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Chemistry PIA_Review S1-S4 Flashcards | StudBud
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Chemistry PIA_Review S1-S4
Chemistry PIA_Review S1-S4
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1
In a galvanic cell, the anode is negatively charged, and the cathode is positive
True
False
2
Nucleotides are the fundamental chemical units that combine to form nucleic acids
False
True
3
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid?
Saturated fatty acids contain triple bonds
Unsaturated fatty acids have more hydrogen atoms
Saturated fatty acids only have single bonds, unsaturated have a double
Saturated fatty acids are liquid at room temperature
4
Enzyme action model proposed in 1968 that suggests that the active site can flexibly adapt to the substrate
Rigid fit
Conformational gate
Induced adjustment
Lock and key
5
The oxidation number of an atom in its free state is zero
False
True
6
What does molecular genetics study?
The processes, structures, and transmission of genetic information
The classification of species
The bonding between metals and gases
The nutritional value of chemical substances
7
Which of the following is an example of a rapid oxidation?
Rust forming on metal
Iron reacting with water over days
Fruit browning
A candle being lit
8
What is a salt bridge?
A solid conductor wire for electrical current flow
A neutral substance that temporarily stores electrons
A device used to connect external battery terminals
Gel that lets ions move between cell compartments
9
He was a notable scientist who introduced terms like electrode, electrolyte, electrolysis, cation, and anion
Michael Faraday
Antoine Lavoisier
Isaac Newton
Albert Einstein
10
In a ___________, a non-spontaneous reaction occurs
Fuel cell
Galvanic cell
Electrolytic cell
Photovoltaic cell
11
What process does an oxidizing agent undergo?
Electrolysis
Combustion
Reduction
Oxidation
12
What is a polysaccharide?
A lipid with multiple fatty acids
Molecule from the combination of monosaccharides by glycosidic bonds
A single sugar unit with hydroxyl groups
A protein made of peptide chains
13
Which is NOT a step in balancing an equation by the oxidation reduction method?
Add electrons to balance the redox changes
Start by increasing the coefficients on both sides of the equation
Balance atoms that change oxidation state
Assign oxidation numbers to all elements
14
What type of vitamins “thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin” belong to?
Fat soluble
Lipid-based
Enzymatic
Water soluble
15
How can our bodies neutralize the excess of free radicals?
By consuming low-calorie foods
By exercising more
We rely on antioxidants
Through exposure to sunlight
16
What are free radicals?
Unstable atoms or molecules that lack electrons
Proteins that transport oxygen in blood
Stable molecules that boost immune function
Positively charged ions that form in acids
17
What are the roles of carbohydrates?
Detoxification and transport
Structural repair and DNA replication
Energetics, reserve, and support
Hormone production and enzyme activity
18
An isomerase is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the rearrangement of atoms within a molecule
False
True
19
Select the main types of RNA
Linear, clustered, folded, loose
Mitochondrial, circular, double, structural
Messenger, ribosomal, transfer, regulatory
Coded, sensory, auxiliary, enzymatic
20
In an electrolytic cell, the cathode is negatively charged and the anode is positive
False
True
21
Which of the following nucleotide bases is NOT present in RNA?
Adenine
Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil
22
Most abundant biomolecules in nature with the general formula Cn(H2O)n
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Lipids
23
How many hydrogen ions must be added in the following equation (in an acidic medium)
?
0
8
2
4
24
Balance the following equation through the trial and error method
1, 2, 1
2, 3 ,4
4, 3, 2
25
When balancing an equation in an acid medium, what substances are added to equalize oxygen and hydrogen?
Acids and bases
Hydroxide ions and oxygen gas
Water and hydrogen ions
Electrons and water vapor
26
Based on the image, select the correct protein classification
Secondary structure
Secondary structure
Primary structure
Tertiary structure
27
The __________ is an integer that indicates the number of electrons an atom can donate, accept, or share
Valence shell
Atomic number
Molecular weight
Oxidation state
28
What is the difference between a chemical symbol and a chemical formula?
Formulas are used only in organic chemistry
Formulas are always longer than symbols
Symbols show elements; formulas show compounds
Symbols represent only gaseous elements
29
Historically, the term oxidation referred to any reaction in which oxygen is combined with another substance.
False
True
30
What is biochemistry?
Physics of movement and structure in living organisms
Chemistry of processes and reactions in living cells
Chemical study of minerals, rocks, and earth materials
Molecular forces in space and living systems combined
31
What are the elements of a galvanic cell?
Electrolytes combined with water vapor
One electrode and an external heat source
Metal wires connected with insulating materials
Two electrodes, electrolyte, and salt bridge
32
The agrochemical industry involves the analysis, study, and development of organic compounds to enhance well being
False
True
33
What functional group is shown in the image?
Amine
Ketone
Alcohol
Carboxylic acid
34
Starch is a macromolecule made up of vegetable polysaccharides
True
False
35
It is the branch of chemistry that explores the conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy and vice versa
Electrochemistry
Organic chemistry
Nuclear chemistry
Thermochemistry
36
From the following image select, which element/compound is the oxidizing agent
?
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
37
The __________ measures how chemical energy is transformed into electrical energy through an electrode
Enthalpy
Conductivity index
Oxidation-reduction potential
Activation energy
38
What is the name of the highlighted part of the image?
Products
Intermediates
Reactants
Catalysts
39
What is chemistry?
The study of only atom structure
The study of atom structure, matter transformation and chemical analysis
The study of heat transfer between a system and the universe
The measurement of weather patterns
40
Select the characteristic of the glycosidic bond
It connects a phosphate to a lipid
It is a bond between a metal and a nonmetal
It links two amino acids together
It connects two monosaccharides through an oxygen
41
What are the two components of any fat molecule?
Carbon chains and enzymes
Glycerol and glucose
Glycerol and three fatty acids
Phosphate and amino acid
42
_______ are essential for cell function and structure, they also play a role in carrying genetic information
Lipids
Minerals
Proteins
Vitamins
43
From the following image select which element/compound oxidizes
?
Chlorine
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrogen
44
What is the reduction process?
It is the heating of a compound
It is the splitting of a molecule
It refers to the gain of electrons or removing oxygen
It refers to losing protons
45
Water is the most abundant organic biomolecule?
False
True
46
_______ are catalyst that increase the rate of chemical reaction, most are globular proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Hormones
Enzymes
47
What are the two main types of proteins
?
Primary and secondary
Simple and conjugated
Saturated and unsaturated
Linear and branched
48
What is electroplating?
Using electricity to coat objects with a thin metal layer
Fusing different metals to create stronger alloys
Measuring how well metals conduct electric current
Fusing different metals to create stronger alloys
49
What is a peptide bond
?
It’s the attraction between water molecules
It’s the linkage between two nucleotides
It’s a bond between the carboxyl and amino group of two amino acids
It’s the bond formed between two fatty acids
50
________ consist of a polar hydrophilic head and two nonpolar hydrophobic tails
Steroids
Monosaccharides
Phospholipids
Triglycerides
