MuHis II: Final Exam Terms

Music that means something extra-musical; a significant development of the Romantic era.

This American composer was a son of a former sla ve. He composed the Maple Leaf Rag and other ragtime pieces.

The following are forms for lieder/art songs EXCEPT for…

This German term means “all-encompassing artwork." Comes from Wagner. All parts of an opera should contribute equally.

This programmatic symphony used the idée fixe to symbolize the main character’s “beloved.”

This part of sonata form includes all the themes previously introduced, but stays within the home key.

Dmitri Shostakovich’s late works were known to use which of the following motives?

This 20th-Century genre refers to slightly varied repetitions of small units over time. Rejected super-complex music.

This part of sonata form starts in the home key, but moves to the V in major or the bIII (relative major) in minor.

This musical movement combines both old and new styles of music, believing that all genres are equally usable.

This composer bridged the gap between the Classical and Romantic Periods. Became deaf later in life.

This type of music was considered by the Soviet government as too self-righteous and even punishable by law.

A movement associated with post-WWII radical experimentation. Pursued new sounds at all costs, more than even modernism.

Smaller operas with spoken parts, usually humorous with lighter subjects. Ex. Offenbach’s Orpheus in the Underworld.

A term, associated with Brahms, coined by Schoenberg. A process of deriving new themes in a piece using an older theme.

This part of sonata form alters or plays with the introduced themes. Keys/harmonies are unstable.

A Romantic genre typically for piano. Explores a particular mood, object, situation, or idea.

This Romantic composer composed entirely for piano. Influenced by bel canto opera, Polish folk music, and chromaticism.

This 20th-Century composer experimented musically with his ballets. Known for Petrushka and The Rite of Spring.

This Romantic composer was known as the “Waltz King” and produced hundreds of waltzes. Ex. Blue Danube Waltz (1866).

This movement called for Italian independence. The slogan “Viva Verdi!” was inspired by Verdi’s opera Nabucco.

This 20th-Century genre comes from African-American culture; speaks about life’s hardships. Most common form is 12-bar.

The following (EXCEPT one) are composers of the Second Viennese School, who were modernists that critiqued mass culture.

These five Russian composers were inspired by Russian folklore, Western genres, and Eastern sounds.

This Soviet composer got in trouble with the government several times for his dissonant and explicit music.

This 20th-century composer was associated with impressionism and piano music. Composed Voiles and Golliwog’s Cakewalk.

This Romantic composer died young, but composed 600+ lieder. Even his instrumentals are songlike (Ex.Wanderer Fantasy).

This style of opera means “beautiful singing.” Emphasizes melody, embellishments, and subtle orchestral accompaniment.

This 20th-Century genre is known as “chance” music. Left one or more musical elements up to luck.

This period is described as a “Golden Age” and is dated from around 1750 to 1830.

This 20th-Century artistic movement is defined by a search for new sounds and new paradigms.

This type of Soviet music was accessible, aligned with folk and patriotism, and was encouraged by the Soviet regime.

Symphony composed by Beethoven. At first dedicated to Napoleon Bonaparte, it was later retracted when he became Emperor.

This 20th-century composer was born in Jackson, MS. Used integral serialism (extends 12-tone to non-pitch elements).

This Romantic composer was highly associated with Italian opera, such as Oberta and Nabucco.

This composer was a child prodigy and mastered every Classical genre. Died poor and ill in 1791.

This period is defined by a search for new sounds and experimentation (modernism), yet also pleasing audiences (jazz).

This is known as “comic opera.” Its heroes are working-class and it made fun of aristocrats and the people-in-charge.

This composer was called the “March King.” He composed The Stars and Stripes Forever, the national march of America.

Known as 12-tone composition. The composer uses a “tone row” of all 12 pitches that can't repeat, but can be changed.

This term refers to matching hexachords from different permutations of a tone row to create new tone rows.

A letter to Beethoven’s brothers describing his deafness and how he would strive to overcome it.

This 20th-Century composer was a devout Catholic and was inspired by birdsong. Composed the Quartet for the End of Time.

This atonal song cycle by Schoenberg takes lyrics from poetry by Albert Giraud and is based on a clown figure.

This 20th-Century genre came from marches. Features a “swinging” melody put against an unswung rhythmic accompaniment.

This 20th-Century composer was associated with minimalism. Composed It’s Gonna Rain (1965) and Piano Phase (1967).

The quick concluding section of a scena ed aria associated with Romantic Italian opera.

This German Romantic composer was associated with absolute music.  Used Classical forms with Romantic expression.

A term that describes music that avoids establishing a central pitch or tonal center.

This avant-garde genre used real sounds as a basis for new timbres. Ex: Le Caine’s Dripsody (1955) uses a drop of water.

This Romantic composer was a piano virtuoso and was inspired by Paganini. Invented the symphonic poem genre.

This 20th-Century American composer embraced dissonance and collage. His day job was selling insurance.

An instrumental genre that means “study.” Chopin and other Romantic composers turned them into concert pieces.

This Finnish composer was nationalistic. Some of his stories are from The Kalevala, a collection of Finnish myths.

This composer composed the first African-American symphonic work performed by a major orchestra: Afro-American Symphony.

This Romantic composer is known as the last of the great German Romantic symphonists. Music is often about binaries.

This 20th-Century composer is known for 4’33”, a piece that calls for the performer to play nothing for the duration.

This term, coined by composer Gunther Schuller, refers to 20th-Century classical music inspired by jazz and pop.

This 20th-Century genre grew from African-American roots and emerged from New Orleans, known as the "cradle of [this]".

An artistic movement that expresses the human psyche’s darkest emotions. Ex. Schoenberg’s Pierrot Lunaire (1912).

This period in history valued melody, emotion, nature, and independence.

This is a musical idea that signifies something extra-musical. Typically used in operas.

This 1913 ballet by Stravinsky is also known as Le Sacre du Printemps. Emphasizes polytonality.

This 20th-Century composer was inspired by jazz. Criticized for not being a modernist, but was popular with audiences.

This Romantic composer was associated with concert overtures and followed classical models. Ex. Hebrides Overture (1830)

This genre told stories through dance and music, not dialogue. Tchaikovsky is a major composer of this.

This 1958 article by Milton Babbitt defended avant-garde. Title comes from his editors renaming it against his wishes.

A 20th-century movement returning to older forms, clearer texture, and tonal music. Ex. Prokofiev’s Classical Symphony.

Associated with The Rite of Spring; “a rejection of self-imposed, arbitrary conventions of Western Culture.”

This composer was an ethnomusicologist; used folk elements. Music for Strings, Perc., and Celesta was in The Shining.

This Classical composer is the “Father” of both the symphony and the string quartet.

This genre is made of dances in modular form, which is made of several strands that can be repeated or inserted at will.

A Romantic vocal genre for voice and piano; often takes lyrics from poetry.

This 1925 atonal opera by Alban Berg is about an army officer who goes mad and m*rders his unfaithful partner.

This Soviet composer began with dissonant, yet tonal music. Known for his music for the film Alexander Nevsky.

This 1859 opera by Wagner featured the Tristan Chord leitmotif and the “endless melody” technique.

This type of minimalism places musical elements out of time to create new sounds. Ex. Reich’s It’s Gonna Rain (1965).

This French term described Classical music as charming and sophisticated, with simple melodies.

This orchestral genre had one movement and was often connected to outside plots, scenes, or poems.

This German opera composer was highly anti-se mitic and was dissatisfied by traditional opera (such as bel canto).

This Romantic composer based his Symphonie fantastique on his real-life rejection by Irish actress Harriet Smithson.

This 20th-century movement focused on colors, not musical lines. Used octatonic, pentatonic, and whole tone scales.