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The Fall of the GDR Flashcards | StudBud
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The Fall of the GDR
The Fall of the GDR
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Year 12 will have a (ka)hoot of a time.
Flashcards
82 cards
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Questions
82
Answers
1
A big advantage to the GDR was the low rent. It was often no more than ___% of income.
10%
12%
2%
5%
2
What approach did Honecker favour to sort out economic stagnation?
Re-centralised planning
De-centralised planning
Centralised planning
Contrapuntal planning
3
What did Gorbachev favour as a solution to the GDR's economic problems?
A return to the ESS
Some sort of confederation between the GDR and FRG
An alliance with other communist countries opposing reform
4
When did peace groups start to grow in the GDR?
After the failure of Détente
After the threat of war with the FRG
After the Prague Spring
After compulsory military training was put in the curriculum
5
Between 1958-1971, how many homes were built annually in the GDR?
90,000-100,000
60,000-70,000
80,000-90,000
70,000-80,000
6
Who had better pensions (60-80% of final salaries!)
Public servants
Workers in industry
7
What was raised in 1971?
Ban on travelling to West Berlin
The minimum wage
Requirements to qualify for pensions
The roof
8
More than two-thirds of new buildings or renovations were in what sort of area?
Urban
Rural
9
Why did the FRG give the GDR loans in the 1980s?
The failure of Detente suggested a return to the Cold War
They wanted to offset the threat of invasion from the GDR
Willy Brandt was blackmailed by Stasi agents
They didn't want the GDR destabilised like others in Europe
10
When did the GDR end?
3 October 1991
3 November 1990
3 October 1990
3 November 1991
11
Who is going to have a evening in the sun enjoying themselves?
Me
Mr Wong
Not Mr Wong
Not me
12
True or false: The IFM was the first protest group wholly independent of the Churches.
True
False
13
Kuhle (2008) the protestant Church was crucial for organising dissent as it provided _____?
A captive audience every Sunday
An umbrella under which activists could operate.
Hideouts for those running from the law.
Tea and biscuits at meetings
14
What made the GDR's national debt worse?
GDR imported Western technology on credit but couldn't repay
Limited demand for GDR's products outside the Soviet bloc
Rising interest rates on foreign debt
Inefficient production techniques
15
By 1982, how many East Germans belonged to a sports club?
1.9 million
3.2 million
800,000
4.1 million
16
From the mid-1980s Gorbachev's reforms in the USSR stimulated human rights groups in the GDR.
False
True
17
What were the reasons for the GDR's sporting success?
The extreme emphasis on identifying talented children early
Strictly disciplined training at special schools
A stronger commitment to female athletes than the West
Doping
18
What % of people in Dresden 1980 were happy in older accommodation?
49%
28%
17%
35%
19
How do you feel about purple, floral printed shirts?
They're pretty awesome, I want to buy one
They're a bit naff
Not for me, but other people can pull them off
20
The main emphasis of healthcare in the GDR was:
Clinical medicine
Sports
Preventative medicine
Promotion of healthy lifestyles
21
Who were 'Ulbricht's children'?
Those Ulbricht had groomed to be in leading positions
The GDR army.
The Honecker administration
25-40 y/old grown up during liberalism and Ostpolitik period
22
The Initiative for Peace and Human Rights (IFM) played a key role in calling for what?
More democracy
Freedom to travel
The ousting of Honecker
Supporting the government position on human rights
23
Why was lignite bad?
It caused very high pollution because of its sulphur levels
Lignite was inefficient in providing energy
It had to be imported from Poland, driving costs up
It wasn't; it was the perfect solution to the GDR's problems
24
True or false: Environmental pollution led to more bronchial disorders and worse developing.
True
False
25
What percentage did oil products account for in the GDR's export earnings from the West?
23%
55%
33%
44%
26
In 1959 the basic unit of secondary education (6-16) in the GDR was formed: the _____
Institute
Academy
Polytechnic
Technical College
27
True or false: Koko once spent 2 million Ostmarks on foreign apples.
False
True
28
Why was the minimum wage raised?
To make the people happier
To raise productivity
To bring it in line with other COMECON countries
Inflation
29
What did Honecker favour as a solution to the GDR's economic problems?
An alliance with other communist countries opposing reform
A return to the ESS
Some sort of confederation between the GDR and FRG
30
There were often shortfalls of...
Different drugs and medicines
Electricity in hospitals
Doctors
Specialist equipment
31
Why did consumer expectations rise in the 1980s?
The abundance of over trained workers
The Five Year Plan
Belief in the GDR's propaganda that they were world leaders
Rising awareness of the quality of goods on sale in the West
32
When did the Berlin Wall come down?
10 November 1989
11 November 1989
8 November 1989
9 November 1989
33
How much did employees and employers pay for National Insurance?
20% of their gross income
10% of their gross income
5% of their gross income
15% of their gross income
34
What did the 1982 'Berlin Appeal' produced by a dissident (Havemann) and pastor (Eppelmann) do?
Promoted the introduction of lessons on 'peace' in schools
Opposed the sale of military toys
Promoted the withdrawal of all foreign troops from Germany
Proposed a national debate on peace
35
True or false: Most opposition groups sought full regime change.
True
False
36
Healthcare in the GDR was comprehensive and based on two principles:
Communities need to be healthy to avoid the epidemics of 19C
Communities need to be healthy for a stronger nation
Individuals need to be healthy to follow the communist ideal
Individuals need to be healthy so they could produce more
37
Why had pensions been comparatively neglected during the Ulbricht years?
Pensioners were non-productive.
Pensioners had actively campaigned against Ulbricht
Pensioners were not worth the investment due to frail health
Most pensioners had huge pensions
38
By 1989 the Stasi were...
Powerless to stop opposition movements
Just as powerful as before in crushing opposition
Supporting opposition movements
Unwilling to stop opposition movements
39
Honecker (in 1989): the GDR are among the top 10 world economic performers! Gorbachev: ___
Openly snorted in derision
Applauded loudly
Subtly started laughing
Didn't react
40
Which basic items were in short supply?
Rubber gloves
Bedpans
Tissues
Syringes
41
What did Koko (est. 1966) do?
Buy foreign imports where there were domestic shortages
Maintain a secret fund of money for covert purposes
Bring hard currency into the GDR outside the normal channels
Bring modern technology into the GDR
42
By 1989, there was a waiting list of 800,000 for what aspect of housing?
Extensions
Mortgages
Repairs
New homes
43
What were the fundamental problems in education?
No Kahoot
Emphasis on technical skills = poor engagement with the arts
Huge pressure for ideological conformity caused resentment
The workforce became over-qualified
44
How was healthcare funded in the GDR?
It was completely privately funded.
It was completely free of charge. Danke, comrade!
It was funded through a system of National Insurance
45
1 in 7 of older homes in Leipzig lacked which of the following amenities in 1984?
Hot water
Bath/shower
Ventilation
Indoor toilet
46
In which decades was there a significant development in opposition groups throughout the GDR?
1950s and 1960s
1960s and 1970s
1970s and 80s
1980s
47
How did most East Germans view West German success in sports?
Anger at being outshone
Rioting in the street
Apathy
They would celebrate it equally
48
Complete the following sentence by President Ronald Reagan: "
Mr Gorbachev
..."
"Bring on the wall!"
"Bring down this wall!"
"Tear down this wall!"
"Let's play volleyball!"
49
How did the SED justify its high spending on Social Welfare?
Members still believed in the power of central planning
Members still believed that the USSR would help financially
Members still linked better social welfare to productivity
Members still believed their own propaganda on the economy
50
Centralised planning produced no threat to central authority, and could be seen as...
Ideology outweighing performance
Outweighing performance ideology
Performance outweighing ideology
Outweighing ideology performance
51
True or False: The GDR's focus on oil exports directly lead to a deterioration in road surfaces
False
True
52
In Schwedt, Eisenhiittenstadt and Guben how many of the residents worked in the new factories?
100%
52-55%
75-83%
53
How much of the housing stock in major cities had been destroyed or damaged during the war?
1/3
2/3
3/4
1/2
54
In 1970 the GDR's debt to capitalist countries was DM 2.2 billion; what was the debt by 1980?
DM 5 billion
DM 30 billion
DM 46 billion
DM 15 billion
55
On 30 October 1989 after the dismissal of Honecker, a further confidential memo suggested that:
The GDR debt was now 100 billion Ostmarks
Half of all industrial facilities and machines were obsolete
The average productivity was 35 per cent of that of the FRG.
Half of the transport infrastructure was decayed
56
In the 1950s schools were entirely reorganised into a comprehensive system, except for:
Elite schools for cadet training
Elite schools for athletes
Elite schools for gifted students
Elite schools for training intelligence agents
57
What did you need (other than the abitur) to get into university?
A good political record
Little or no religious conviction.
A personal recommendation from the Communist Party
Bribes
58
What did the
Law for the Democratisation of German Schools (1946)
do?
Enforced a state-mandated curriculum
Abolish privileges for the children of wealthy parents.
Remove the influence of religion
Create an independent school commissioning board
59
What was the GDR's official name for its doping program?
DTSB
State Plan 14.25
Do Opiates, Pursue Excellence
Sportunterstützung
60
How long was the Berlin Wall up?
30 years
27 years
28 years
29 years
61
1 million people (1/7 of the workforce) benefited from the raising of the minimum wage.
False
True
62
The healthcare system was often less robust in addressing:
Suicide
Mental health problems
Alcoholism
Cancer
63
True or false: the Education system focused solely on preparing students for work.
True
False
64
The overarching problems with Healthcare were:
Increased costs
An ageing population
The threat of war
Greater expectations
65
When did Honecker succeed Ulbricht?
1972
1973
1970
1971
66
What were the consequences of the loans from the FRG?
The GDR became more creditworthy
More generous allocation of exit permits to the FRG
Dismantling of automatic killing devices on the border
An end to any shoot-to-kill policy on the border
67
By 1972 private enterprise accounted for less than 0.1% of the goods produced in the GDR.
False
True
68
Unless it was sanctioned by the SED, it was illegal to meet up in groups of how many?
5 or more
11 or more
10 or more
6 or more
69
Why would disruption in trade between the GDR and the USSR and COMECON be significant?
The GDR received 70% of its raw materials from the USSR
1975-1985 the USSR took 29-34 % of the GDR's foreign trade
COMECON took much of the GDR's industrial output
It could lead to the USSR invading to requisition resources
70
The 'Social Contract' offered better living conditions and social welfare in return for...
Technical and scientific developments
National conscription
Accepting the regime
Increased productivity
71
True or false: Crime rates were lower in these new cities due to improved living conditions.
True
False
72
The FRG gave the GDR two substantial loans in the 1980s:
DM 750 million in 1985
DM 1 billion in 1983.
DM 3 billion in 1982.
DM 950 million in 1984.
73
How much did pensions increase by during 1971-72?
20%
50%
15%
70%
74
Over the course of the 1970s the number of dwellings with inside toilets rose from 36% to what?
70%
80%
75%
60%
75
Why did the SED promote sport?
To give people pride in the state
To boost workplace productivity through increased health
To distract from wider problems in the country.
To replace the healthcare system
76
From which Olympics did the GDR enter the Olympic Games as a separate country to the FRG?
1972 Munich Olympics
1976 Montreal Olympics
1968 Mexico Olympics
1964 Tokyo Olympics
77
Who got better healthcare provision?
Teachers
Scientists
Political elite
Informants
78
What was a ‘Plattenbauen’?
One of the new industrial towns in the GDR made in the 1970s
Black market dealer in repairs for housing
Cheap and quickly made tower blocks made of concrete slabs.
A housing warden
79
What were the key points of the 1981—85
Five-year Plan?
To diversify the GDR's exports to protect domestic markets
To speed up scientific and technological advances
To hold down the level of imports while increasing exports
To reduce domestic energy consumption
80
In it's drive for greater efficiency, what did
the 5 year plan 1981-1985
set out to do?
Double the production of refined oil products to 66%
Reduce domestic consumption of energy by 6.1%
Minimise price rises
Expand the volume of consumer retail goods by 20-23%
81
What was lignite?
The name of loans from the FRG
Cheap brown coal
The trade agreement between USSR and GDR regarding oil
82
The GDR's infant mortality rate _____
Fell
Rose
