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HBS EoC Review Flashcards | StudBud
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HBS EoC Review
HBS EoC Review
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Human Body Systems End of Year Review #hbs #pltw #biomedicalsciences #eoc
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1
Thymus, bone marrow, spleen, appendix and tonsils are part of the ___ system.
Endocrine System
Integumentary System
Immune System
Skeletal System
2
Chemical substances produced in the body that control the activity of certain cells or organs.
Endocrines
Exocrines
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
3
What is the issue with the eye for someone with hyperopia?
Eyeball is misshapen. It's too long to see image correctly
Eyeball is not misshapen. The lens doesn't bend.
Eyeball is misshapen. It's too short to see image correctly
Eyeball is not misshapen. The cornea is the issue.
4
Instrument used to measure range of motion in joints is called a ___.
dynamometer
gonimeter
spirometer
calipers
5
A category of burn that penetrates into subcutaneous tissues
4th degree
3rd degree
1st degree
2nd degree
6
The carpals and tarsals come together to make this type of joint
planar
Gliding
Ball-and-Socket
Hinge
7
All of the following are proteins in skin
EXCEPT
___. They allow for protection & flexibility.
Keratin
Myosin
Elastin
Collagen
8
What law was put into place to protect a patient's rights?
HIPPO
EOC
PPE
HIPAA
9
Slanted fracture
Oblique
Greenstick
Transverse
Spiral
10
How does a neurotransmitter (like a numbing medicine) block the sending of a pain message?
By potassium ions exiting the membrane
Allowing threshold to be met a little/message isn't sent
By repolarizing the membrane
Not allowing the threshold to be met and message is not sent
11
This muscle type is found in artery walls & digestive system
Skeletal Muscle
Visceral
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
12
T-Cells mature in the ___.
Thyroid
Thymus
Thylakoid Membrane
Temporal region
13
What is the issue with the eye for someone with myopia?
Eyeball is not misshapen. The cornea is the issue.
Eyeball is not misshapen. The lens doesn't bend.
Eyeball is misshapen. It's too short to see image correctly
Eyeball is misshapen. It's too long to see image correctly
14
How does an ABI indicate a person might have PVD?
Comparison of pressure in carotid to ankles shows blockage
Comparison of pressure in arms to knees shows blockage
Comparison of pressure in arms to ankles shows blockage
Comparison of pressure in ankles to shoulders shows blockage
15
During which phase do sodium gates close and potassium gates open?
Repolarization
Depolarization
Undershoot
Resting
16
Trabecular bone is also known as ___ and is indictaed by letter ___
Compact bone, A
Spongy bone, A
Compact bone, B
Spongy bone, B
17
If a person can't drink milk without having stomach issues, what could possibly be the problem?
The person doesn't produce lactase
The person doesn't produce pepsin
The person doesn't produce amylase
The person doesn't produce protease
18
Which direction do RFLPs travel in a gel?
From - to +
From - to -
From + to -
From + to +
19
Different size fragments of DNA
Polymorphic Restriction Length Fragments
Long Fragment Restriction Polymorphisms
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
Fragment Length Restriction Polymorphisms
20
These 2 hormones regulate water in the body.
glucagon & insulin
Aldosterone & ADH
parathyroid hormone & calcitonin
ADH & calcitonin
21
A ____ is created when a myosin head attaches to a filament.
filament bridge
myosin bridge
sliding bridge
cross bridge
22
This blood type does not produce antibodies against red blood cell antigens
Type B
Type AB
Type A
Type O
23
A test to confirm is a person has PAD would be ___.
blood glucose test
ankle brachial index
a leg x-ray
range of motion
24
What blood type does this person have?
Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O
25
Calcium ions bind to what part of the filament to expose binding sites?
M line
Tropomyosin
Myosin head
Troponin
26
Bone-creating cells
Osteoblasts
Calcitonin
PTH
Osteocytes
27
Burn of the epidermis
2nd Degree
4th Degree
3rd Degree
1st Degree
28
Joints that provide the MOST movement are called ___.
Synovial
They all have the same range of motion
Cartilagenous
Fibrous
29
These neurons are found within the brain & spinal cord and relay messages to and from the CNS
Sensory Neuron
Motor Neuron
Association Neurons
Interneurons
30
How do you know a positive result with blood typing?
You don't see clumping of the antigens and antibodies
You do see clumping of the antigens and antibodies
31
This gland is known as the master gland
Thyroid
Pancreas
Adrenal
Pituitary
32
To achieve resting potential, ___Na+ ions are actively pumped out and ___K+ pumped in
4,3
2,3
3,4
3,2
33
What happens during depolarization of the cell membrane?
Sodium (Na+) ions rush inside the membrane
Sodium (Na+) ions rush outside the membrane
Potassium (K+) ions rush inside membrane
Magnesium (Mg+) ions rush inside the membrane
34
A substance that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse
Neurotransmitter
Transmitter
Neuroconductor
Neurosynapse
35
Chemical analysis of urine would include ___.
Crystals and RBC
Glucose, WBC's and RBC's
Proteins, ketones & glucose
RBC's and WBC's
36
The Lactic Acid System is otherwise known as ___.
anaerobic respiration
anaerobic glycolysis
aerobic respiration
ATP-PC system
37
What is a positive and negative control in an experiment?
The good and bad way of running an experiment
A group in which a known response is expected
A group in which no response is expected
Both used to improve validity & reliability of an experiment
38
This blood type is known as the Universal Donor
Type A+
Type O-
Type B-
Type AB+
39
Engulf and eliminate certain pathogens through phagocytosis
T-Lymphocytes
Antibodies
Macrophages
B-lymphocytes
40
Produced by the pancreas. Increases blood sugar levels.
Glucagon
Parathyroid Hormone
Calcitonin
Insulin
41
This type of nerve causes movement
Interneuron
Association Neuron
Sensory Neuron
Motor Neuron
42
Part B of the action potential graph represents ___.
Resting Potential
Return to Rest
Repolarization
Depolarization
43
The sum of all of the chemical reactions that occur within body cells
Anabolism
Bananabolism
Catabolism
Metabolism
44
Also known as near-sightedness
Myopia
Astigmatism
Hyperopia
Closeopia
45
Produces red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells.
Red bone marrow
Spleen
Thymus
Yellow Bone Marrow
46
What is the primary difference between a reflex and a reaction?
A reaction doesn't send a message to the brain
A reflex takes alot longer to occur
A reflex doesn't send a message to the brain
A reaction slows down the more you have to think about it
47
What is the first stage of healing of a bone fracture?
Remodeling
Bony Callus Formation
Hematoma Formation
Fibrocartilage Callus Formation
48
Releases a secretion by means of a canal or duct
Pituitary Gland
Exocrine Gland
Thyroid Gland
Endocrine Gland
49
Area of the brain responsible for complex thought & reasoning as well as motor function
Pons
Temporal lobe
Cerebellum
Frontal lobe
50
Iris scans, gait, and vein geometry are all forms of ___.
People metrics
Biology measurements
Biomeasuring
Biometrics
51
Area of the brain responsible for life-sustaining functions such as breathing
Brain Stem
Cerebellum
Temporal Lobe
Frontal Lobe
52
Created from B-Cells; can rapidly produce antibodies if pathogen is encountered again
T-Cells
Memory Cells
Macrophages
Plasma Cells
53
What overall net charge is maintained on the
outside
of the neuron?
Negative
Positive
54
This eye condiditon can be corrected with a concave (diverging) lens
Myopia
Astigmatism
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
55
Burn marked by pain, blistering & destruction of dermis
3rd degree
2nd degree
1st degree
4th degree
56
What type of nerve is pictured here?
Interneuron
Motor Neuron
Association Neuron
Sensory Neuron
57
This is the transfer of substances from the nephron tubules to the capillaries
Filtration
Secretion
Osmosis
Reabsorption
58
Muscles moving past one another for movement is known as ____.
action potential
the sliding filament theory
the sliding fiber theory
the head and filament theory
59
What can you determine from the pedigree chart?
The trait is recessive
The trait is sex-linked
The trait only affects females
The trait is autosomal dominant
60
To the side of the Body
Deep
Lateral
Distal
Superior
61
Type of joint most often dislocated
Pivot
Ball-and-Socket
Ellipsoidal
Hinge
62
This gland is located in the neck
Thymus
Pituitary
Adrenal
Thyroid
63
Which best describes how a person would step on a cockroach?
motor neuron-sensory neuron-interneuron
sensory neuron-interneuron-motor neuron
motor neuron-interneuron-sensory neuron
sensory neuron-association neuron-motor neuron
64
Why does a person have a quicker & more aggressive response to a virus after the 1st exposure?
Due to antigens
Due to memory cells
Due to the skin
Due to macrophages
65
This blood type is known as Universal Recipient
Type O
Type AB
Type A
Type B
66
The main filtering unit of the kidney (about 1 million per kidney) is the
Nephron
Renal Artery
Renal Vein
Medullary Pyramids
67
This process occurs in the glomerulus
Filtration
Reabsorption
Urination
Secretion
68
A doctor could potentially diagnose a patient's kidney issues with these tests.
Chemical, ABI, and spirometry
Microscopic, angioplasty, macroscopic
ABI, chemical, and microscopic
Macroscopic, microscopic, and chemical
69
What cuts DNA?
PCR
RFLP's
restriction enzymes
gel electrophoresis
70
You're an x-ray technician. What kind of fracture do you see?
Compression Fracture
Comminuted
Oblique
Transverse
71
What neurotransmitter initiates an action potential to contract muscle?
serotonin
dopamine
adrenaline
acetylcholine
72
This blood type has no antigens on red blood cells
Type O
Type A
Type AB
Type B
73
Pain-inhibiting hormone
Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH)
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Aldosterone
Endorphins
74
Uses an electrical current to separate DNA fragments
RFLPs
Restriction Enzymes
Gel Elecrophoresis
Endonucleases
75
B-cells are produced in the ___ and aid in the body's immunity by producing ___.
thyroid, antibodies
bone marrow, antibodies
bone marrow, antigens
blood, antigens
76
What initiates an action potential to begin?
Calcium ions rushing into the cell
Reaching the threshold
Potassium ions moving into the cell
Sodium ions moving out of the cell
77
Can increase blood calcium levels
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Osteoclasts
Osteoblasts
Calcitonin
78
Based on the gel results how many family members (& who) are
CARRIERS
for sickle cell?
0 - None are carriers of the trait
2 - Carlos and Juanita
2 - Erin and Jason
1 - Eric
79
Enzymes are ___ that ___.
sugars, speed up chemical reactions
proteins, speed up chemical reactions
fats, speed up chemical reactions
nucleic acids, speed up chemical reactions
80
If a patient has high WBC count and urine is cloudy, then they more than likely have ___.
Dehydration
Renal failure
Diabetes
UTI
81
Fibrous membrane covering outer surface of all bones
Periosteum
Diaphysis
Endosteum
Epiphysis
82
What kind of tissue is seen here?
Connective
Neurons
Adipose (fat)
Muscle
83
The basic unit of muscle fiber is called a ___.
filament
nephron
fibril
sarcomere
84
_____ attaches muscle to bone.
Tendons
Ligaments
Fascia
85
This is the transfer of substances from capillaries to the tubules of the nephron
Reabsorption
Secretion
Filtration
Osmosis
86
This is where gas exchange occurs within the lungs.
alveoli
trachea
bronchioles
bronchi
87
BMI is calculated by taking ____ divided by ___.
height, age
height, weight
weight, height
weight, age
88
This type of gland releases hormones directly into the blood stream
exocrine
endocrine
89
Glucose + oxygen yields carbon dioxide, water, and energy is the equation for ___.
anaerobic respiration
aerobic respiration
cellular respiration
fermentation
90
Tidal volume is ___.
normal amount of air during inhalation & exhalation
air breathed out
how much air is left in lungs after breathing out
air breathed in
91
Aldosterone is produced and released from the ___.
adrenal glands
pancreas
hypthalamus
pituitary gland
92
Vital capacity is found by adding ___, ___, and ___.
RV and IR
IRV, ERV and TV
ER and IR
TV, RV, and TLC
93
This measurement shows the amount of air a person can forcefully exhale in one second.
The Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
Inspiratory Reserve (IR)
Tidal Volume (TV)
94
What is the name of structure #4 and what mainly takes place here?
Distal convoluted tubule secretes mainly water and salt
Proximal convoluted tubule secretes mainly water and salt
Collecting duct secretes mainly water and salt
Glomerulus secretes mainly water and salt
95
The skeleton is anatomically correct. Which view are you looking at?
Dorsal
Posterior
Anterior
Ventral