AP World Quiz #1

Monotheistic

Teachings were written down by his followers in the Analects which describe how people should behave in everyday life.

Political

Moving up in the case system depends on fulfilling dharma (duty) and gaining karma (doing good deeds)

Cultural

Work for the good of others & Respect Life

Political

They transformed China's government by creating a civil service exam. Required students to analyze Confucian teachings

Although there was conflict, the development of government provided a more peaceful way to settle conflicts

believed in enlightenment and reincarnation but rejected the caste system and only Brahmins can reach enlightenment

Those who scored well received prestigious jobs. Produced a well-educated government of & allowed social mobility

A government in which one authority controls the running of a state.

He spread knowledge of the law by inscribing his edicts on pillars throughout the empire.

They standardized Chinese script, established a uniform system of weights and measures, and built canals and roads.

Technology

He is one of the few powerful rulers in history who converted from one faith—Hinduism—to Buddhism.

became a Golden Age of Chinese history. China was more peaceful and its population grew.

has been the unifier for South Asia from Indus River Valley to now

Political

decision-making processes are dispersed throughout the system rather than being concentrated on one person/group

The first period of unity in South Asia 322 BCE-187 BCE. It reached its high point during the rule of Ashoka.

The religion and moral laws of the Hebrews would have an enormous influence on Western culture.

Hebrews originated in an area near Mesopotamia called Canaan (modern day Israel).

People became more sharply divided into social classes by wealth and occupation. Status of women declined.

In public hospitals, physicians made advances in medicine, such as using inoculations to prevent disease.

Cultural

They believe in reincarnation (people are reborn into another form)

Chinese science&technology prospered, producing such developments as the magnetic compass, paper, & the sternpost rudder

The way to end all suffering is to end all desires by following the Eightfold Path

Population grew. People lived in larger settlements that eventually developed into cities.

Political

In return for God's help in escaping Egypt, Moses agreed to a new covenant: the Hebrews must obey the Ten Commandments.

Technology

Know Truth, Say nothing to hurt others, Practice Meditation, Control Thoughts, Resist Evil, Free Your Mind of Evil

Interactions with the Environment

Technology

based on search for perfect understanding called moksha (enlightenment) & liberation from the human world.

China regained stability in this dynasty by establishing centralized control.

Political

Covenant: Abraham promised he & his descendents would obey God in return God would protect them.

Social

What two religions were developed in the Indus River Valley (South Asia)?

Caste system as well as religious beliefs had enormous impact on life. It determined cleanliness, eating, clothing

Believe in thousands of gods, but 3 are supreme: Brahma (the Creator), Vishnu (the Preserver), and Shiva (the Destroyer)

His conversion helped spread faith throughout India. After him, the Mauryan Empire soon declined in power

Political

Economics

Cultural

Created more extensive governments & taxation. Desire to keep records about trade & taxes led to invention of writing.

Interaction Between Humans and Environment

Interactions with the Environment

The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering

During Warring States period the philosopher K'ung Fu-tzu was born. He lived around the same time as the Buddha in India

Technology

The way to nirvana/enlightenment is the Eightfold Path which are considered the teaching of Siddhartha Gautama.

Social

disasters were a sign to Chinese people that the ruler had lost it. Several major peasant uprisings resulted due to this

Economic

Patriarchal social structure. Emphasized filial piety, the duty of people to honor their ancestors.

People became highly skilled at one job. Artisans made tools&weapons. Merchants traded. Priests conducted rituals.

Siddhartha Gautama was son of a noble family in Nepal. He abandoned noble life at age 29 to search for religious truth

Technology

Most of trade was in luxury items such as spices, gems, precious metals, tea, and, most famously, silk.

Culture

The second period of unity in South Asia from 320 C.E. to 550 C.E. Referred to as the Golden Age of India.

Changes provided the foundation for increased trade and prosperity.

Siddhartha Gautama was son of a noble family in Nepal. He abandoned noble life to search for end of life's suffering

Siddhartha wandered India for six years; he fasted, debated with holy men, and meditated.

Spread from South Asia to Southeast & East Asia

Mathematicians developed a numbering system that combined a small number of symbols, 0-9, and the idea of place value.

Competition for resources & accumulation of wealth increased group conflicts.

To unify people, it strongly supported Hinduism. Hinduism is the most common religion in India today.

Interactions Between Humans in the Environment

Social

Economic

Economic

There is no single text but rather several written works that explore philosophy of this religion: Vedas and Upanishads

Economics

Social

Buddha delivered a sermon on his understanding of the cause of the world's suffering called the "Four Noble Truths"

According to Hebrew belief, God chose Abraham, a shepherd from Mesopotamia, to be the father of the Hebrews.

Cultural

the idea that "heaven," or some universal force, provided the justifcation for an emperor and his family to rule China.

lower castes & women were attracted to this religion because they could achieve enlightenment without being elite

He promoted prosperity by creating an efficient tax system and by building roads that connected commercial centers.

Technology

Why did religion & trade dominate South Asia's influence on Southeast Asia?

Siddhartha's teachings to reach nirvana.

After meditating, Siddhartha achieved enlightenment. From this moment on he was known as "Buddha" or "Enlightened One"

Social

Analects don't focus on deity. It focused on education, benevolence, virtue, respect for those with authority

Under a centralized government in Pataliputra, a city in northwestern India, intellectual and cultural life flourished.

Only upper portion of the caste system (Brahmins) can achieve moksha.

Technology

Technology

Hebrews who made the change from nomads to settled farmers, herders, and city dwellers and the Torah

Life is filled with suffering and sorrow. The cause of suffering is selfish desire for temporary pleasures of the world.

People developed new technology. Learned how to improve irrigation systems & make use of the wheel in transportation

Culture

The teachings affected Chinese beliefs and values more than any other philosophy.