Descartes philosophical system progressed

from doubt to self to God to matter

all three other answers correct

Analytic philosophers

say confusion over words causes philosophical disagreements

deny the existence of any meaning in the world

An epistemological view of reality would

ask "How can you know reality?"

According to materialism, if you could know every aspect of the universe at one given time then

all past and future events could be deduced

Which of the following best describes Aristotelian forms?

they exist in the objects themselves

a concept that doesn’t exist in the physical world (form)

Kant says of two people who set out on a mission, the one who dies before completing it is

as morally good as the returning hero

Descartes' problem with all of his predecessors was

their ultimate reliance on nonrational premises

Epicureans stress the avoidance of pain by seeking

the longest duration of pleasure

Speculative philosophers

seek to answer the “big” questions about philosophy

The problem of "the One and the Many" developed from an attempt to reconcile

a unity of reality with the plurality of the perceived world

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Philosophy Exam Review

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Intro to philosophy exam review #philosophy

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Questions 77

Answers

1
Descartes philosophical system progressed
from matter to doubt to self to God
from doubt to self to God to matter
from self to God to matter
from God to doubt to self to matter
2
A syllogism is
two premises and a conclusion
all three other answers correct
logical
the shortest possible valid argument
3
"Man is the measure of all things," is the basis of
ethics
empiricism
relativism
utilitarianism
4
The Greek word for universe or world is
Cosine
Cossack
Cosmos
Cosmetology
5
Which moral philosophy would say, “We are responsible only to ourselves..."
Relativism
Determinism
Absolutism
Existentialism
6
"We are responsible only to ourselves; it is the burden of this... that makes us free" is:
Kant
Sartre
Descartes
Socrates
7
Analytic philosophers
seek to answer the “big” questions about philosophy
say confusion over words causes philosophical disagreements
search for meaning in the individual
deny the existence of any meaning in the world
8
Nihilists
search for meaning in the individual
deny the existence of any meaning in the world
answer the “big” questions about metaphysics, value, etc.
believe confusion over the words cause philosophical issues
9
The study of morals and proper behavior
the afterlife
creation
ethics
causality
10
These folks just want to do their duty
Utilitarians
Epicureans
Cyrenaics
Deontologists
11
Anxiety over the number 13 is
logical
irrational
nonrational
innate
12
What do absolute skeptics know?
______________________
the meaning of life
lots of things
important things
13
An epistemological view of reality would
first ask whether or not reality exists
say that reality has no meaning
say reality can never be known
ask "How can you know reality?"
14
According to materialism, if you could know every aspect of the universe at one given time then
there would be free will
all past and future events could be deduced
God's role as "clock starter" would be objectively apparent
space time continuum will weave itself into finite universe
15
Revealed theology deals with
reason and rational thought
religion
using the intellect
the study of God through nature
16
Saying that all legal codes come from a higher power is attempt to prove God exists using the
Cosmological argument
Teleological argument
Moral argument
Ontological argument
17
Utilitarianism is the plural form of
materialism
hedonism
empiricism
idealism
18
Deductive logic is
empirical
mathematically certain
difficult to prove with observation
nonrational
19
All of the following are associated with B.F.Skinner's argument EXCEPT
his behaviorism is deterministic
his acceptance of free will
mind is a product of the mechanical functioning of the brain
we are all controlled by environment it is futile to choose
20
Unrestrained partakers of the sex, drugs and rock-n-roll largely regardless of its consequences
Epicureans
Cyrenaics
Utilitarians
Deontologists
21
Tabula rasa is to Locke as forms are to
Aristotle
Socrates
Plato
Descartes
22
Philosophy is to psychology like
non-rational is to irrational
logic is to faith
why is to how
free will is to Descartes
23
Which of the following best describes Aristotelian forms?
they exist in the objects themselves
they are found in the world of being
they are the names given to common things
they are only in your mind
24
A circle is
square
easy to accurately draw
a concept that doesn’t exist in the physical world (form)
a real physical thing
25
A solipsist believes
that it is possible to meet another solipsist
in a higher power
that existentialism is all wrong
in self
26
The premise that at least part of reality is transcendent is inherently dependent upon
inductive reasoning
nonrational belief
irrationality
determinism
27
Which of the following is NOT an example of natural evil?
Adolf Hitler
tornadoes
AIDS
killer asteroids
28
Matching the form (world of being) with the perception of it (world of becoming) is knowledge
Aristotle
Plato
Descartes
Berkeley
29
The difference between Mill and Bentham is
objectivity versus subjectivity
society versus the individual
quality versus quantity
a matter of duration versus intensity
30
They believe in the greatest happiness for the greatest number
Cyrenaics
Epicureans
Utilitarians
Deontologists
31
The Pluralist Pre-Socratics believed that reality is composed of
lots of things
one thing
numbers
nothing
32
The idea of the ubermensch who is beyond good and evil is associated with
Kant
Kierkegaard
Sartre
Nietzsche
33
Which of the following is NOT a British empiricist?
Ockham
Locke
Berkeley
Hume
34
Skinner's behaviorism is the logical outcome of
hedonism
materialism
empiricism
idealism
35
Kant says of two people who set out on a mission, the one who dies before completing it is
has failed his duty
is a hero if he perceives himself as such
a wasted effort
as morally good as the returning hero
36
Which morality would say “Not letting women drive in Saudi Arabia is moral there but not here”?
Absolutism
Relativism
Existentialism
Determinism
37
Which moral philosophy would say, “What is right is right whether we perceive it so or not”?
Relativism
Absolutism
Determinism
Existentialism
38
Descartes' problem with all of his predecessors was
self-contradiction
their acceptance of the natural fallacy
their reliance on empiricism
their ultimate reliance on nonrational premises
39
The categorical imperative is associated with
Mill
Kant
Bentham
Descartes
40
What is an ad hominem attack?
a common tactic in politics
all are correct
an attack on the person rather than the argument itself
a logical fallacy
41
They try to enjoy the finer things in life that they try to enjoy in moderation
Deontologists
Epicureans
Utilitarians
Cyrenaics
42
This tries to reconcile the existence of evil with the existence of an omnipotent and good God
theocracy
theodicy
theology
rational theology
43
Epicureans stress the avoidance of pain by seeking
the shortest intensity of a pleasure
the satisfying of sensual pleasure
the performance of duty
the longest duration of pleasure
44
Speculative philosophers
say confusion over words causes philosophical disagreements
search for meaning in the individual
seek to answer the “big” questions about philosophy
deny the existence of any meaning in the world
45
According to Berkeley a falling tree in the forest makes a noise because
the laws of physics say it must
common sense says it must
God hears it
because the animals hear it
46
"Cogito ergo sum" means
Hume had gone mad
I think therefore I am
absolute skepticism is undeniable
philosophy is nonrationally based
47
Ultimately deductive arguments are based on the premise that
intuition
logic
faith
it has always been that way and will continue to be so
48
Kant says to be moral is to do:
one's duty
what yields the greatest good for the greatest number
the most good
what you believe is right
49
The problem of "the One and the Many" developed from an attempt to reconcile
the conflict between empiricism with sense perception
various Greek philosophical schools
objectivity and absolutes
a unity of reality with the plurality of the perceived world
50
Wider teleology looks at the process while narrow teleology examines
steps of creation
the product
Darwin’s beliefs
God
51
William Paley's argument about the complexity of the universe is what type of argument?
Cosmological
Teleological
Ontological
Moral
52
Which moral philosophy would say, “Everything is the function of causality”?
Relativism
Determinism
Existentialism
Absolutism
53
Chomsky's support for innate knowledge
is based on language
is subjective
is deductive
nonrational
54
Aesthetics asks
What is right?
What can I know?
What is beauty?
What is real?
55
Bentham is to Mill as
the Cyrenaics were to Epicures
Plato was to Aristotle
Freud was to Skinner
Nietzsche was to Kierkegaard
56
The "natural fallacy" in ethics is:
saying that because something is then it ought to be
the basis for natural ethics
a logical trick to try to impose absolutism on ethics
saying that because something is good that it should be done
57
Which of the following is NOT an objection to Berkley’s idealism?
He denies physical things
He misuses ordinary meanings of words
He makes God the author of evil
He liked to eat rocky road ice cream
58
Pluralists believed that the universe
was composed of more than one basic substance
was a plurality of the one and the many
was inexplicable
is unknowable
59
Hedonic calculus was the theory of:
Sartre
Bentham
C.S. Lewis
Epicures
60
Epicures has been often misunderstood in modern times because
of his denial of freedom of the will
we are intolerant of pleasures of the flesh
he was a skeptic
we tend to associate him with the Cyrenaics
61
Kierkegaard and Nietzsche are both considered early thinkers in
Existentialism
Absolutism
Relativism
Determinism
62
Ultimately inductive arguments are based on the premise that
intuition
logic
it has always been that way and will continue to be so
faith
63
In ethics, teleological refers to
deterministic
duty
outcome based
hedonism
64
Ockham’s Razor
gives a nice close shave
encourages simplicity
is a favorite of conspiracy theorists
seeks the most complicated answers
65
What is philosophy?
the study of ideas about knowledge, truth, meaning, etc.
the study of general and fundamental problems
attempts to answer the “big” questions
the love of wisdom
66
The biggest objection to Descartes’ mind-matter dualism is
functionalism
method by which he established his most basic premise
Cogito ergo sum
how to create a connection between 2 different substances
67
Ethics asks
What is beauty?
What is right?
What can I know?
What is real?
68
"Existence precedes essence" is
hedonism
idealism
empiricism
existentialism
69
The attempt to prove God's existence by reason and logic is called
Revealed Theology
Rational Theology
Empirical Theology
Philosophical Theology
70
Epistemology deals with the study of:
logic
morality
knowledge
the origin of the cosmos
71
Deontology
duty
logic
God
being
72
Utilitarianism urges
monism over pluralism
the common good over individual good
duty over outcome
quality over quantity
73
Monism is the theory that
objectivity can only be perceived in terms of subjectivity
spirituality is indivisible
transcendent reality has subjective natures
reality is one substance
74
If God is both omnipotent and benevolent, then according to Hume
He cannot be absolute
there can be no evil
evil is man's choice
freedom of the will is guaranteed
75
Inductive logic is
difficult to prove with observation
empirical
mathematically certain
nonrational
76
Existentialist philosophers
deny the existence of any meaning in the world
say confusion over words causes philosophical disagreements
seek to answer the “big” questions about philosophy
search for meaning in the individual
77
Socrates is to Plato as Plato is to
Aristotle
Descartes
Sartre
Berkeley

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