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Themes in the Study of Life
Themes in the Study of Life
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1
A controlled experiment is one that
is always supervised by an experienced scientist
includes experimental groups and and control group tested in parallel
is repeated many times to make sure the results are accurate
proceeds slowly enough that a scientist can make careful observations
2
A form of regulation in which accumulation of an end product of a process slows that process is called positive feedback
False
True
3
A theory in science is equivalent in scope to a well-structured hypothesis.
True
False
4
Which of the following properties or processes do we associate with living things?
growth and development
responding to the environment
all of the above
energy processing
5
Organisms interact w/ their environments, exchanging matter & energy...plant chloroplasts convert the sun's energy into
the energy of motion
carbon dioxide and water
the potential energy of chemical bonds
oxygen
6
Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?
the universality of the genetic code
the structure of the nucleus
the ubiquitous use of catalysts by living systems
the structure of chloroplasts
7
In terms of the hierarchical organization of life, a bacterium is at the ? level, whereas a human is at the ?
single-celled organism; multicellular organism
single organelle; organism
organelle; organ system
single tissue; multicellular organism
8
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback regulation?
The hormones insulin and glucagon regulate blood sugar levels.
A rise in temperature when you exercise
A rise in CO2 in the atmosphere correlates with increasing global temps
The birth of a baby
9
All of the following statements are part of Charles Darwin's concept of natural selection EXCEPT
Every org has the potential to produce < offspring than can be supported
Characteristics of organisms are inherited as genes on chromosomes.
Better adapted members of a species will survive & reproduce > successfully
Most individuals in a species do not survive to reproduce.
10
The application of scientific knowledge for some specific purpose is known as
anthropologic science
pure science
deductive science
technology
11
Which of the following is qualitative data?
The plant's height is 25 centimeters (cm).
The six pairs of robins hatched an average of three chicks.
The fish swam in a zig-zag motion.
The contents of the stomach are mixed every 20 seconds.
12
Science requires that a hypothesis be testable and falsifiable and that observations be repeatable.
False
True
13
In hypothesis-based science, deductive reasoning is used to predict a result found if a hypothesis is correct
True
False
14
The core idea that makes sense of the unity and all the diversity of life is
the scientific method
inductive reasoning
deductive reasoning
evolution
15
Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?
Hypotheses and theories are essentially the same thing.
Theories are hypotheses that have been proven.
Hypotheses are narrow in scope; theories have broader explanatory powers.
Hypotheses are guesses; theories are correct answers.
16
Which of the following is/are true of natural selection?
requires genetic variation
all of the above
results in descent with modification
involves differential reproductive success
17
Systems biology is mainly an attempt to
simplify complex probs by reducing the system into smaller, less complex 1s
speed up the technological application of scientific knowledge.
construct models of the behavior of entire biological systems.
build high-throughput machines for the rapid acquisition of biological data
18
Discovery science has contributed much to our understanding of nature without most of the steps of the scientific method
False
True
19
Energy leaves the ecosystem in the form of
light
plants
heat
consumers
20
Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?
schematic biology
informatics
genomic
taxonomy
21
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?
a membrane-bound nucleus
linear chromosomes made of DNA and proteins
flagella or cilia made of microtubules
ribosomes
22
Which of the following represents the correct sequence in life's hierarchical levels, proceeding upward.
molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organism
organ, tissue, organ system, organism, population
organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphere
tissue, cell, organ, organism, community
23
Recent evidence points to the conclusion that ancestral finches of the Galapagos Islands originated in the Caribbean.
False
True
24
The goal of systems biology is to construct models to predict the emergent properties of cells.
False
True
25
Why is it important that an experiment include a control group?
Without one, there is no basis for knowing which variable is responsible
The control group provides a reserve of experimental subjects.
A control group assures that an experiment will be repeatable.
A control group is required for the development of and "if, then" statement
26
Which of the following statements concerning prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is NOT correct?
Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
DNA is present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells contain small membrane-enclosed organelles.
Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus.
27
The method of scientific inquiry that describes natural structures & processes thru careful observation & data analysis
hypothesis-based science
qualitative science
discovery science
experiment science
28
Discovery science uses inductive reasoning to derive generalizations from a large number of specific observations.
False
True
29
The dynamics of any ecosystem include the following major processes:
the flow of energy from sunlight to producers, then consumers, then recycle
the flow of energy from sunlight to producers and then to consumers
the recycling of chemical nutrients
the flow of energy from sunlight to producers
30
Charles Darwin presented verifiable evidence that supported the view that life can arise by spontaneous generation.
False
True
31
Which of these is reflective of the hierarchical organization of life from most to least inclusive?
class, order, kingdom, phylum, family, genus, species
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
genus, species, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family
phylum, class, order, kingdom, family, genus, species
32
The ultimate source of energy in most ecosystems is
sunlight
animals
heat
producers
