Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment

English chemist; explained how volume, temperature, and pressure of gas affect each other

English philosopher; favored self gov't; people can learn and improve themselves

English scientist; known for skepticism and empiricism (the experimental method)

Dutch scientist; father of microbiology (examined red blood cells)

French author; created the first encyclopedia

Austrian composer; composed over 600 works

German astronomer; proposed laws of planetary motion and elliptical orbits

Dutch scientist; invented first microscope and assisted with invention of 1st optical telescope

Greek astronomer; geocentric universe; believed the universe is a set of "nested spheres"

French philosopher; father of modern philosophy and geometry; "I think, therefore I am."

Italian astronomer; "father of modern physics, observational astronomy, and science"; heretic

French Philosophe; civilization corrupts natural goodness; all are equal

Swedish scientist; proposed a scale for the mercury thermometer with 0 deg. freezing temp

Belgian scientist; Dissected human corpses and published observations; father of human anatomy

German scientist; invented mercury-in-glass thermometer

English mathematician; created laws of motion & gravity, calculus, and the reflecting telescope

Italian scientist; invented mercury barometer (used in weather prediction)

Greek astronomer; geocentric universe; "The first genuine scientist in history"

Polish astronomer; proposed the heliocentric theory of the universe

French Philosophe; checks and balances; "Power... should be a check to power."

English composer; "one of the greatest composers of the baroque era"

French Philosophe; satirical, fought for tolerance, reason, and freedom of religion and speech

German composer; "one of the greatest composers of all time"; composed 300+ works

English scientist; produced the world's first vaccination (smallpox)

English philosopher; "Leviathan" - all humans are selfish and wicked - governments prevent war

recorded mountains of data of planetary motion... and lost his nose in a sword fight

French author; satirist; wrote "Gulliver's Travels"