Test #2 Sci Revolution & Enlightenment Review

Question 1

Measures designed to prevent any one branch of government from dominating the others.

Accepted Answer

checks and balances

Question 2

His most radical reform was abolishing serfdom and ordering peasants paid for their labor.

Accepted Answer

Joseph II

Question 3

This ruler made limited reforms but after an uprising of serfs, decided not to free the serfs.

Accepted Answer

Catherine the Great

Question 4

Fahrenheit made the first ??? to use mercury in glass

Accepted Answer

thermometer

Question 5

He wrote beautiful piano music and carried music into the Age of Romanticism.

Accepted Answer

Beethoven

Question 6

What 16th-century scientist first reaffirmed the old Greek idea that the heliocentric theory was true?

Accepted Answer

Copernicus

Question 7

The Law of ???? states that only life creates life. This is a serious obstacle for evolutionists.

Accepted Answer

Biogenesis

Question 8

Who proved mathematically that the planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits?

Accepted Answer

Kepler

Question 9

Enlightenment idea & author of "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.."

Accepted Answer

Freedom of speech, religion, Voltaire

Question 10

What humble scientist said, “If I have seen farther than others, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants.”

Accepted Answer

Newton

Question 11

Which of the following was NOT one of the reforms of Frederick the Great?

Accepted Answer

freed the serfs

Question 12

How did the Renaissance help pave the way for the Scientific Revolution?

Accepted Answer

Scholars questioned accepted ideas about geocentric theory

Question 13

What movement did the Scientific Revolution produce?

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment

Question 14

Who discovered the law of gravity?

Accepted Answer

Newton

Question 15

Social gatherings called ??? where philosophers, writers, artists, and scientists discussed.

Accepted Answer

salons

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the Articles of Confederation?

Accepted Answer

provided a weak national government

Question 17

First 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution which protects citizens basic rights

Accepted Answer

bill of rights

Question 18

Richardson’s ? is often considered the first true English novel.

Accepted Answer

Pamela

Question 19

Jefferson, who wrote the Declaration of Independence, used this person's ideas to defend the American Revolution.

Accepted Answer

Locke

Question 20

? guarantees freedom of speech and freedom of religion which Voltaire often fought for

Accepted Answer

1st Amendment in the Bill of Rights

Question 21

His ideas included things like capital punishment should be abolished.

Accepted Answer

Becarria

Question 22

Country divided by 3 others that didn't reappear as an independent country until after WWI.

Accepted Answer

Poland

Question 23

Who proved Galen’s assumptions about the human body wrong by dissecting human corpses?

Accepted Answer

Vesalius

Question 24

Who developed analytical geometry and said, “I think therefore, I am.”?

Accepted Answer

Descartes

Question 25

He was a gifted child who began composing at age 5. At 12, he wrote his first opera.

Accepted Answer

Mozart

Question 26

His social contract supported direct democracy

Accepted Answer

Rousseau

Question 27

Which of these was NOT a great musician during the Enlightenment period?

Accepted Answer

Williams

Question 28

Enlightenment idea & author of "We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union..."

Accepted Answer

Consent of the governed, Locke

Question 29

“I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it”

Accepted Answer

Voltaire

Question 30

Who is known as the founder of modern chemistry?

Accepted Answer

Boyle

Question 31

Monarchs who made Enlightenment reforms were called enlightened ?, or rulers.

Accepted Answer

despots

Question 32

His ideas about separation of powers and checks and balances were put into the US Constitution.

Accepted Answer

Montesquieu

Question 33

??? are a form of direct democracy used today.

Accepted Answer

Propositions

Question 34

Enlightenment idea & author of "Excessive bail shall not be required...nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted."

Accepted Answer

Abolish torture, Becarria

Question 35

Who believed “all humans were naturally selfish and wicked” and incapable of governing themselves?

Accepted Answer

Hobbes

Question 36

System of government where power is divided between a central authority and individual states.

Accepted Answer

federalism

Question 37

Which is NOT a way in which exploration paved the way for the Scientific Revolution? They

Accepted Answer

Columbus proved the earth was round

Question 38

His ideas of government by popular consent inspired struggles for liberty in America.

Accepted Answer

Locke

Question 39

Which of these does NOT include ideas from the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

The Twelve Tables

Question 40

Who first used a microscope to examine red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Leeuwenhoek

Question 41

Enlightenment idea & author, "All legislative Powers ...The executive Power...The judicial Power... shall be vested in..

Accepted Answer

Separation of Powers, Montesquieu

Question 42

He called himself “the first servant of the state.”

Accepted Answer

Frederick the Great

Question 43

What types of methods were NOT used to spread Enlightenment ideas?

Accepted Answer

dances

Question 44

Who introduced a vaccine to prevent smallpox?

Accepted Answer

Jenner

Question 45

This Enlightenment philosopher's beliefs included women’s equality

Accepted Answer

Wollstonecraft

Question 46

Who discovered the law of the pendulum and saw Jupiter’s moons through a telescope he invented?

Accepted Answer

Galileo

Question 47

Which of these is NOT a step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Reaction

Question 48

Diderot wrote ? which combined Enlightenment thinking about science, technology, art, and government.

Accepted Answer

The Encyclopedia

Question 49

Enlightenment idea & author, "...all men are endowed by their Creator with... Life, Liberty, & the pursuit of Happiness

Accepted Answer

Natural rights, Locke

Question 50

The social critics of the Enlightenment were known as ??? (French for philosopher)

Accepted Answer

philosophes

Question 51

Who invented the geocentric theory?

Accepted Answer

Aristotle

Test #2 Sci Revolution & Enlightenment Review

Questions 51

Test #2 Sci Revolution & Enlightenment Review

Questions 51