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AP Gov Test MONSTER Review
AP Gov Test MONSTER Review
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A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam. #apgovernment
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Answers
1
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
The McKinley Act
The Stalwart Law
Pendleton Act
Hatch Act
2
When is a party usually most cohesive in terms of voting as a bloc?
leadership votes
when declaring war
domestic issues
impeachment
3
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They felt the states were too powerful
They feared a strong federal government
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
They wanted a democracy
4
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
Neither
Senate
Both
House
5
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
6
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
the wealthy
white souitherners
unions
blacks
7
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the state's governor
the state's House Reps
the state's senators
the Supreme Court
8
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
Texas v. Johnson
9
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
primaries
policy elections
general elections
10
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political parties today?
patronage
converting voters
polling and policy positions
information management and mobilization
11
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Reynolds v. United States
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Griswold v. Connecticut
Plessy v. Ferguson
12
What action is Congress' best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
impeachment
amendements
regulations
legislation
13
According to the Constitution you must be at least 30 years old to hold what office?
U.S. Representative
U.S. President
U.S. Senator
U.S. Judge
14
All the following constitutionally "bind" states EXCEPT
dual federalism
full faith and credit clause
extradition
privileges and immunities protections
15
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
between the US and states
between a state and a country
between 2 or more states
capital punishment cases
16
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
political parties are involved in electioneering
Parties have legislative goals
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
political parties offer selective benefits
17
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
Why third parties tend to fail
why we have polarization
why we don't have radical parties in the US
Why we have two parties
18
This amendment clarified presidential succession should the President be ill but not dead.
26th
24th
25th
23rd
19
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
Neither
Both
House
Senate
20
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
supremacy clause
limited government
implied powers
elastic clause
21
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the equal protection clause
the free exercise clause
the due process clause
elastic clause
22
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they tied
they were unanimous
they want to lower courts to retry it
they defer to the lower court ruling
23
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
U.S. v. Lopez
Butler v. U.S.
U.S. v. Nixon
24
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Grutter v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
25
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the Supreme Court
the district courts
the circuit courts
26
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
27
Thanks to the 22nd amendment, the President is now inaugurated in this month.
February
December
January
March
28
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
party leaders
delegates
voters
electors
29
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Engel v. Vitale
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Schenk v. the United States
Gitlow v. New York
30
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that banned soft money
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
31
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
The chief Justice oversees the trial
The House decides the charges
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
32
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
how much people complain given how few vote
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
the success of our democracy given how little we know
33
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the courts
the President
the states
the Congress
34
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
make elections less volatile
motivate more people to vote
inject new issues into the policy agenda
safety valve for popular discontent
35
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Miranda v. Arizona
Baker v. Carr
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Gideon v. Wainwright
36
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
sexual orientation
gender
wealth
religion
37
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Know Nothing
Republican
Whig
Democrat
38
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
push polls
key word / phrasing polls
voter perception
exit poLling
39
The purposes of government are discussed in what part of the Constitution?
The Bill of Rights
The Preamble
The Mutual Pledge
The Introduction
40
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
conservative
liberal
41
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
10th
15th
16th
12th
42
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
impeachment
judicial review
judge appointments
file amicus curiae briefs
43
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of currency
the doctrine of sufficiency
44
You must prove you have been directly affected to prove that you have this in court
legitimacy
representation
standing
jurisprudence
45
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The Patriot Act
The Enduring Freedom Act
The Geneva Convention
The War Powers Resolution
46
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
taxation bills
treaty approval
declaring war
creating courts
47
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. Representatives
U.S. judges
U.S. Senators
U.S. President
48
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
the press became more protective of the president
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became apathetic towards the government
49
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Republican
Democrat
50
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
12th
14th
15th
13th
51
When does a federal judge leave office?
After 10 years
after a no confidence vote
when they choose or die
After 5 years
52
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
The Declaration of Independence
the Preamble
The Bill of Rights
the 14th amendment
53
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
54
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
policy positions
"horserace" coverage
the candidate's voting record
fundraising
55
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
attend meetings
think they are in it
register
pay dues
56
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are shorter but more expensive
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
They are longer but cheaper
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
57
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They favor military solutions in most cases.
They have the most expansive powers.
They know a little about many subjects.
They know a lot about a few subjects.
58
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
They coordinate closely with their candidate
their donors can remain anonymous
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
they tend to support incumbents
59
Over time, national party conventions have become less
attended
fun
predictable
contentious
60
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Republicans and Democrats
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Democrats and Whigs
Know Nothings and Whigs
61
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
They cycle out after each presidential election
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
They generally quit before they can be fired
62
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
7
5
6
4
63
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
They coordinate closely with candidates
They are for profit taxable organizations
they disclose the names of contributors
they produce issue ads
64
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
5
4
6
7
65
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
concurrent powers
incumbency
fiscal federalism
fiscal policy
66
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
67
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
judicial review
separation of powers
checks and balances
limited government
68
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
interest groups
the bureaucracy
the candidate
the party
69
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
instructed delegate model
politico model
trustee model
agency model
70
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Lawrence v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
Smith v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
71
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
unlawful imprisonment
unlawful searches
quartering troops in your home
treason charges
72
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Medicaid
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Medicare
Social Security
73
An incumbent
is seeking office for the first time
has a 50% chance of being successful.
is running for re-election
has a hareder time raising money
74
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
authorization bills
fiscal cliffs
government shutdowns
omnibus bills
75
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
appellate
district
federal
state
76
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but have that affect are ok
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
Barron v. Baltimore
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
77
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
religion
age
race
gender
78
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the whole process takes one day
Only 12 states hold them
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
79
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
The CBO is a partisan organization
80
If an issue has high saliency it means
Lots of attention is being paid and it could swing votes
few people are paying attention
It has a short "shelf life"
Lots of people are paying attention but few care
81
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
82
The following plans / compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except?
3/5 Compromise
Slave Trade
Connecticut
Virginia Plan
83
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
Employment Division v. Smith
Reed v. Reed
Harris v. Forklift Systems
84
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
Senate
House
85
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
property owner
male
Christian
white
86
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The Council on Economic Advisors
The White House Staff
The GOA
The OMB
87
What was the first form of mass media?
television
daily newspapers
telegraph
radio
88
All of the following are legislative bodies related to the budget process EXCEPT
The House Ways and Means Committee
Congressional Budget Office
The Senate Finance Committee
The Office of Management and Budget
89
What is the President's primary role in national security?
UN Ambassador
Party Leader
Commander in Chief
Reprieves and pardons
90
Which of the following can the President do?
veto laws
Initiate laws
Initiate constitutional amendments
Declare war
91
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
newscast
press conference
politics
narrowcast
92
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Democratic
Whig
Republican
Dixiecrat
93
What is the only presidential foreign policy action that is self executing?
diplomatic recognition
executive agreements
waging war
appointing ambassadors
94
What is the status of the constitutionality of the War Powers Resolution?
It has been struck down.
It is currently pending.
It has not been tested.
It has been upheld.
95
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
It's not
Article VI
Article I
Article III
96
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
shrink the # of courts
executive order
a recess appointment
a veto war
97
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
the writing of the party platform
a debate between the two leading candidates
candidate nomination
98
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you get more conservative
you attend to the news
you vote more
You vote for Democrats
99
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
lawyers and judges
criminals
police officers & teachers
attorneys
100
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
entitlements
deficit spending
tax indexing
tax loopholes
101
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article III
Article V
Article IV
Article VI
102
Presidential authority to strip out parts of bills without rejecting the whole bill is known as
ways and means
discretionary spending
the pocket veto
the line item veto
103
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
appointments
eliminate agencies
reorganize budgets
issue executive orders
104
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Germans and Italians should also be interned
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
105
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
taxation
establishing courts
police power
printing currency
106
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
House
Both
Neither
Senate
107
The distance between a law and implentation is called
slippage
bureaucratic distance
appellate jurisdiction
administrative discretion
108
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia
Mapp v. Ohio
109
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Griswold v. Connecticut
Roe v. Wade
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Gideon v. Wainwright
110
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
beat
scandal
leak
interview
111
House or Senate? Committee assignments are based on seniority.
House
Both
Neither
Senate
112
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The Congressional Budget Office
The Bean Counting Patrol
The Federal Reserve
The General Accounting Office
113
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
114
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
NAACP v. Alabama
Mapp v. Ohio
Gregg v. Georgia
Miranda v. Arizona
115
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
116
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Gratz v. Bollinger
117
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
enumerated powers
block grants
categorical grants
unfunded madates
118
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
119
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
The Supreme Court
District Courts
Circuit Courts
Superior Courts
120
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
casework
joint committee
caucus
conference committee
121
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
merit system
due diligence
patronage
due process
122
What is the purpose of a caucus in the House, Senate, or combination of both?
To focus their collective energy of a specific area
To stop legislation
To stop amendments
To iron differences out on controversial topics
123
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Legislative
The Executive
The Judicial
The Bureaucracy
124
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
limited government
separation of power
judicial review
checks and balances
125
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
22nd
23rd
21st
20th
126
To hold what federal office must you have been a citizen for 7 years?
U.S. Representative
U.S. Judge
U.S. Senator
U.S. President
127
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
128
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
advertising
patronage
providing government services
voter fraud
129
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to reward big fundraisers
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
130
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Government Corporations
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet positions
Independent Executive Agencies
131
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
9
7
10
11
132
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
ticket-splitting
fundraising
voting
protesting
133
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
more powerful states
more uniformity
no states would exist
direct democracy
134
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
restate the oath
inform Congress about the state of the Union
hold a joint session of Congress
Give a speech
135
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
reserved
federalism
granted
enumerated
136
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on odd/ unusual
they focus on issues
They focus on individuals
they tend to be liberal
137
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They do polling
They provide endorsements
They raise most of the money
They know the election laws in that state
138
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
The Gettysburg Address
The Declaration of Independence
The Constitution
Common Sense
139
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
adminstrative discretion
regulation
issue networks
due process
140
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Veteran's Affairs
Appropriations
Ethics
Energy and Commerce
141
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to advertise the candidate
to officially nominate a candidate
to energize the party faithful
to debate policy openly
142
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
McCain v. BCRA
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
US v. Nixon
143
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
attorneys, judges
3 judges, witnesses
5 judges, juries
4 judges, law fairies
144
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
slander is spoken and libel is written
libel in spoken and slander is written
145
This amendment ended slavery
14th
13th
12th
15th
146
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the states
the voters through referendum
the Suoreme Court
the U.S. Congress
147
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
limited contributions
required reporting of income/spending
required candidtes to take public funds
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
148
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
television
new state election laws
staffing requirements
inflation
149
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
runaway spending
separation of powers
rapid passage of laws
voter apathy
150
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They feared a stronger federal power.
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
They opposed federal taxation
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
151
What law requires employers to reasonably accommodate people with disabilities?
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Disabled Accommodation Act
152
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
a court order
an executive order by the Governor
the state legislative baody banned it
an initiative was passed
153
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
Earl Warren
Warren Burger
John Roberts
William Rehnquist
154
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
17th
19th
18th
20th
155
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
farm subsidies are illegal
The federal government was regulating trade within states
the stock market must be reformed
government regulation is illegal
156
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
inherent powers
original intent
free exercise
judicial activism
157
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being female
being wealthy
being young
being educated
158
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
to regulate interstate trade
to create courts
negotiate treaties
to tax
159
What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?
naturalization
bankruptcy supervision
admiralty and maritime law
civil suits from those in different states over $75000
160
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Schaffley v. Hoke
Craig v. Boren
ERA v. Hunt
Reed v. Reed
161
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Nixon
Goldwater
Reagan
H.W. Bush
162
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
McClesky v. Kemp
Furman v. Georgia
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gregg v. Georgia
163
All of the following are types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
popular person-based
revolutionary
issue / cause
splinter
164
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
running for office
voting
petitioning
protest
165
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
3 years
1 year
2 years
6 months
166
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
extradition
nullification
devolution
Nixon's New Federalismj
167
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
Neither
Both
Senate
House
168
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
2/3 or 75%
the largest percentage of all candidates
50% +1
100%
169
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
170
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they have a larger population
They more reliably vote for the party
they raise the most money for the party
they have the most registered party members
171
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
liberal
conservative
172
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He stepped down after 3 years
He "flipped" to the conservative side
He "flipped" to the liberal side
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
173
Why are signing statements controversial?
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
They are relatively new in presidential history
they are executive orders in disguise
174
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Tinker v. DesMoines
Miller v. California
175
The United States government is accurately described as
an autocracy
a unitary federation
a democracy
a republic
176
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
they have become more ideological
they have become more informed
They have less trust in the governmnt
They have voted more often
177
How many levels are the federal court system?
two
four
five
three
178
What type of primary do political parties like best?
blanket
open
closed
unicameral
179
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Impeachment
Taxation
Declare War
Approve treaties
180
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
executive orders
executive agreements
selective enforcement
veto override
181
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Mapp v. Ohio
Miranda v. Arizona
NAACP v. Alabama
Gideon v. Wainwright
182
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
all war reporters are members of the military
183
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
declare war
veto
tax
appointments
184
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
185
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
186
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
House
Both
Neither
Senate
187
Which amendment banned alcohol in the U.S.?
19th
21st
25th
18th
188
During the Clinton administration, government spending was addressed by "offsets" meaning
increased spending in one area must be offset by cuts
department budgets would all be cut to zero and built back
estate taxes would be raised each time spending went up
savings from making cuts are converted to tax cuts
189
Conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
conservative
liberal
190
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
the internet
satellite tv
netflix
cable television
191
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
union
direct democracy
confederation
unitary democracy
192
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
assemble
vote
pray
free speech
193
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Freedom Act
Patriot Act
Wikileaks Act
Protect America Act
194
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
retiring officials that become lobbyists
legislation that has wide appeal
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
195
How many years must you have lived in the US to be President?
30 years
15 years
20 years
14 years
196
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
coattails
endorsements
approval ratings
bandwagon
197
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
tax loopholes
sequestration
foreign banks
bond sales
198
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
Senate
House
Neither
Both
199
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all interest groups
They are all informal
They are all agents of socialization
They are all potential groups
200
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
all governments in the US
only the executive power
only the federal government
the state governments
201
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
race
gender
age
sexual orientation
202
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Bureaucracy
Executive
Legislative
Judicial
203
The significance of campaign strategy
is generally overstated
is that it sets the policy agenda
is that it typically converts voters
is often underestimated
204
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
Giibbons v. Ogden
Fletcher v. Peck
McCullough v. Maryland
Dartmouth v. Woodward
205
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
conservative
liberal
206
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
editorials are held to a different standard
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
207
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates
proportionally
?
Democrats
Republicans
208
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
Teddy Roosevelt
John Kennedy
Franklin Roosevelt
Richard Nixon
209
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Republican
Democrat
210
Unstated powers that are logically
delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
inherent
supremacy powers
enumerated
reserved
211
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed long term?
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
voter apathy
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
212
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article II
Article I
Article III
Article IV
213
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
214
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
support from interest groups
increased staff
seniority in committee assignments
expanded budget authority
215
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Miller v. California
Lemon v. Kutzman
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
216
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
asians
women
migrant workers
hispanics
217
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They indicate the President's intentions
They are binding for the next President
They need Senate approval
They need UN approval
218
What federal agency oversees all hiring, providing 3 candidates to the hiring agency?
National Labor Relations Board
The Bureaucratic Management Agency
The Office of Personnel Management
The Civil Service Commission
219
Conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
220
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
You can only have one or the other, not both
cooperative federalism canceled fiscal federalism
fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
221
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
gender
race
religion
wealth
222
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
lobbying
approve appintments
hearings
deregulation
223
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
they are more common than caucuses
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
states have them on different dates
there is a ballot
224
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
required reporting of PAC contributions
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
eliminated the public funding option
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
225
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have elections more often
Their parties are more organized
They have more party cohesion
They have more parties
226
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
2/3
3/4
51%
unanimous
227
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
exclusion
inaccessibility
accommodation
disability
228
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
8th
12th
11th
10th
229
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
idealogues
nature of the times
low information
groups benefits
230
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis accurate
iis a requirement in a democracy
may be ideal but isn't realistic
231
Teacher led prayers violate the
free exercise clause
due process clause
no establishment clause
equal protectiion clause
232
What case established that broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Miller v, California
Texas v. Johnson
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
233
What is casework?
How a lawyer prepares for trial
Constituent services
Preparation for committee hearings
research Congressional staffers do for committees
234
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
Neither
Senate
Both
House
235
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
bicameral
closed
blanket
open
236
What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?
Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue
Officials put party loyalty before their constituents
none of the above
Officials put their constituents before their party
237
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
filing class action lawsuits
iron triangles
passing laws
rule-making
238
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
the nightly news
a poll
interviews with media
tv ads
239
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
hire lobbyists
obtain standing
file amicus curiae briefs
testify
240
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
241
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Reed v. Reed
Shaw v. Reno
Shaw v. Hunt
242
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The Senaste
The Electoral College
The President
The House of Representatives
243
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
media culture
incumbency advantage
selective perception
party identification
244
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
245
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
medicare
education
defense
foreign aid
246
How long do national party conventions typically last?
4 days
1 week
1 day
3 days
247
What American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Alexander Hamilton
Andrew Jackson
Thomas Jefferson
William McKinley
248
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it harder to get on the ballot
giving free tv time to candidates
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
making it easier to register to vote
249
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
they are either concurring or dissenting
All are written by the Chief Justice
They must be unaninmous
250
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Dixiecrats
Whigs
Populists
Know Nothings
251
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
fiscal federalism
dual federalism
cooperative federalism
new federalism
252
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
16th
19th
18th
17th
253
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
it is contentious
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
it is nonexistent
254
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Grutter v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
255
What case established that the government can regulate corporations under the commerce clause?
Munn v. Illinois
Sweatt v. Paint
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Gibbons v. Ogden
256
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
it caters to low information voters
the early states get too much attention
the early states are not representative of the US population
few people participate
257
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
primaries
literacy tests
poll taxes
grandfather clauses
258
This amendment protects states from lawsuits from people not living in the state.
9th
12th
11th
10th
259
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are fiundraising
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
They are being nominated
260
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
less red tape
lobbyists
endorsements
more authority and bigger budgets
261
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a pen
a microphone
a shovel
a light saber
262
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
primaries
the power of interest groups
short terms
strong parties
263
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
writing The Feminine Mystique
founding the National Organization for Women
Starting Ms. Magazine
264
Another term for prior restraint is
warrant
censorship
arrest
subpoena
265
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the equal protection clause
the due process clause
the necessary and propoer clause
the elastic clause
266
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
McCullough v. Maryland
Fletcher v. Peck
Marbury v. Madison
Gibbons v. Ogden
267
According to Max Weber, all of the following are characteristics of bureaucracies EXCEPT
promotion based on merit
chain of command
reliance on technology
division of labor
268
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
it is the end of the President's second term
the nominee is older
The Senate and President are from different parties
the nominee is relatively unknown
269
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
The Conservative Era was over
politicians must take clear positions on issues
270
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to see how high it will go without popping
to launch a campaign
to mend fences after a scandal
271
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
bureaucrats
interest groups
legilslators
the President
272
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Miranda v. Arizona
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
273
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
White House Staff
The Executive Offices
The cabinet
the Vice President
274
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
religion
race
age
gender
275
The two models of organization for White House Staff are hiearchical and
wheel and spoke
circular
solar
flat
276
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Smith and Wesson
Hearst and Pulitzer
Raymour and Flanigan
Cooper and Flanigan
277
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
coordinate campaigns
articulate policies
pick candidates
run polls on election day
278
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
judicial restraint
judicial activism
strict constructionism
due process
279
What agency insures that employees are allowed to organize labor unions?
NLRB
FTC
SEC
ICC
280
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
the population is shifting to the south
We will soon be a majority minority nation
Blacks outnumber hispanics
281
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Republican
Democrat
282
This amendment says Congress can't raise their own salaries.
27th
24th
26th
25th
283
Franking is
a duty given to US elected officials
a privilege granted to US elected officials
Unregulated
Illegal
284
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
Gay Rights
The Equal Rights Amendment
Fuel Independence
Tutle IX
285
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
286
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Republican
Democrat
287
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They might alienate viewers
They are inherently patriotic
they need access to government officials
288
Across the board cuts that result when the budget process bogs down are called
omnibus bills
structural debt
sequestration
regressive taxing
289
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
Military personnel make up the largest segment
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
290
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
It is nonexistent
It is longer
it is shorter
It is more in depth
291
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
impoundment
budget resolution
sequestration
fiscal cliff
292
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
immigrants
blacks
native americans
migrant workers
293
Most elected officials use this model of leadership
politico model
trustee model
instructed delegate model
agency model
294
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
Fuel taxes
Income taxes
Corporate taxes
Tariffs
295
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Griswold v. Connecticut
Roe v. Wade
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Gideon v. Wainwright
296
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title XX
Title XI
Title V
Title IX
297
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Securities and Exchange Commission
Federal Trade Commission
Public Broadcasting Corporation
Federal Communications Commission
298
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
24 hour news channels
consolidation of news outlets
the prevalence of sound bites
Internet ads
299
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
it was unchanged
expanded it / made bigger
contracted it / made smaller
it was inconsistent
300
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
sequestration
the nuclear option
the filibuster
free exercise
301
The goal of the Graham-Rudman-Hollings act of the 1980s had what goal?
a balanced budget
passing a flat tax
returning budget initiation to Congress
a deficit tied to the GDP
302
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
politico
trustee
instructed delegate
division of labor
303
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
slow and deliberate
impossible
through consesnsus
speedy and swift
304
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
economic indicators
character ratings
foreign policy achievements
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
305
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
306
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Snyder v. Phelps
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Texas v. Johnson
307
If a legislature declares a whole group of people to be criminals, that is called a _______?
de facto prosecution
extradition
ex post facto law
bill of attainder
308
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Electioneering during work hours
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
Leaking information to the press
309
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
Clinton
Reagan
W. Bush
H,W. Bush
310
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
To build enthusiasm
To raise money
To select a candidate for the general election
to produce a party platform
311
What case established that it's constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Tinker v. DesMoines
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
312
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
criminal
appellate
justiceable
civil
313
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
24th
22nd
23rd
25th
314
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
The Chief Magistrate
the U.S. Marshalls
The Chief Justice
The Solicitor General
315
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
John Locke
Adam Smith
Montesquieu
Thomas Hobbes
316
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
Gitlow v. New York
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
317
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
a warrant
oral argument
opinion
writ of certiori
318
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
Article V
Article II
No part
Article III
319
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
electioneering
polarization
gerrymandering
filibustering
320
The effect of iron triangles is typically
elitism
hyperpluralism
pluralism
socialism
321
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
U.S. v. Lopez
McCullough v. Maryland
Marbury v. Madison
Gibbons v. Ogden
322
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
fill vacancies
issue pardons
nominate officials
execute the law
323
Incrementalism in the budget process leads to
the military industrial complex
delays / slow budget negotiations
inevitable growth in budgets
budget reconciliation
324
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet positions
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
325
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
pardoning criminals
receiving foreign heads of state
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
326
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
2/3
3/4
1/2
100%
327
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they are taking clear positions on issues
they increase campaign spending
they participate in debates
They are avoiding media attention
328
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
San Quentin
Alcatraz
Los Alamos
Guantanamo
329
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
abortion
school
police
zoning
330
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to streamline platform writing
to regulate campaign finance
to make delegate selection more democratic
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
331
Who are the litigants in a case?
the members of the jury
the judges
the lawyers
the plaintiff and defendent
332
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Interstate Commerce Commission
Federal Reserve
Securities and Exchange
Federal Trade Commission
333
Conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
liberal
conservative
334
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
Supreme and District
District only
Supreme and Appeals
District and Appeals
335
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
state of the union
bully pulpit
neutral competence
electoral mandate
336
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Shaw v. Reno
harris v. Forklift Systems
Craig v. Boren
Reed v. North Carolina
337
Which of the following is not one of the purposes mentioned in the Preamble?
due process
establish justice
ensure domestic tranquility
provide for the general welfare
338
Conservative or Liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
liberal
conservative
