Why do scientists study seismographs?

to determine the location of an epicenter

Which statement describes the location of an earthquake’s epicenter?

It is located at the point where circles intersect on a map.

Which statement best explains why Earth’s outer core is in liquid form?

The iron-nickel alloy melts due to hot temperatures

Which statement explains what happens to older crust during seafloor spreading?

It moves away from a mid-ocean ridge.

Which example is indirect evidence used to study Earth’s interior?

location of an earthquake’s epicenter

Which correctly lists the three weather factors that are indicators of climate change?

wind patterns, temperature, ocean currents

What is common between transverse waves and longitudinal waves?

Both move faster at higher temperatures

Which statement describes divergent boundaries?

Magma flows from cracks in the crust at divergent boundaries.

Study the image. Which statement correctly explains what is happening?

Oceanic and continental plates are colliding.

What happened to the giant landmass that Wegener described?

The pieces broke apart and drifted away from one another over time.

Which method preserves an image of a leaf?

As the leaf decomposes, carbon from the leaf is left on the rock.

Which statement describes the law of superposition?

In horizontal rock layers, each layer is younger than the one below it.

Which statement describes one aspect of an earthquake’s magnitude?

It is based on the size of seismic waves.

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Earth & Space Science Semester 1 Review 2020

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Questions 29

Answers

1
Why do scientists study seismographs?
to analyze mineral content from Earth’s crust
to learn about different rock samples
to observe temperature chang
to determine the location of an epicenter
2
From which location does seafloor spreading originate?
deep-ocean trenches
edges of continents
underwater volcanoes
mid-ocean ridges
3
In which direction of the wave motion do longitudinal waves transfer energy?
parallel
perpendicular
close
equal
4
Which statement describes the location of an earthquake’s epicenter?
It is located at the point where circles intersect on a map.
It is determined by the depth of the focus.
It is determined by the arrival time of surface waves.
It is located using a single set of data.
5
Which type of zone is located at a deep-ocean trench?
subduction
divergent
convergent
transform
6
Study the image of lithospheric plates. Which correctly lists the three plates that border the Indo-Australian Plate?
Pacific, Eurasian, and African
African, North American, and South American
North American, Pacific, and African
Eurasian, African, and South American
7
What determines the length of a geologic time period?
radioactive material
material density
meteors and rocks
fossil record
8
Which statement best explains why Earth’s outer core is in liquid form?
The iron-nickel alloy melts due to hot temperatures
The outer core has a tarry consistency.
This region is under extreme pressure from the weight of other layers.
This region is less dense when compared to the mantle.
9
Which statement explains what happens to older crust during seafloor spreading?
It moves under continents.
It is destroyed at coastlines.
It moves away from a mid-ocean ridge.
It is destroyed at a mid-ocean ridge.
10
Which word identifies the shaking that results from movement under Earth’s surface?
plate
fault
earthquake
stress
11
How long ago do scientists believe the continents formed Pangaea?
about 300 million years ago
about 135 million years ago
about 4.5 billion years ago
about 180 million years ago
12
The image shows sedimentary rock layers. According to the law of superposition, which layer is the oldest?
4
3
1
2
13
Which example is indirect evidence used to study Earth’s interior?
texture of different core rock samples
composition of minerals in a rock
location of an earthquake’s epicenter
age of a rock from within Earth
14
According to the theory of plate tectonics, which is one feature that plates carry?
asthenosphere
lower mantle
inner core
seafloor
15
Which correctly lists the three weather factors that are indicators of climate change?
wind patterns, temperature, ocean currents
sunsets, wind patterns, clouds
temperature, wind patterns, ice cores
ocean currents, ice cores, temperature
16
What is common between transverse waves and longitudinal waves?
Both move slower through densely packed molecules
Both move faster at higher temperatures
Both include an amplitude, crest, and rarefactions
Both include a wavelength from compression to compression
17
Which statement describes divergent boundaries?
Subduction occurs at divergent boundaries.
Magma flows from cracks in the crust at divergent boundaries.
Plates move toward each other at divergent boundaries.
Divergent boundaries are found only on land.
18
Study the image. Which statement correctly explains what is happening?
Two oceanic plates are creating several island chains.
Two continental plates are forming a large mountain.
Oceanic and continental plates are colliding.
Oceanic and continental plates are shifting past each other.
19
Which word identifies the agent that carries the energy released from earthquakes?
lithosphere
waves
focus
epicenter
20
What happened to the giant landmass that Wegener described?
The pieces broke apart and drifted away from one another over time.
The pieces moved toward one another and created mountains.
The pieces remained the same shape over time.
The pieces moved quickly to their current locations.
21
Which waves can travel through space?
longitudinal and electromagnetic waves
electromagnetic waves only
mechanical waves only
electromagnetic and mechanical waves
22
Which is one source that scientists use to reconstruct past climate conditions?
the tilt of Earth’s axis
daily temperatures
running water
fossils frozen in glaciers
23
Which method preserves an image of a leaf?
As the leaf decomposes, carbon from the leaf is left on the rock.
Sediment covers the leaf and leaves an imprint on the rock.
Tree sap flows over the leaf and preserves it.
The leaf turns into rock over time.
24
Which statement describes the law of superposition?
Rocks that are not in horizontal layers were shifted by some geologic event
Sedimentary rocks were originally in horizontal layers.
Rock layers must be in existence before something can happen to them.
In horizontal rock layers, each layer is younger than the one below it.
25
Which phrase describes faults?
cause gaps in the geologic record
are igneous rocks that form beneath Earth’s surface
cause rocks to break and move
are older than surrounding rocks
26
The image shows a volcanic eruption. Which statement best describes this eruption?
This eruption is quiet.
This eruption was caused by low-viscosity magma.
This eruption may set its surroundings on fire.
This eruption is explosive.
27
Which features form along all types of plate boundaries?
faults
rift valleys
ocean ridges
mountains
28
Which statement describes one aspect of an earthquake’s magnitude?
It is measured by the Mercalli scale.
It is not usually affected by the amount of fault movement.
It is used to determine damage caused by earthquakes.
It is based on the size of seismic waves.
29
Which is an example of a trace fossil?
petrified wood
skin of organism
preserved bone
animal burrow

Earth & Space Science Semester 1 Review 2020 Flashcards | StudBud