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Psychology Chapter 10 Flashcards | StudBud
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Psychology Chapter 10
Psychology Chapter 10
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1
According to Robert Sternberg, there are three kinds of intelligence: ____.
a strong record of personal, academic, and vocational achievements
enough business talent to become wealthy and powerful
the willingness to pursue power, wealth, and adventure
componential, experiential, and contextual
2
How has the education of those with mental challenges changed since the 1970s?
Most kids with challenges are included in gen ed classrooms
Many new institutions house and train the challenged
New operant techniques are used, raising IQ by 20 points
Medicine can fix the brain so all kids can receive the same education
3
The results of fraternal and identical twin studies supports to the idea that intelligence level is more influenced by _
genetic endowment
environmental factors
parenting styles
formal education
4
Brain scanning techniques have shown that mentally challenged people often have damage to ____.
parietal and temporal lobes
cerebellum and hippocampus
pons and thalamus
medulla and reticular formation
5
8-year-old Achmed can answer all the questions up to those designed for 10-year-olds. Achmed has a/an ___ of 10.
intelligence quotient
mental age
intellectual age
chronological age
6
According to recent research, about 75 percent of challenges may be described as ____.
caused by unknown factors
the result of genetic defects
due to prenatal maternal chemical abuse
associated with cultural-familial deprivation
7
A good intelligence test is really a test of ____.
interpersonal flexibility
cultural and social information
achievement and knowledge
overall mental ability and potential
8
Bill Gates - above average student but computer genius. Sternberg would describe Gates as possessing high levels of ____
crystallized intelligence
contextual intelligence
experiential intelligence
componential intelligence
9
Wechsler’s concept of a deviation IQ compares a person’s intelligence test score with the ____.
midpoint between the scores of the challenged and the gifted
average scores of children and adolescents
mean score of his or her age peers
median scores of those with very low verbal ability
10
Teri's work is on par with peers but has learned to present herself positively. Which intelligence is she high in?
experiential
intrapersonal
contextual
componential
11
A test that shows an average of a 105 IQ even after being taken several years apart can be described as ___.
standardized
valid
predictive
reliable
12
An Olympic triathlon medal winner is likely to be high in which of Gardner’s intelligences?
interpersonal and bodily-kinesthetic intelligences
spatial and bodily-kinesthetic intelligences
linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences
intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligences
13
The practice of encouraging reproduction by “superior” individuals and preventing reproduction by “inferior” individuals
differential reproduction
mainstreaming
heritability
eugenics
14
Cyril Burt’s data on intelligence among twins are not trustworthy; the MN Study of Twins Reared Apart found correlations
data can't be compared because Burt studied twins raised together
very similar to Burt’s results
dramatically different from Burt but in the same direction
were in the opposite direction of Burt’s results
15
If a test measures what it is supposed to measure, then it is high in ____.
reliability
validity
normality
standardization
16
According to Horn and Cattell, the skills and knowledge you acquire in college will add to your ____.
primary mental abilities
fluid intelligence
crystallized intelligence
g-factor
17
According to Sternberg, those who excel in academic performance & score well on IQ tests have _
contextual intelligence
experiential intelligence
componential intelligence
fluid intelligence
18
Bobby McFerrin is a well-known composer. Gardner would probable describe him as high in ___.
musical, linguistic, and interpersonal intelligences
verbal and performance IQ
componential, experiential, and contextual intelligences
both fluid and crystallized intelligences
19
To make the most accurate prediction of first-year college grade point average, college administrators should use ___
high school grade point averages
scores on the first semester’s final exams
SAT scores
both high school GPAs and SAT scores
20
A comprehensive examination at the end of this course is an example of a/an ____.
differential test
aptitude test
intelligence test
achievement test
21
One who has below-average intelligence but who can do complex math problems mentally would be diagnosed as ___.
an autistic savant
being schizophrenic
an anthropometric genius
profoundly challenged
22
An extra chromosome on the 21st pair of chromosomes leads to ____.
Down syndrome
don't pick this one
PKU
giftedness
23
According to supporters of Project Head Start, African-American children tend to score lower than whites on IQ tests b/c
slavery had long-lasting effects on intellectual ability
African-American children are more likely to come from poor backgrounds
poor parenting hinders intellectual development among African-Americans
there are genetic differences between various ethnic groups
24
The first scientific approach to evaluating mental abilities is credited to ____.
Francis Galton
David Wechsler
Alfred Binet
Lewis Terman
25
The GRE measures verbal, quantitative, and analytical skills. For the most part, the GRE is a/an ___ test.
aptitude
personality
intelligence
achievement
26
The greatest number of the mentally challenged ____.
will remain in institutions for their entire lives
care for themselves, hold jobs, & have social relationships
can take care of themselves, no job or relationships
are unable to speak
27
Research suggesting that there is some truth to intelligent people being “quick-witted” found that ____.
more intelligent people have better senses of humor
more intelligent people can more quickly memorize long lists of material
more intelligent people are faster in cognitive processing
more intelligent people are physically quicker
28
One of the major criticisms of Goddard’s work at Ellis Island was Goddard ____.
did not use a standard intelligence test
didn't translate the test into native languages
discounted the environmental conditions of the immigrants
didn't report the mentally handicapped
29
William Stern developed the idea of the ____ by forming a ratio between mental age and chronological age.
deviation IQ
levels of mental challenges
intelligence quotient
aptitude score
30
Lonnie completes a Wechsler scale and his overall score is 90. What may we conclude?
His IQ is in the normal range.
He is silly
He is mentally retarded.
His IQ is in the gifted range.
31
Only about 3 to 4 percent of all challenged individuals are classified as having ____.
moderate challenges
mild challenges
severe challenges
profound challenges
32
African-American children tend to score lower than whites on IQ tests because _.
adaptation to slavery and then segregation didn't happen
poor parenting hinders intellectual development
there are genetic differences between various ethnic groups
more likely to come from socioeconomically deprived homes
33
If someone scores the same on an IQ test at several different ages, that test is_?
standardized
valid
reliable
predictive
34
Sebastian is 8, he can answer all of the questions up to those designed for 6 year olds. He would be considered ___.
a slow learner
mentally challenged
to have inferior physical abilities
about average in intelligence
35
The results of the longitudinal Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth indicated a ____ among the participants.
high level of achievement and career satisfaction
greater than average rate of physical illness
very high burnout rate
high level of personal problems in adulthood
36
Pregnancies conceived late in the life of the mother run an increased risk of producing a child who has ____.
PKU
cultural-familial challenges
Down Syndrome
greater vulnerability to rubella
37
The most
common
deficit exhibited in those with mental challenges is difficulty in ____.
interpersonal relationships
the use of language
performing repetitive tasks
everyday functioning
38
The study of cognitive and behavioral variation among individuals is called ____.
developmental psychology
cultural psychology
cognitive psychology
differential psychology
39
Definition: The general capacity for purposeful action, rational thought, and effective dealings with the environment
heritability
aptitude
giftedness
intelligence
40
____ is strongly related to fluid intelligence.
Short-term memory
Academic preparation
Environment
Real life experiences