Academic Super Bowl - French Revolution

Who created the stethoscope?

This disease is responsible for killing more of Napoleon's army than Russian soldiers

Who discovered that air is a mixture of gases that included dephlogisticated gas -very reactive

measured solubility in water & specific gravity & combustibility of hydrogen & CO₂

1st attempt to present all knowledge in natural history, geology, & anthropology in 1 spot

Who was elected to the Academy of Sciences in 1779?

The poor people of France had little use for doctors. When they became ill, they________.

His definitive proof by composition and decomposition that water is made of oxygen & hydrogen.

The person who "set bones" for the poor country people was the____.

What property did Joseph Montgolfier propose caused gases from a fire to rise?

he had produced magnetic attraction and repulsion in the complete absence of any magnets.

In an outcrop of sedimentary rock, the fossils get older in age as you move ___.

The cause of mass extinctions can best be explained by?

Balance the following : __HgO → __Hg + __O₂

He would name this group “animals without vertebrae” and invent the term invertebrate.

Premineralization is when......

Lamarck was essentially the first scientists to argue for evolution.

He established the law of conservation of mass

1st to propose that the planets had been created in a collision between the Sun and a comet.

This was a curse to those living near stagnant water.

Cavendish was the first to get an accurate measurement for _______’s density.

he published on the temperature at which mercury freezes & made use of the idea of latent heat

With his notion of lost species he opened the way to the development of paleontology.

proposed that fluorine could be isolated by electrolysis

The remains or evidence of any creature or plant that once lived on earth is called a ______.

Cavendish did research in the following areas

One of the more unusual forms of complete insect preservation is encasement in______.

Which scientist had a military career in 1761?

Index fossils tell us..

One of Cavendish’s many achievements was figuring out the precise measurement of the density of

What type of motion was Fourier's Theorem on?

Grouped elements by their properties 50 yrs before Dmitri Mendeleev produced his periodic table

In order to diagnosis a problem, doctors would

Which of the following was invented in France as a form of communication and is still used now?

Geologist find the same fossils on 2 diff continents in same Sedi Strata - can tell age by?

How did Cuvier set up the foundation of paleontology?

Latent heat is the heat absorb/release when changing from 1 state of matter to another (s,l,g)

Encasement in ________ occurs when these black, sticky substance pits harden over an organism.

A fossil dinosaur footprint is considered a(n)?

The SI unit of electric current is named in his honor.

isolated carbon monoxide (which he called "heavy inflammable air")

physician who invented the stethoscope & perfected the art of auditory exam of the chest cavity

Showed how conduction of heat in solids may be analyzed in terms of infinite mathematical serie

Every combustible substance contained part fire, called phlogiston, (Greek-inflammable)

Montgolfier proposed the theory of levity, but was incorrect. Why does hot air really rise?

The father of Vertebrate Paleontology was____.

Who proved heat and temperature were different things by using a bucket of melting ice?

Common problems encountered by the poor include

The idea of specific heat - heat required to ↑ the temp of a subst by a certain # of degrees.

When a fossil is preserved this means that______.

No flame/mouse dead - no air...add plant/sunlight, air 'refreshed'...mouse/flame alive

Disease was commonplace in France in the 1800s because

realised that air was not the only gas, and discovered carbon dioxide

It took them only an instant to cut off that head, & 100 years may not produce another like it.

Determined the function & structure of organs result from interaction with environment.

A common and accepted panacea for ALL health problems was _______.

Joseph Priestly is credited with discovering what element?

Who reconstructed geologic history in a series of stages?

Which temperature is the warmest?

Pure water boils at 212°F - Convert this to Kelvin

discovered the chemical element fluorine

What causes Kelvin to have no negative temperatures?

A zoologist & statesman, who established the sciences of comparative anatomy and paleontology.

Disagreed with evolution - thought animals had not changed since creation

He explained heat as the result of the motion of matter.

He developed a theory of stellar evolution

Valentin Haüy was the first person to emboss paper as a means of reading for the blind.

Whom proposed the Guillotine on the basis of it being more humane?

He improved the methods of granulating gunpowder.

Herschel theory- stars scattered through space - attractive forces put them into tight clusters

Hypothesized a group of scattered stars was earlier in development than tightly packed stars

He hypothesized that nebulae are composed of stars

What is the relationship between buoyant force and weight so a hot air balloon can fly?

How many botanical volumes did Lamarck write?

This types of rock forms from layers of particles forming together to create layered rocks.

Who showed that air contained an inert gas that was 1/120th of the volume in earth's atmosphere

He discovered the planet Uranus

At what temperature(s) does all molecular motion stop?

Who established extinction as a fact?

French biologist who is best known for his idea that acquired characters are inheritable

known for calcs of density (and weight) of the earth. Known as His Name experiment.

___ rocks form from intense pressure and heat within the convection currents deep in the earth.

The deeper strata contained animal remains that were unlike animals now found in recent strata.

published a paper on eudiometry (the measurement of the goodness of gases for breathing)

was the first to illustrate that heat and temperature are different things.

Fourier was a respected_____.

During this same time, the British astronomer, Sir William Herschel, discovered the planet___?

Lavoisier was a young chemist who is known for all of the following EXCEPT

Who made their most memorable contributions to zoology, botany, paleo, and evolution?

Which set is an example of chemofossils

What did Cavendish determine the composition of?

The interaction of electric currents or fields and magnetic fields found by Ampere is known as?

Thought the weight lose during calcination was due to loss of air rather than fire

In 1824, when he was only 15 years old, Braille developed a six-dot “cell” system.

How did the Semaphore Telegraph make signals that represented letters?

Encasement in _________ occurs when sap hardens onto an organism, then hardens.

Cavendish discovered inflammable gas. The gas was later renamed by Lavoisier as

he developed a cosmogony—a theory concerning the origin of the universe

French naturalist, remembered for his comprehensive work on natural history,

Certain unusual fossils can be used to define periods of geologic time. These are called?

Who developed the stethoscope?

The theory that acquired traits can be inherited is called______.

What is paleontology?

revolutionized the diagnosis of lung disorders

His work gave new prestige to the old concept of catastrophism

Which scientist had a theory of evolution?

Wrote the 1st descriptions of pneumonia, bronchiectasis, pleurisy, emphysema, & pneumothorax.

The steam engine(James Watt) was made of simple machines. The machine was powered by coal and ?

Lithology is…

What was Guillotin's purpose for creating the guillotine?

The Braille system was first published in 1829; a more complete elaboration appeared in 1837.

Besides CO_2, he also made discoveries about heat and temperature and latent heat.

He observed that plants release oxygen into the air — the process known now as photosynthesis.

The most widespread deadly illness in France just prior to the French Revolution was____.

His work had an influence on the theory of functions of a real variable

Joseph Black disproved a popular theory about inner fire by showing that

The Gasparini Guillotine or "powerful shear" is still used today in what industry?

1st to reconstruct geological history in a series of stages, in Époques de la nature (1778).

His instrument replaced the practice of immediate auscultation(ear on chest of patient)

His discovery "dephlogisticated air" on the theory it supported combustion (no phlogiston)

What term did Laennec create?

What type of rock yields the most index fossils?

Which scientists had big discoveries in heat energy & chemistry?

Balance the following: __C + __O₂ → __CO

Fourier’s work allowed him to express the making of heat in________objects.

Law of use and disuse

What type of rock 99% of the time is fossil-bearing?

introduced many terms still used today, cirrhosis & melanose (melanoma)

He helped systematize chemical nomenclature

Who proposed the idea of a temperature measurement based on absolute zero?

Sanjay tests his model on a watermelon, it doesn’t make a clean cut. Why?

Herschel proved his discovery was a planet and not a comet due to its...

On the battle field, amputation was done immediately to prevent what from setting in?

Cavendish's research involved collecting 2 kinds of gases over Hg and were originally named?

The inside of a hotairballoon is 175°F, which of these temps would let the balloon rise faster?

Convert 37°C to Kelvin

One things Fourier was interested in was the determination of ____ in algebraic equations.

Established electrodynamics (electromagnetism)

If treatment from someone other than local healers, poor people turned more readily to?

The Braille system of communication was developed for use by blind people was___.

Who coined the term "invertebrate"?

Discovery that wire carrying current can attract/repel another wire, also carrying current.

Fourier was known for researching heat and ______ equations.

proposed the existence of a particle we now recognize as the electron

Who had an infinite series named for him that allowed modeling of sunspots, tides, & weather?

Inflammable air (H) by dissolv metals in acids & fixed air (CO₂) by dissolv alkalis in acids

_________ rocks form from cooling of magma or lava.

Heat is energy, which can be transported as molecules vibrate, move and collide into each other

observed the absence of the gas, before he knew of its existence b/c of weight differences

What was the original name of the guillotine?

The only anesthetic available before the French Revolution was _________.

Proposed that the compound we now call hydrogen fluoride consisted of hydrogen & a new element

_____________ is the process in which a plant-like substance is turned into a stony material.

To aid in Identifying the 63 different dot patterns, Braille numbered the dot positions

If you placed a pumice rock(0.25 g/cm³) in a glass of water(1 g/cm³), what would happen?

Temperature is a measurement of the average motion or kinetic energy of the molecules.

By 1802 he had also introduced the term biology.

Balance the following equation: 3H₂ + N₂ →

To determine the differences between star clusters, he used their relative densities

Who invented the hot air balloon?

He set the science of paleontology on a firm empirical foundation.

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the electrodynamic molecule – a microscopic charged particle (a prototype of the electron)

Theory of develop included the simplest forms of life were results of spontaneous generation.

These were all preferable to seeking out treatment from doctors?

___ occurs when decomposed organism is consumed by shale and hardens to a protective shell.

Who invented the electric telegraph?

___- Greek meaning “acid-former,” Lavoisier's theory that it was the acidifying principle.

Shortages of fresh food often led to outbreaks of...

He established “correlation of parts” - organs have same functions in different animals.

Animals have so many different traits that they can't be arranged in a single linear system.

Who invented the guillotine?

The word "fossil" is derived from the Latin word "fossilis" which means

You discover a fossil that is intact which leads you to speculate that

Known for his studies of peritonitis, amenorrhea, the prostate gland, & tubercle lesions.

elements—his definition, substances that chemically had failed to break into simpler entities

1st to have theory of organic evolution that included the production of different forms of life

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Theory that animals, in responding to different environments, adopted new habits.

He determined that combustion & respiration are caused by reactions with what he named “oxygen”

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of lithology?

Fossils may be hard to retrieve from the ground or even disappear after formation due to______.

First to recognize the earth is very old & many species have come and gone since its formation?

The Montgolfiers were best know for their invention that utilized burning wool and moist straw.

Some of Cavendish’s areas of research are optics, mechanics, and ________.

What term did Lamarck create?

Cavendish found that, upon being burned, hydrogen made ______.

Fourier was interested in how math & heat were related. The following is an ex. of this.

Balance the following: __MgCO₃ → __MgO + __CO₂

was distinguished for great accuracy and precision

Laennec was mainly focused on science.

There are _____ different rock types.

This equation represents what?

Giraffes stretching their necks & passing this new long reach to kids was called __ by Lamarck

He made more&better gunpowder by ↑ the supply&purity of the parts—saltpeter, sulfur, charcoal

What allowed the guillotine to have a cleaner cut?