Earth Science Ch. 25 "Beyond Our Solar System" Review

Question 1

About ________ percent of stars are main-sequence stars.

Accepted Answer

90

Question 2

Which of the following is evidence of the Big Bang Theory?

Accepted Answer

red shift of galaxies, cosmic background radiation

Question 3

The red shifts of distant galaxies show that the universe is __________.

Accepted Answer

expanding

Question 4

A(n) __________ is a large group of stars, dust, and gases held together by gravity.

Accepted Answer

galaxy

Question 5

galaxy type that ranges in shape from round to oval; most are small

Accepted Answer

elliptical

Question 6

does not form a red giant; collapses directly into a white dwarf

Accepted Answer

low-mass star

Question 7

The ___ theory states that the universe began when a dense, hot, supermassive ball exploded.

Accepted Answer

Big Bang

Question 8

The Doppler effect can tell us whether a galaxy is moving toward or away from us.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 9

Disk of the Milky Way is ~105 light-years wide & ~104 light-years thick at the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 10

galaxy type that is composed mostly of young stars

Accepted Answer

irregular

Question 11

remnant of a low-mass or medium-mass star

Accepted Answer

white dwarf

Question 12

remnant of a supernova event; similar to a large atomic nucleus

Accepted Answer

neutron star

Question 13

An average star spends 90 percent of its life as a helium-burning main-sequence star.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 14

The larger galaxy in the photograph is a(n) ____________ galaxy.

Accepted Answer

spiral

Question 15

A(n) _________ is a neutron star that rotates and generates radio waves.

Accepted Answer

pulsar

Question 16

Which letter points to the sun?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 17

Most galaxies have Doppler shifts toward the __________ end of the spectrum.

Accepted Answer

red

Question 18

A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram shows:

Accepted Answer

absolute magnitude and temperature of stars

Question 19

This blows up in a supernova explosion

Accepted Answer

massive star

Question 20

small dense object formed from the remnants of a star at least 3 times as massive as the sun

Accepted Answer

black hole

Question 21

Galaxies are not distributed randomly but are grouped in ________.

Accepted Answer

clusters

Question 22

Which letter points to red giants (bright cool stars)?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 23

All distant galaxies are moving away from us because our galaxy is the center of the universe.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 24

Which letter points to cool, small, red stars?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 25

Which letter points to hot, large, blue stars?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 26

All stars eventually run out of fuel and collapse due to gravity.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 27

The larger galaxy in the photo probably contains mostly young stars.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 28

Which letter points to white dwarfs (small faint stars)?

Accepted Answer

E

Question 29

A(n) _______ is a developing star not yet hot enough to engage in nuclear fusion.

Accepted Answer

protostar

Question 30

galaxy type that is usually disk-shaped with many variations

Accepted Answer

spiral

Question 31

A(n) ______ of thin gas and clusters of stars surrounds the disk of the Milky Way Galaxy.

Accepted Answer

halo

Question 32

This forms a red giant, which then collapses into a white dwarf and forms a planetary nebula

Accepted Answer

medium-mass star

Question 33

The Milky Way is a _________ galaxy.

Accepted Answer

spiral

Earth Science Ch. 25 "Beyond Our Solar System" Review

Questions 33

Earth Science Ch. 25 "Beyond Our Solar System" Review

Questions 33