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End of WWII-End of Cold War Flashcards | StudBud
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End of WWII-End of Cold War
End of WWII-End of Cold War
66 terms
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StudBud Administration
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132 plays
Truman, Ike, JFK, LBJ, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Sino relations, Cold War
Flashcards
66 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Eisenhower’s Secretary of State was
Henry Kissinger
Joseph McCarthy
John Foster Dulles
Richard Nixon
2
There was considerable backlash against Charter 77 mainly because Czechoslovakia had a strict communist leader in power
False
True
3
Why was the US only able to offer money and supplies to the French in 1950 during their fight with the Vietminh?
That’s all they requested.
France had lost at Dien Bien Phu and the US was focusing on the next step
US forces were occupied in Korea.
The Republicans had cut back aid to all foreign nations.
4
Which of the following would be most likely to accept money from the Marshall Plan?
South Korea
France
Hungary
Czechoslovakia
5
All of the following impelled the US to end Jacobo Arbenz Guzman’s rule in Guatemala except when he
distributed a lot of land owned by the United Fruit Company to farmers
purchased military supplies from Czechoslovakia
led a coup to overthrow Jorge Ubico
tried to take over the Panama Canal
6
The Truman Doctrine was the result of
Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech
The Berlin Blockade
Turmoil in Greece and Turkey
The CCP’s victory in China
7
The policy of Perestroika refers to
democratizing the Soviet culture
efforts to curtail the excessive drinking of Russians
restructuring the Soviet economy and politics
allowing for greater openness and freedoms
8
Operation Ryan led the US to believe that the Soviets were planning a nuclear strike leading to the Able Archer crisis
False
True
9
Russia supported India in its 1959 clash with China concerned that a victorious China would increase its power.
True
False
10
Why did Diem cancel the election in Vietnam in 1957 that was supposed to occur three years earlier?
He knew Ho Chi Minh would win resulting in a unified, Communist Vietnam
The UN would not step in to oversee the election.
Ho Chi Minh threatened him if he allowed it to go through.
He felt that the balloting system would not allow for a fair election.
11
At the end of the Second Taiwan Straight Crisis,
Mao had expressed his dislike of Khrushchev’s policies towards the West
Mao was able to learn just how far the US would go to protect Taiwan
All of the above
China agreed to only bomb Quemoy and Matsu on odd numbered days
12
One of the most important factors allowing a ceasefire to be called in the Korean War was that
Ridgway replaced MacArthur
Stalin died
Colombia released its POWs
Eisenhower replaced Truman
13
Vietnamization
.reestablished some limits on executive power
included the gradual withdrawal of American troops from Vietnam
created a coalition government in Vietnam after the French left
led to the bombing of the Ho Chi Minh Trail
14
Why was the Marshall Plan eventually abandoned?
Funding was needed to help with the Berlin Airlift
Eisenhower came into office and did not like money being sent to Europe
The fund ran out of its allocated money
Funding was needed for military actions in Korea
15
The Tet offensive marked a major turning point in the Vietnam War because
U.S. forces scored a major military victory.
the Vietminh scored a major military victory.
U.S. forces scored a major political victory.
the Vietcong scored a major political victory.
16
The relationship between China and the Soviet Union became much worse after Khrushchev took over for Brezhnev.
False
True
17
Dubbed the “Velvet Revolution” because of its peaceful nature, the successful 1989 uprising was in _____
Romania
Poland
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
18
Which President oversaw the assassination of Diem, or at least didn’t try to stop it?
Eisenhower
Truman
Kennedy
Johnson
19
The policy of Glasnost refers to
efforts to curtail the excessive drinking of Russians
allowing for greater openness and freedoms
restructuring the Soviet economy and politics
democratizing the Soviet culture
20
Following the removal of the Japanese from the Korean peninsula, the US supported ______ as the leader in the South
Ho Chi Minh
Kim Il-Sung
Ngo Dinh Diem
Syngmann Rhee
21
All of the following allowed the Republicans to win the mid-term election of 1946 and capture Congress except
Republicans blamed a poor economy/high inflation on Democratic leadership
Disagreements with labor leaders created a rift in the Democratic party.
Truman was called soft on Communism after China fell.
Truman wasn’t “elected” by the voters.
22
Soviet leaders, in order after Khrushchev, were Brezhnev, Andropov and Chernenko
False
True
23
Idea to remove the president from some of the decision-making that went into some CIA ‘questionable’ activities
Mutually Assured Destruction
Plausible Deniability
Brinkmanship
Massive Retaliation
24
The explosion at Chernobyl
was caught early and had no impact many due to international assistance
brought harsh criticism from everywhere because it was so poorly handled.
caused the immediate deaths of 150,000 Russians and another 250,000 later
was the result of a natural disaster so the Russians deflected blame.
25
As the Solidarity movement grew in Poland in the early 1980s, Moscow did not intervene to suppress the group because
it was occupied with the leadership challenge from Mao.
hard-liners felt that the Gdansk Agreement would end the movement
the military was already engaged in Afghanistan.
they knew it would die out since Lech Walesa had been imprisoned.
26
During the reconversion of the economy following WWII, what concern arose when factory workers went on strike?
That workers wouldn’t be able to afford new items like televisions.
That unemployment might climb back to Great Depression-era levels.
That communist ideas might be working into the US.
That whole sectors of the economy could never recover.
27
Kennan’s Long Telegram claimed the Soviets were hostile to the West, leading to the adoption of the Containment policy.
False
True
28
After Khrushchev visited the US in 1959, Mao began looking for "true" Marxist allies, eventually finding one in
Albania
Yugoslavia
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
29
When Gorbachev told the Warsaw Pact nations to take their own path forward in 1987, he was effectively rescinding
Glasnost
the Brezhnev Doctrine
the Communist Manifesto
the Commonwealth of Independent States
30
One reason people questioned the power of the UN after the Korean War was because
The N. Korean army refused to stop invading S. Korea despite UN warnings.
The UN refused to help rebuild Korea after the Japanese were removed.
The Soviets refused to discuss cease-fire terms with UN peacemakers.
North Korea refused to allow them to monitor the 1948 election.
31
Many people have suspected that Truman’s surprise victory in 1948 was due to
The passage of several last-minute civil rights laws
The Dixiecrats breaking away from the Democrats
Thomas Dewey’s previous connections to Communist organizations
The unexpected turnaround of the economy
32
Eisenhower’s adoption of the New Look Policy meant that
The country would focus on developing more nuclear weapons.
Covert Operations would be phased out as the Navy took over those missions.
The army would get a larger cut of the annual defense budget.
The US would be spending less of its budget on the military.
33
When Churchill and FDR signed the Atlantic Charter, the US was involved in WW II, after recently declaring war on Japan.
False
True
34
All of the following contributed to the US participating in the Korean War except
the adoption of the Containment policy
The UN’s refusal to recognize China as a member
China sending a volunteer army across the border to help the North Koreans
Pressure from US politicians calling the democrats soft on Communism
35
All of the following were passed during LBJ’s presidency except
Voting Rights Act
Civil Rights Act
Whistleblower Protection Act
Endangered Species Preservation Act
36
While many of the 1989 uprisings were peaceful, that was certainly not the case in Nicolae Ceausescu’s
Poland
Czechoslovakia
Romania
Hungary
37
Following the Bay of Pigs invasion,
Castro sought increased assistance from the Soviets.
the US halted all covert operations in Cuba.
JFK’s popularity soared.
the US avoided criticism since it had no role.
38
Which of the following was supported by Mikhail Gorbachev?
the start of the Afghanistan War
the invasion of the Falkland Islands
the end of the Reagan presidency
the spread of Glasnost to Eastern Europe
39
After Erich Honecker was forced to resign his post, free travel was soon allowed between
Romania and Austria
East Germany and Hungary
East and West Berlin
Hungary and Austria
40
The last-ditch effort coup and kidnapping by Soviet hardliners failed because
Gorbachev managed to escape the secret compoundhe was being held in
Yeltsin had a heart-attack effectively ending any chance it had at success
NATO forces rescued Gorbachev and reinstated him as the rightful leader
Police refused to crack down on the public protesting against new leaders
41
Resistance to communism in Poland in the 1980s focused on the refusal to allow non-governmental labor unions
True
False
42
All of the following are true about the McCarthy era except
“under God” was added to the Pledge of Allegiance
He proved 205 government workers had been spying for the Soviets.
The country became more conservative during and after his hearings.
Hollywood stars were placed on the blacklist and weren’t hired for jobs.
43
It upset Stalin when Allies attacked German forces in N. Africa and Italy before attacking the western front in Europe.
False
True
44
What did Reagan launch the largest peacetime buildup of in American history to force negotiations?
surplus wheat
bills in Congress
the military
U.S. oil reserves
45
Although Nixon’s Shanghai Communique offered many concessions, he refused to accept the “One-China” proposal.
False
True
46
With the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, Congress, in effect,
declared war on North Vietnam.
handed its war powers to the president.
increased aid to North Vietnam.
committed to a limited war only.
47
Initially hidden, the Chernobyl explosion gained world-wide attention after Finland discovered nuclear fallout
True
False
48
The collapse of the Soviet economy was due to
Boris Yeltsin’s attack on the Communist Party in Russia.
years of inefficient central planning and huge expenditures on arms
revolutions in Eastern Europe and the destruction of the Berlin Wall.
Reagan’s “trickle-down economics.”
49
Reagan followed the foreign policy of
détente
containment
strict constructionism
peace through strength
50
The Brezhnev Doctrine stated that
future Soviet leaders must be vetted by a board of elder communists.
USSR could use Warsaw Pact to stop threats to socialist countries in Europe
China would stop receiving military/economic aid after the 1969 Border War
USSR was the one true Marxist country, an obvious shot at China and Mao
51
Following the lead of E. European nations, many of the Soviet Socialist Republics such as ___ also started to break away
Siberia, Czechoslovakia and Finland
Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
East Germany, China and Vietnam
Hungary, Romania and Ukraine
52
All of the following were important outcomes of the Cuban Missile Crisis except
The Soviets agreed to remove the warheads from Cuba
The US agreed to stop meddling in Cuba
Castro gained power on the world stage
The US agreed to remove warheads from Turkey
53
The Alliance for Progress was considered a failure mainly because
JFK hated it so it was never funded.
Funds were sent to small businesses who squandered the money.
Soviet spies convinced the countries to reject the plan.
Not a single country committed to a comprehensive development plan.
54
Sino-American relations improved after Nixon opened unofficial diplomatic channels through intermediaries in Poland
True
False
55
The relationship between US and USSR was not helped after Reagan referred to the USSR as the ___ in a 1983 speech.
“borscht mongers”
“axis of malice”
“evil empire”
“godless society”
56
Many in the Soviet politburo initially applauded when Mikhail Gorbachev took over the leadership of the USSR because
he had served in Afghanistan
he had an economics degree
he was older and experienced like them
he was part of the nomenklatura
57
What incited Mao to stick Khrushchev in a cruddy, dilapidated house during his 1958 visit?
Mao’s belief that Khrushchev’s ‘peaceful coexistence’ idea was unacceptable
There was a mix-up with accommodations and Khrushchev was quickly moved.
Mao’s desire to show the poor housing conditions for his people.
Mao was mad at the speech Khrushchev had given praising Winston Churchill.
58
What is the Military-Industrial Complex?
Connection between a country's military and the industries making weapons
An idea that Eisenhower warned about in his farewell address.
A collection of businesses encouraged by things such as NSC 68.
All of the above.
59
All of the following were obstacles to JFK getting legislation passed in Congress except
the splintering of the democratic party
Republicans controlled the Senate
he was seen as a too liberal
America was in a more conservative time
60
The Clifford-Elsey Report did all of the following except
Call for strong allies in Europe to check the growth of Communism
Call for positive, pro-capitalist propaganda to be spread throughout Europe
Use ideas found in the Long Telegram to develop the Containment Policy
Push for a large build-up of armaments in the US, Western Europe and Asia.
61
Truman felt he had no choice but to fire Douglas MacArthur after
he called him soft on Communism.
he threatened to use nuclear weapons on North Korea
he proposed a cease-fire to try and end the fighting.
he invaded China.
62
One outcome of the Able Archer 83 incident was that it
impelled Reagan to start developing the Strategic Defense Initiative
forced the Soviets to immediately withdraw forces from Afghanistan.
caused the Soviets to shoot down civilian flight KAL 007.
led to violent uprisings in Romania.
63
As part of his Great Society program, LBJ declared war on
Communists
Republicans
Vietnam
Poverty
64
Churchill and FDR considered it a victory when Stalin agreed to allow open elections in E. Europe at the war’s end
False
True
65
One of the problems between China and USSR centered on the Soviet’s refusal to share nuclear secrets with the Chinese
True
False
66
After Stalin died, Mao softened his official stance towards the US but all he really wanted was
loans
land
grain
technology