The neonatal brain pt 1

The Quadrigeminal Cistern is found ___ the quadrigeminal plate

The brainstem is vital for survival and regulates arousal

identify 1

The Subthalamus plays a role in motor control and works with the basal ganglia

identify 5

Identify the pink

The CSP is more common in infants and may close after birth

______ _______ is a plexus of cells that produces the cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain

During early development, the ____ ____ of the neural tube undergoes the most significant growth and specialization

Acts as a bridge connecting the brainstem to the cerebellum

The _______ provides structural support and acts as a primitive backbone

The cerebellum is located in the posterior cranial fossa

The telencephalon divides into the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes

The brainstem connects the forebrain with the spinalcord

The neural tube eventually develops into the CNS, giving rise to both the brain and spinal cord

what are the arrows pointing to?

This coronal image was taken posterior to the occipital horns of the lateral ventricles

Consists of two gray matter masses and is positioned on either side of the third ventricle

The diencephalon arises from the tissue surrounding the _____ ________

Middle web-like layer that contains the subarachnoid space filled with cerebrospinal fluid

The _____ connects the forebrain and hindbrain and plays a role in motor control, vision, hearing, and alertness

Outer tough, fibrous layer that protects the brain and anchors it to the skull

Identify the yellow

Premature brain changes significantly from ___ weeks until term

identify 4

What are the 2 echogenic structures that are located in the middle?

Involved in processing and relaying auditory signals

Is the floor of the midbrain that contains various nuclei and tracts involved in movement and pain suppression

The midbrain is divided into two main regions: Tegmentum and Tectum

The mastoid fontanelle is useful for imaging ______ brain structures

The ____ ventricle lies between the two thalami

The aqueduct of sylvius is crucial for the flow of cerebrospinal fluid

A normal variant cerebrospinal fluid space that is located between the leaflets of the septum pellucidum

what are the arrows pointing to?

One of the largest cisterns located in the posterior fossa

The ________ is the largest part of the brain

Is the largest, and is used most commonly in imaging. Closes by 9–15 months.

Differentiates into the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus

Lies in the midline, separating the two cerebral hemispheres

Identify the red

A wide, flat bundle of neural fibers that lies beneath the cerebral cortex

Along with the CN, forms the largest part of the basal ganglia

Regulates homeostasis, such as temperature, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms

_______ ventricles are the largest of cerebral spinal fluid cavities located within cerebral hemispheres

It includes the pineal gland and is involved in circadian rhythm regulation through melatonin secretion

These images were taken from the _________

Is smaller; closes early (2–3 months)

Crucial for motor control and coordination, attention and language, and emotion regulation

What is the view of this image?

Is the roof of the midbrain responsible for auditory and visual reflexes and includes the superior andinferior colliculi

Lies between the Medulla oblongata, Cerebellar hemispheres, and Occipital bone

Fontanelles are soft spots on infant skull

In very premature infants, sulci and gyri are NOT developed

The _____ develops early and rapidly, eventually becoming the largest region of the brain

identify 2

The forebrain gives rise to the cerebellum

identify 3

Composed of myelinated axons and sends output to structures like the thalamus/basal ganglia via efferent connections

Identify the green

The telencephalon surrounds the diencephalon

Identify the red

what are the arrows pointing to?

Identify the green

The _____ of the Caudate Nucleus is the common site for hemorrhage

Basal ganglia are gray matter structures located deep within the cerebral hemispheres found on both sides of the _____

At what level was this coronal image taken?

The midbrain contains two cerebral peduncles

Around ____-____ days after conception, a structure called the neural plate forms on the surface of the embryo

what is the arrow pointing to?

Contains neurons and their unmyelinated fibers and is responsible for processing and integrating information

Allows CSF flow downward through the ventricular system

A C-shaped bundle of nerve fibers that relays to the anterior nuclei of the thalamus

Becomes the cerebral hemispheres and further develops into the four cerebral lobes

What view is this of the frontal lobes?

The telencephalon contains four major sulci (grooves)

Two lateral apertures (Foramina of Luschka) and one median aperture (Foramen of Magendie) = _____

Acts as a major relay station for sensory information traveling to the cerebral cortex

identify 6

Key Components of the basal ganglia include all of the following except:

Spaces between skull bones where sutures intersect that are covered by a membrane, but not yet ossified

Involved in processing and relaying visual signals

This region will further develop into structures such as the cerebral hemispheres and the thalamus

The Cavum Vergae are the posterior extension of the CSP

Connects lateral ventricles to the third ventricle

V-shaped echogenic extension of the falx cerebri that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum

Small linear array, high-frequency transducers _ MHz may be used to image near- field pathology from anterior fontanelle

The ______ is the uppermost (rostral) part of the brainstem

Most sensory information is routed to the cortex through the _______

The diencephalon is a centrally located region of the brain that is enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres

Innermost delicate layer that adheres tightly to the brain surface, following its contours

Enables interhemispheric communication and is the largest white matter structure in the brain

This area develops into the brainstem and cerebellum, which are responsible for vital functions such as breathing

what kind of image is this?

Serves as a relay center for sensory and motor signals between brain regions and regulates many autonomic functions

Connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle

Composed of two layers: Periosteal layer and Meningeal layer

A narrow channel within the midbrain that connects the third ventricle with the fourth ventricle