasm
In the nucleus
In the central vacuole
On a ribosome
32
What type of mutation is occuring if the sequence TTATCT becomes TTTCT?
substitution
point
insertion
deletion
33
The # of base differences in COIIgene in mice and rats is 101,and in mice and cows is 270,then
rats and cows are more closely related
We cannot determine relatedness between any of these
mice and cows are more closely related
mice and rats are more closely related
34
DNA replication produces identical copies of DNA through
enzymes linking amino acids together
complementary base paring
helicase unwinding the double helix
replacing thymine with uracil
35
Why should scientists be CAUTIOUS in plating genetically modified plants?
increased diversity
improved profit
reduced pesticide use
unplanned ecosystem interactions
36
Plants, animals, fungi, rocks, and humidity are all apart of an organisms
ecosystem
population
community
species
37
Where in a eukaryotic cell does transcription take place?
nucleus
ribosome
chloroplast
cell membrane
38
What is one way that humans have had a positive impact on their local ecosystems?
increased use of pesticides and herbicides
utilize renewable resources
plant the same crop in a field year after year
increased waste as a result of increased technology
39
If a Pigeon body cell has 80 Chromosomes, how many chromosomes would it's gametes have?
80
40
20
160
40
Which is the correct sequence of the cell cycle?
C - G1 - G2 - S - M
M - G1 - G2 - S - C
M - G1 - S - G2 - C
G1 - S - G2 - M - C
41
If a DNA sequence was AGATCG, what would the RNA sequence be?
UCUAGC
UCUUGC
TCTAGC
UUUAGC
42
During interphase...
cytoplasm divides
chromatids seperate
DNA replicates
nuclear envelope dissolves
43
A man with AB blood marries a woman with heterozygous A blood, what percent offspring with B?
0
25
50
75
44
Any factor that prohibits or slows the growth of a population is a(n)
greenhouse gas
biotic factor
limiting factor
renewable resource
45
All biotic and abiotic factors in a certain area can be classified as which of the following?
niche
ecosystem
population
community
46
What type of inheritance is skin color and human height?
sex linked
polygeneic
incomplete dominance
codominance
47
What type of mutation occurs without changing more than one amino acid?
point
frameshift
48
What would the phenotypic ratio be of crossing 2 pink flowers if it is incomplete dominance?
3 red : 0 pink : 1 white
1 red : 2 pink : 1 white
0 red : 2 pink : 2 white
0 red : 4 pink : 0 white
49
Codominace occurs when
The recessive trait evolves into a dominate trait
One allele is completely dominant over the other
the two alleles BLEND together to make a new phenotype
BOTH versions of the alleles show up in the phenotype
50
Which of the following CAUSES a mutation?
use or disuse of a structure
development of a vestigial structure
a change in the genetic code
a change in muscle structure
51
Invasive species can harm ecosystems because they
crowd out native species
reduces resources for native species
all of the above
don't have any natural predators
52
What happens to an allele that is no longer helpful for an organism in its environment?
it becomes recessive
It becomes dominant
It becomes less common
It becomes more common
53
A man with hemophilia marries a normal(non carrier), what percent of their girls will be XHXh?
25
0
100
50
54
How does cytokinesis differ in plant cells compared to animal cells?
Plant cells pinch in to create the daughter cells
Plant cells go through cytokinesis after metaphase
Animal cells don't go through cytokinesis
Plant cells produces a cell plate to create the daughter cells
55
The remnants of a pelvic bone and leg bone in a whale are examples of
Genetic Drift
vestigial structures
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Geographic Isolation
56
The biome most closely related to western Pennsylvania is
The rainforest
Temperate Deciduous Forest
The grasslands
The tundra
57
An interaction where both species benefit is called
parasitism
competition
commensalism
mutualism
58
What will most likely happen due to a change in allele frequencies due to the founder effect?
extinction of the original population
natural selection
selective breeding
mutation in the original population
59
Which phase of the cell cycle will occur next?
interphase
meiosis
light dependent reactions
cytokinesis
60
If a certain allele allows for better survival we would expect the frequency of the allele to
remain unchanged
decrease
decrease rapidly then increase again
increase
61
Prior to cell division, the DNA separates into 2 strands. The DNA is most likely preparing for
translation
transcription
fertilization
replication
62
A scientist discovers that few plants grow on the ocean floor. Which best explains this?
increased amount of oxygen
increased amount of heat
decreased amount of competition
decreased amount of sunlight
63
One difference between cell division in a plant and an animal cell is that plant cells have
cleavage furrow
cell plate
centromeres
centrioles
64
During mitosis, a parent cell with 4 chromosomes will make 2 daughter cells containing
16 chromosomes
4 chromosomes
2 chromosomes
8 chromosomes
65
A couple both have dwarfism (dominant), they have a normal child, what is their genotype?
Dd
dd
DD
cannot be determined
