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Duplicate of Ap World History Mid Term Review
Duplicate of Ap World History Mid Term Review
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AP World 1st Semester
Flashcards
95 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
What military technologies did the Silk Road spread?
The war elephant, hardtack, and Arabian horses
The field hospital, the broadsword, and the poison arrow
Chariot warfare, mounted bowmen, and the stirrup
The lance, chain mail, and gunpowder
2
The largest, most technologically advanced ship in the Indian Ocean was the Chinese
dhow.
skow.
galley.
junk.
3
The first Mongol conquests under Genghis Khan were in
Egypt.
Central Asia, the Middle East, and Russia.
China.
Japan and Korea.
4
One of the most sacred places for pilgrimage in Hinduism is
the Ganges River.
Shiva's temple in Bengal
the Khyber pass
the Deccan plain.
5
The Chinese acquired silk by
hiring Japanese labor to work in textile mills.
encouraging Chinese silk pirate who raided merchant shipping
raising silkworms and pioneering silk cloth production.
importing raw silk from Europe.
6
The critical cause of the scientific revolution was:
disc.of New World by explorer convince earlier ideas wereINC
reintroduction of ancient writings of Greek & Roman science
rejection of rel. authority by ppl weary of Catholic corrupt
challenge 2 prevailing conception of universe by Aristotle
7
Why was becoming Christian considered an act of disloyalty in the Roman Empire?
Rome had a strong monotheistic tradition.
Christians could not worship the emperor as a deity.
Christian theology req'd all ppl live in a Christian utopia
Rome required all citizens to learn about world religions
8
The pharaoh Akhenaten is credited by many historians with
the invention of monotheism.
damaging the economy beyond repair.
implementing political reforms that harmed many Egyptians.
linking his wealth to the traditional system.
9
The rainy and dry seasons in the Indian Ocean reflect the influence of
El Nino.
the monsoons.
the Gulf Stream.
the jet stream.
10
The 1054 schism between Eastern & Western churches was caused primarily by disagreements over
monophysitism.
how mass should be celebrated.
Arianism.
the jurisdiction of the western papacy
11
The Greek concept of democracy included political participation by
all free, native-born, adult males.
both men and women.
military officers only.
a council of priests.
12
Muhammad conceived Islam after
experiencing revelations.
being possessed by a shaitan.
many years of religious study in a mosque.
dreaming about Ishmael from the Old Testament.
13
Muhammad's revelations from the angel are compiled in a book called
the Third Testament
the Quran.
the Ka'ba.
the Hadith.
14
The political organization of the Celts was
a centralized authoritarian structure in Germany.
subordinated to Roman authority.
an organized hierarchy based on clans throughout Europe
none- each Celtic group was regional and followed no 1 ruler
15
To promote his ideas, Luther used
troubadours to sing of his greatness.
the printing press.
peasant armies.
indulgences.
16
The wars and devastation of the early modern era in Europe resulted in
fed the people, the people should be loyal.
ruled absolutely without controls, harmony would ensue.
was elected by the people, he could rule forever.
abused his or her power, the people had a duty to rebel.
17
Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca Empire with
180 men.
18,000 men.
1,800 men.
180,000 men.
18
The Enlightenment was termed such because it:
suggested criticism would lighten rule of absolutist leaders
was carried out by enlightened ppl who were often persecuted
embraced a heliocentric universe by society of intellectuals
proposed a fusion of Christianity and Buddhism
19
The characteristic ship of the Arabian Sea was the
dhow.
galley.
junk.
skow.
20
The Persian provinces were administered by
utilizing native rulers loyal to the king.
satraps or hereditary provincial governors.
large occupying armies and harsh discipline.
direct control from the king.
21
What are the criteria for "civilization?"
record keeping
cities
control of a geographic area as a means of power
All of these are components of civilization
22
The Chinese political system that relied primarily on strict laws and punishments
Legalism.
Daoism.
Confucianism.
Moism.
23
The main reason for the decline of the Roman Republic was
an impoverished population.
political decentralization.
military leaders w/armies loyal 2 them rather than the state
ongoing wars in trying to expand to an empire.
24
Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley civilizations were all
based on fertile floodplains and river valleys.
derived from a still undiscovered, "watershed" civilization.
based on beer brewing and female labor.
made possible by large agricultural surpluses.
25
Islam means
leader of God's people.
surrender to the will of God.
the true belief.
the one true religion.
26
The Mandate of Heaven meant that the ruler retained the right to rule as long as
he produced a male heir.
he performed the correct ritual sacrifices.
he remained the strongest in the kingdom.
he remained a wise and principled guardian of his people.
27
The subsequent split of supporters to different caliphs, or successors, divided the umma into
Sunnis and Sufis.
Shi'a and Mobad.
Shi'ites and Sunnis.
Mobad and Quran.
28
Other than fulfilling his personal religious obligations, Mansa Musa's pilgrimage resulted in
disappearance of Buddhist practice in Mali.
contraction of the Malian economy.
decrease in Malian taxes.
construction of new mosques and Quranic schools in Mali.
29
During the Song period, women experienced subordination and social restriction, epitomized by
footbinding.
veiling.
a decrease in voting rights.
widow-burning.
30
Christopher Columbus was from
Genoa.
Portugal.
Spain.
Sicily.
31
Which Roman emperor ushered in tolerance acceptance & eventual dominance of Christianity?
Brucellosis
Constantine
Tiberius
Diocletian
32
Muslim religious practice is based on the
Ten Commandments.
Three Goals to Salvation.
Five Pillars.
Eightfold Path.
33
When Alexander the Great died, his vast empire
was broken up into three Macedonian dynasties.
fragmented into many separate states.
reverted to its former Persian rulers.
continued to be administered as unified by his successors.
34
Columbus insisted that he had reached
the West Indies.
the New World.
the Indian Ocean.
China.
35
Cortes had which advantages in conquering the Aztecs?
Firearms and horses
An alliance with the Tlaxacans
All of these
Smallpox
36
Mecca is an important city because it.
is the rival city to Jerusalem.
is a caravan city and pilgrimage site of the Ka'bba.
is abundantly watered and needs no irrigation for crops.
has an unusually cold climate for the Arabian peninsula.
37
The varna system developed in order to create
a uniform legal code in India.
standardized religious beliefs.
an integrated economic system to aid merchants.
social order between groups.
38
The center of political action in the Roman Republic was
the Plebeian Council.
annually elected civic officials.
the Senate.
the Council of Nobles.
39
The Renaissance began in
eastern France.
southern England.
southern Russia.
northern Italy.
40
What caused the end of serfdom in western Europe?
the Black Death
the rise of cities
the poor agricultural productivity of the early 14th century
the rise of popular literature
41
The Tang Empire declined when
earthquakes and tidal waves destroyed coastal cities.
plague swept the capital.
political decay and military decline undermined social order
Grand Canal silted up&the gov't couldn't afford to dredge it
42
To facilitate communication and trade between northern and southern China, the Sui built the
Great Wall.
Yangtze River Highway.
Trans China Relay System.
Grand Canal.
43
A significant difference in Roman expansion versus Greek was that Romans:
extended some citizenship to most conquered populations
did not have a standardized language.
conquered only to obtain slaves.
did not impose taxes.
44
Crucial to Egypt's agriculture was
favor of the gods
proximity to the Nile River
regular rainfall south of the delta
a complex system of aqueducts
45
The first Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with
awe.
panic and fear.
open arms.
insulting laughter.
46
A fief was
any small and independent kingdom.
a small, nonhereditary manor.
a grant of land exchanged for military service.
any estate governed by a hereditary lord.
47
The greatest change caused by the gradual adoption of agriculture was
a global population increase.
a global population decrease
a major die-off of wild species.
major migrations to the temperate zones.
48
Social and political organization in the North American tribes was dependent on
conquest.
tribute systems.
chiefdoms.
thanes.
49
Why did the Ming court suspend the voyages of Zheng He?
Zheng He's fleet was sunk by Portuguese naval might.
Chinese suffered epidemic from contacts in the Indian Ocean
The gov't believed that little could be gained by exploring
The poor weather of the Indian Ocean made voyages 2 unsafe.
50
The reincarnation of the atman into a given class depends on
karma or deeds in life.
physical strength.
economic standing in society.
place within the caste system.
51
After Muhammad's death, the Muslim community
chose a caliph, Abu Bakr.
abandoned the orthodox teachings of Islam.
searched for a successor according to Muhammad instructions
held general elections to replace Muhammad.
52
The emperor Yongle improved the imperial complex built by the Mongols called the
Heavenly Gates.
Imperial House.
Dragon's Court.
Forbidden City.
53
What natural resource provided the incentive to trade for southern Saharan dwellers?
Salt
Palm oil
Caffeine
Cotton
54
What changes transformed later medieval military technology?
Firearms and crossbows with metal-tipped arrows
An organization of knights into armies&primitive bio warfare
The catapult
Universal male conscription and the invention of the mace
55
Which Russian ruler was the first to use the term "tsar"?
Peter the Great.
Alexander Nevskii.
Ivan IV.
Ivan III.
56
Information about ancient Israel can be found in the
Hebrew Bible.
Rig Veda.
chronicles of Abraham.
Rosetta stone.
57
Who attempted to write the first world history?
Rashid al-Din
The Abbasid caliph
Ibn Battuta
Marco Polo
58
What is meant by the "balance of power" in early modern Europe?
a dependence on naval forces 2 create the strongest military
Which country had accumulated the most overseas colonies
Promise by European states 2 not war w/other Christan nation
Form alliance w/other state 2ensure that no1 Bcame 2powerful
59
Why did the peoples of the New World lack immunity to the diseases of the Europeans?
Disease did not exist in the Americas.
their long isolation from other continents.
they had a different DNA structure than Europeans.
Significant differences in dietary structure.
60
Sailing in the Indian Ocean was less difficult and dangerous than in other places because
there are many islands suitable for refueling.
it isn't an ocean, but rather a large saltwater lake.
it is shallow.
the monsoon winds are predictable.
61
The Late Bronze Age in the Middle East was a "cosmopolitan era" because
elements of culture were widely shared.
lifestyles were radically different from what had gone B4
different groups of people remained isolated.
it was primarily an urban-based society
62
English political philosopher John Locke asserted that if the monarch
ruled absolutely without controls, harmony would ensue.
was elected by the people, he could rule forever.
abused his or her power, the people had a duty to rebel.
fed the people, the people should be loyal.
63
The Treaty of Verdun resulted in
division of Holy Roman Empire among Charlemagne's grandsons
a reconciliation between Orthodox and Cath. Christian sects
the declaration of Roman Christianity 4 Charlemagnes kingdom
an end 2 hostilities between Muslims and Christians in Spain
64
Agricultural workers who belonged to the manor and were obligated to the lord were
mobads.
satraps.
serfs.
bailiffs.
65
The Aztecs formed their empire by
negotiating to divide desired geographic areas.
ruthlessly conquering other peoples.
marry into neighboring tribes 2 create a homogeneous society
peacefully coexisting on the basis of mutual interests.
66
Diaspora means
faith.
scattering.
fulfillment.
separation.
67
The ultimate spiritual reward in Buddhism is
nirvana.
everlasting life in heaven.
union with the ancestors.
material wealth.
68
The Bubonic Plague was brought to Europe by
Genoese traders
Chinese explorers
Mongol invaders
Christian monks
69
Greek poleis or city-states developed because of
aggressive outside cultures.
Greek geography, especially mountains, separated populations
previous patterns of political organization.
mistrust between competing groups.
70
The term investiture controversy refers to the
amount of power local priests were allowed.
conflict over choosing new popes.
struggle for control of ecclesiastical appointments.
debate over how to invest church funds.
71
The movement that began with the rejection of the pope's authority was the
Orthodox Reformation.
Protestant Reformation.
Peasant Movement.
Catholic Reformation.
72
Llamas and alpacas were valued by the Incas for
transportation.
all of the these.
wool.
food.
73
Greece was organized into city-states called
satrapies.
poleis.
nomes.
shires.
74
Agriculture in Mesopotamia depended on
the region's high annual rainfall
the introduction of wheat crops
artificial canals and irrigation.
large numbers of animals for fertilizer
75
The Glorious Revolution established what in England?
A House of Commons in parliament
A Puritan dominated church
An empire more expansive than any other European power.
A constitution and a bill of rights
76
In 1265, major divisions emerged between the Mongol khans because
Batu and Khubilai teamed up against Jagadai.
some refused to accept an alliance with the Mamluks.
many branches refused to accept Khubilai as Great Khan.
Jagadai did not accept Shamanism.
77
The tropics are warm all year round. The center of the tropical zone is marked by the
Gulf Stream.
polar caps.
equator.
Sahara Desert.
78
The Great Western Schism originated over
where the seat of Catholicism should B Rome / Constantinople
whether or not women could be priests.
whether or not priests could be married.
the nationality of the pope.
79
The greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the Early Middle Ages were
Mongols.
Vikings.
Celts.
Ostrogoths.
80
Two indigenous Chinese philosophies that emerged from the Warring States Period are
Confucianism and Jainism.
Confucianism and Buddhism.
Confucianism and Hinduism.
Confucianism and Daoism.
81
The Phoenicians developed a system of writing based on
later Egyptian hieroglyphics.
an alphabet, in which each symbol represented a sound.
Mesopotamian cuneiform.
pictograms, which were similar to Chinese writing.
82
What 2 nations began a maritime revolution that profoundly altered the course of world history?
China and Japan
Germany and Russia
England and France
Portugal and Spain
83
Which animal was most important to Saharan transportation?
Cows
Camels
Donkeys
Horses
84
Women in Maya society were
Rulers by ancient tradition and ritual
Allowed to live in segregated communities
Central to the religious and economic life of every home
Granted rights only while serving in temples
85
Martin Luther insisted that the only way to salvation was through
relying on "good works."
religious faith.
loyalty to the Vatican.
paying money to the church.
86
John Calvin preached that salvation was granted by
good thoughts.
sobriety.
good works.
predestination
87
By instituting civil service examinations for entrance into the government bureaucracy the Song
ensured only the wealthy would retain positions of power
recruited the most talented men for government service.
tried to limit the number of civil servants.
drove the most talented people out of the country.
88
The Mongol leader, the khan,
had no power to make decisions but retained a veto.
had absolute power in decision making.
had his decisions ratified by a council.
was a figurehead only.
89
The term Hellenistic Age refers to the
Macedonian Empire during Alexander's reign.
influence of Asian culture on Greece.
Greek influence over nonGreek ppl in N Africa and W Asia
peaceful period within Greece itself.
90
Most sub-Saharan languages come from one large linguistic family, called
Semitic.
Bantu.
Sudanese-Zulu.
Swahili.
91
The Portuguese gained control of the eastern Indian Ocean through
conquest.
marriage
diplomatic negotiation.
trade alliances.
92
A significant challenge to early astronomers was that of a heliocentric universe was argued by
Frances Bacon
Nicholas Copernicus
Galileo Galilei.
Johannes Keppler
93
Muslim means
holy people.
one who makes submission.
the one true religion.
first followers.
94
Mansa Kankan Musa made a famous pilgrimage that
was inspired by the death of Muhammad.
spread Christianity to West Africa.
led to the Christian Crusades.
demonstrated the enormous wealth of his country.
95
The three great Greek classical philosophers are
Achilles, Hippocrates, and Sappho.
Eurypides, Pericles, and Darius.
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
Diogenes, Euclid, and Ptolemy.