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7th Grade Earth Science
7th Grade Earth Science
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1
The names of the three major groups of rocks refer to:
time required for rocks to form
how the rocks formed
size of grains
when the rocks formed
2
What is the grain of igneous rock formed when magma cools quickly?
medium grain
coarse grain
large grain
fine grain
3
Layers in sedimentary rock are called
sand
strata
talc
levels
4
Which of the following is a characteristic of a mineral?
it has a crystalline structure
it is made of once-living material
it can be a liquid
it is man made
5
During the rock cycle, what product forms when magma cools?
metamorphic rock
sedimentary rock
lava
igneous rock
6
The color of the powder that a mineral leaves on a piece of white porcelain is called the _____
scratch
streak
color
luster
7
Erosion and deposition play roles in the formation of what kind of rock?
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
mineral
metamorphic rock
8
A possible result of plates moving along a transform boundary is
sea floor spreading
a volcano
mountain folding
an earthquake
9
What do scientists know about an undisturbed sequence of rocks?
Older rocks are on top of younger rocks.
Older rocks have eroded away above the younger rocks
younger rocks are under older rocks
younger rocks are on top of older rocks
10
What kind of rock is formed from lava that cools on the Earth's surface?
intrusive igneous rock
metamorphic rock
extrusive igneous rock
sedimentary rock
11
How do scientists classify rocks?
by color and size
by composition and texture
by volume
by mass
12
Which of the following events causes a slow change to Earth's surface?
asteroid strike
volcanic eruption
earthquake
wind erosion
13
How do geologists use the geologic time scale?
to represent the ideal sequence of rocks and fossils
to date rock layers
to predict future extinction events
to divide Earth's history into manageable parts
14
Which of the following is property used to classify minerals?
hardness
size
mass
volume
15
What did marine fossils discovered on a Canadian mountaintop tell geologists?
It was a hoax. Someone put it there.
Marine species once lived on land
The positions of the rock layers have not changed
The rocks were once below the ocean
16
The movement of tectonic plates at a convergent boundary can cause
trench formation
mid ocean ridges
volcanic eruptions
tornadoes
17
When sedimentary rock is exposed to heat and pressure, what does it change into?
sedimentary rock
lava
metamorphic rock
igneous rock
18
What determines the composition of a rock?
weathering of nearby rocks
texture it has
minerals it is made of
deposition that occurs nearby
19
Igneous rock usually begins as
crystals
fissures
magma
sand
20
Why is the fossil record incomplete?
Paleontologists don't study animal fossils
Most organisms never became fossils
Most organisms had bony skeletons
There isn't enough amber
21
A fossil used to date surrounding rock layers is called a(n)
mold fossil
trace fossil
cast fossil
index fossil
22
How does a geologist know that rock layers are undisturbed?
rock layers are faulted
rock layers are folded
rock layers are horizontal
rock layers are tilted
23
What has to increase for metamorphism to occur?
compaction and cementation
weathering and erosion
melting and cooling
temperature and pressure
24
Solid, tectonic plates can move because of the slow-moving layer under them called:
the lithosphere
the ocean
the asthenosphere
the crust
25
Which of the following is a trace fossil?
a frozen woolly mammoth
a mummified plant seed
a mosquito trapped in amber
a dinosaur footprint
26
Look at the diagram. The movement of molten rock in the mantle can be described as a(n)
convection current
slab pull
random movement
euption
27
Which of the following events causes a sudden change to Earth's surface?
glacier movement
water erosion
volcanic eruption
wind erosion
28
Ice, wind, water, gravity, plants, and animals are all agents of
weathering
desertification
defacing
oxidation