What is transduction in sensation?

Converting sensory info into electrical signals.

Bottom-up processing....

Stimuli shapes our perception without any pre-conceived ideas.

Which of the following is an example of a perceptual set?

Hearing someone say "bread" and expecting to smell fresh bread.

What does Weber's Law state?

Bigger stimuli need bigger changes to notice.

Algorithm is to ___, while heuristic is to ___.

Step-by-step procedure; shortcut

Which of the following is an example of confirmation bias

Only reading news that supports your opinion.

What does the absolute threshold refer to?

The minimum intensity of a stimulus that can be detected 50% of the time.

What is belief perseverance?

Holding onto a belief even after it's been proven wrong

Robert Sternburge five creative components include___.

Expertise, creativity, risk-taking, motivation, and environment.

Which of the following is an example of the absolute threshold?

Being able to hear a soft whisper 50% of the time in a quiet room.

Which situation best shows the availability heuristic?

Thinking shark attacks are common after watching a shark movie.

What is a perceptual set?

The ability to interpret sensory information based on past experiences.

What is a mental set?

Habit of solving problems using past methods, even if they don’t work now.

Which of the following is an example of transduction?

Feeling pain when you touch a hot stove.

What is the availability heuristic?

Judging something based on how easily it comes to mind

Top-down processing...

Uses background knowledge and expectations to interpret what we see.

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Cognition pt.1

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Questions 29

Answers

1
What is transduction in sensation?
Converting sensory info into electrical signals.
Converting sensory info into electrical signals.
Ignoring irrelevant stimuli.le p
Interpreting stimuli based on experience.
2
Inattentional blinding is failing to see ____ while change blindness is failing to see___.
background information; the overall scene
visible objects; change
details; objects in the background
Change; visible objects
3
You feel a sharp pain in your foot and look down to realize you stepped on a tack.
Top-down Processing
Bottom-up processing
4
You expect to see your friend at the park, so you spot them quickly in the crowd.
Top-down processing pu
Bottom-up processing
5
Using a recipe to bake a cake, is an algorithm.
False
True
6
The SAT requires ___ thinking, while figuring out how many things you can build with bricks require ___ thinking.
Divergent; convergant
Analytical; creative
Creative; analytical
Convergant; divergent
7
Bottom-up processing....
Guessing the meaning of a word based on the context of the sentence.
Interpreting a situation based on your past experiences and expectations.
Uses background knowledge and expectations to interpret what we see.
Stimuli shapes our perception without any pre-conceived ideas.
8
Which of the following is an example of a perceptual set?
Seeing a figure in a foggy image due to unclear sensory input.
Hearing someone say "bread" and expecting to smell fresh bread.
Noticing a loud noise before identifying its source.
Feeling the temperature change when you step outside on a hot day.
9
What does Weber's Law state?
Stimuli must stay the same to perceive changes.
Smaller stimuli need bigger changes to notice.
More sensory input leads to fewer changes noticed.
Bigger stimuli need bigger changes to notice.
10
Algorithm is to ___, while heuristic is to ___.
Trial and error; systematic approach
Quick solution; detailed process
Step-by-step procedure; shortcut
Shortcut; trial and error
11
Which of the following is an example of confirmation bias
Ignoring all information on a topic.
Changing your mind when shown new evidence.
Only reading news that supports your opinion.
Asking others for random advice.
12
What does the absolute threshold refer to?
The minimum intensity of a stimulus that can be detected 50% of the time.
The maximum amount of a stimulus that can be processed by the brain.
The point at which a stimulus is no longer noticeable.
The ability to differentiate between two similar stimuli
13
What is belief perseverance?
Changing your mind after seeing new evidence
Holding onto a belief even after it's been proven wrong
Conformation Bias
Believing something because others do
14
Concepts are to the___, while prototype is to the___.
Category; specific example
Category; feature
Example; category
Definition; example
15
A stereotype is also known as___.
Representativeness Heuristic
Mental Set
Intuition
Conformation Bias
16
Robert Sternburge five creative components include___.
Intelligence, cognitive ability, expertise, creativity, and environment.
Knowledge, flexibility, originality, elaboration, and evaluation.
Memory, problem-solving, insight, innovation, and analysis.
Expertise, creativity, risk-taking, motivation, and environment.
17
Solving a math problem using a set formula, is using a heuristic.
True
False
18
What is another word for "selective attention".
Sensory overload
Multitasking
Cocktail-party effect
Stroop Effect
19
A strong smell in the room doesn't seem strong anymore.
selective attention
psychophysics
Correct Rejection
Sensory adaption
20
Guessing a word in a crossword puzzle, is a heuristic.
True
False
21
Which of the following is an example of the absolute threshold?
Being able to hear a soft whisper 50% of the time in a quiet room.
Noticing the scent of perfume at a distance of 10 feet.
Recognizing a friend's voice in a crowded room.
Feeling a light breeze on your skin when it’s calm outside.
22
Which situation best shows the availability heuristic?
Thinking shark attacks are common after watching a shark movie.
Asking a teacher before trying a new method.
Solving a math problem using a formula.
Choosing a college after reading every brochure.
23
What is a perceptual set?
The ability to detect stimuli below the absolute threshold.
The constant adjustment of sensory input for clarity.
The ability to interpret sensory information based on past experiences.
The process of focusing on one specific stimulus while ignoring others.
24
You see a red, round object, smell something sweet, and realize it’s an apple.
Top-down Processing
Bottom-up Processing
25
What is a mental set?
Habit of solving problems using past methods, even if they don’t work now.
A shortcut that helps with decision-making.
The tendency to ignore irrelevant information.
The ability to think of new and creative solutions.
26
The "Difference Threshhold" refers to the "Just-noticable difference".
False
True
27
Which of the following is an example of transduction?
Feeling pain when you touch a hot stove.
Recognizing a familiar face in a crowd.
Smelling a flower and recognizing its scent.
Seeing a color and interpreting its meaning.
28
What is the availability heuristic?
Judging something based on how easily it comes to mind
Relying on facts and statistics to make decisions
Choosing the most logical option after deep thought
Ignoring past experiences in decision-making
29
Top-down processing...
Uses background knowledge and expectations to interpret what we see.
Stimuli shapes our perception without any pre-conceived ideas.
Guessing the meaning of a word based on the context of the sentence.
Interpreting a situation based on your past experiences and expectations.

Cognition pt.1 Flashcards | StudBud