TheCommittee of Public Safety was formed under leadership of Maximilien Robespierre in order to

seek out and punish enemies of the French Revolution.

Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to Roman expansion?

the mandate to impose their religion on neighboring regions.

Why did the peoples of the New World lack immunity to the diseases of the Europeans?

their long isolation from other continents.

Ships in the Indian Ocean were better prepared for long-distance travel than the Greeks because

they took advantage of monsoon winds to drive their ships

Cultural blending assoc. with expansion&spread of Islam from 1200-1500 can be seen by examining

design of mosques that combine old traditions&new influence

What prevented the Mongols from invading Japan?

A storm prevented them from establishing a base.

The Treaty of Verdun resulted in

division of Holy Roman Empire among Charlemagne's grandsons

In 1592, after years of civil war, Hideyoshi

launched an invasion of Korea and China.

The Mauryan government united much of India after

the death of Alexander the Great.

The spread of Islam to lands south of the Sahara came about through

a gradual and peaceful process of conversion.

An example of some of the rivalry between European powers in the early 17th century was

when Dutch assaulted Amer. &Asian colonies of Spain&Portugal

Which of the following statements is not true of Chinese-African contacts ca. 1415-1433?

Many cultural misunderstandings led to the Sino-African War.

What was the political influence of Buddhism in the Tang Empire?

Encouraged the leader 2 weld ppl into a harmonious society

Cyrus and his son ruled their empire by following a practical approach of

respecting local priests and native traditions.

The Mesopotamian writing system is called

cuneiform, meaning wedge formed.

A significant military threat to western Europe in the late 8th century came from:

Viking raiders along the coastal areas.

govt policy that protects trade& demands saving gold& silver

The Ming Empire attempted to create new Indian Ocean contacts by

sending out seven imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433.

Which of the following statements about the Magna Carta is not true?

It gave new rights to the peasants.

Why is the Gupta Empire described as a "theater-state"?

Splendor & ceremonies of court advertised benefits of empire

In 1265, major divisions emerged between the Mongol khans because

many branches refused to accept Khubilai as Great Khan.

The Agricultural Revolutions occurred in which era?

Neolithic - meaning new stone age

By 1500, the English Parliament

had become a permanent part of English government.

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APWH Review

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Questions 125

Answers

1
The 6th century BCE Athenian politician who divided the polis into four political classes was:
Pisistratus
Phidipedes
Solon
Cyrus
2
The Scientific Revolution demonstrated that the workings of the universe could be explained by
the temperatures in the hemisphere.
natural causes.
the will of God.
the alignment of the planets.
3
What caused the end of serfdom in western Europe?
decimated agricultural productivity of the early 14thcentury
the rise of popular literature
the rise of cities
the Black Death
4
TheCommittee of Public Safety was formed under leadership of Maximilien Robespierre in order to
inspect factories4conditions dangerous2revolutionary workers
train people to protect the French royal family.
seek out and punish enemies of the French Revolution.
design safer transportation 4 the peasants & revolutionaries
5
Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to Roman expansion?
the mandate to impose their religion on neighboring regions.
aggressive fans of war in Rome.
the short term of office of the Consuls in the senate
desire 2 make buffer zones protecting them from attack
6
Why did the peoples of the New World lack immunity to the diseases of the Europeans?
their long isolation from other continents.
Disease did not exist in the Americas.
they had a different DNA structure than Europeans.
Significant differences in dietary structure.
7
Muslim religious practice is based on the
Eightfold Path
Five Pillars
The Seven Pointed Star
Ten Commandments
8
An important agent 4 transmitting Europe beliefs language&culture in Spanish America&Brazil was
Spanish and Portuguese armies.
Catholic Church.
plantation system.
Council of the Indies.
9
Gandhi's "unusual" political ideas included
nonviolence
democratic reforms through legislation and lobbying.
the vote for women.
terrorist plans to bomb civilian locations.
10
Ships in the Indian Ocean were better prepared for long-distance travel than the Greeks because
they took advantage of monsoon winds to drive their ships
the Asian ships weren't nailed together and sank less often.
the Greeks had 2 cover larger territory 2 support homeland
the Greeks were not interested in long-distance trade.
11
The Neolithic era is primarily associated with which of the following?
the rise of agriculture.
large rock formations like Stonehenge 4 religious purposes
architectural hallmark of ppl in buildings instead of caves
making tools out of materials including metal such as bronze
12
What type of writing did the Maya have?
Petroglyphs
Mayan Cuneiform
Hieroglyphic
Aztecan Alphabet
13
Choose the nation below that has NOT made the demographic transition.
Afghanistan
Japan
Russia
Belgium
14
Cultural blending assoc. with expansion&spread of Islam from 1200-1500 can be seen by examining
design of mosques that combine old traditions&new influence
changes inthe Quran blending older traditions&new influences
the development of double-entry bookkeeping and banking.
the blending of Biblical and Quranic writings.
15
The homeland of the Assyrian Empire was in
Syria-Palestine.
northern Arabia.
western Anatolia.
northern Mesopotamia.
16
What prevented the Mongols from invading Japan?
A storm prevented them from establishing a base.
The Mongols feared the samurai military prowess.
The jungle heat prevented their horses from continuing.
Mongol tactics were no match for the Japanese technology.
17
The Treaty of Verdun resulted in
a reconciliation btwn the Eastern & Western Christian sects.
declaration of Roman Christianity 4 kingdoms of Charlemagne
division of Holy Roman Empire among Charlemagne's grandsons
an end to hostilities btwn the Muslims &Christians in Spain.
18
The first metal that was widely used by the Mesopotamians was:
iron.
bronze.
copper
steel
19
For a period of over 60 years, Rome fought a war of expansion with which people?
Grindylows
Israel
Phoenicia
Carthage
20
The subsequent split of supporters to different caliphs, or successors, divided the umma into
Shi'a and Mobad.
Shi'ites and Sunnis.
Sunnis and Sufis.
Mobad and Quran.
21
What natural resource provided the incentive to trade for southern Saharan dwellers?
Caffeine
Cotton
Palm oil
Salt
22
In 1592, after years of civil war, Hideyoshi
successfully pacified the country by outlawing all weapons.
converted to Buddhism.
launched an invasion of Korea and China.
was killed by his palace guard.
23
The greatest change caused by the gradual adoption of agriculture was
major migrations to the temperate zones.
a global population increase.
a major die-off of wild species.
a global population decrease.
24
Indian poetic hymns dedicated to the various deities and describing sacred practices is the
Ramayana.
Rig Veda
Upanishads.
Avada Kedavra
25
The Hanseatic League was based in
Germany.
Russia.
England.
The Ottoman Empire
26
The Mauryan government united much of India after
the introduction of Buddhism.
the assassination of Maurya.
the Indo-European invasion.
the death of Alexander the Great.
27
What 2 nations began a maritime revolution that profoundly altered the course of world history?
China and Japan
England and France
Germany and Russia
Portugal and Spain
28
The spread of Islam to lands south of the Sahara came about through
a gradual and peaceful process of conversion.
war.
a gradual and peaceful process of conversion.
forced conversion.
29
The challenge to the church and its supporters was intense and emotional, resulting in
a compromise representing theological common ground.
bitter "wars of religion."
European monarchs begging the pope for forgiveness.
the election of Pope Leo X.
30
Confucianism spread to East Asia with the spread of
the Chinese writing system.
Daoism.
the bubonic plague.
slVERY.
31
An example of some of the rivalry between European powers in the early 17th century was
when Dutch assaulted Amer. &Asian colonies of Spain&Portugal
when England and Portugal became allies against France.
when Russian expansion upset the balance of power.
when English in N.America attacked French colony of Canada.
32
Which of the following statements is not true of Chinese-African contacts ca. 1415-1433?
Many cultural misunderstandings led to the Sino-African War.
At least 3 cities in E. Africa sent delegates 2China - 1415.
Zheng's voyages were extended to Africa.
Zheng's voyages stimulated the Swahili silk market.
33
Which Italian city-state became a commercial rival and military foe of the Ottoman Empire?
Genoa
Venice
Rome
Florence
34
What was the political influence of Buddhism in the Tang Empire?
It taught strict obedience to a hierarchy.
It taught oneness with nature.
Encouraged the leader 2 weld ppl into a harmonious society
It taught that the king was descended from a god.
35
To promote his ideas, Luther used
peasant armies.
troubadours to sing of his greatness.
indulgences.
the printing press.
36
Cyrus and his son ruled their empire by following a practical approach of
threatening the people with gross injustices.
respecting local priests and native traditions.
murdering local priests and nobles.
first marrying into the local nobility.
37
The Mesopotamian writing system is called
hieroglyphics, meaning sacred carvings.
Linear A, meaning initial line like.
Linear B, meaning secondary line like.
cuneiform, meaning wedge formed.
38
A significant military threat to western Europe in the late 8^th century came from:
Viking raiders along the coastal areas.
the Abbasid Caliphate's re-conquest of Islamic territories.
the reappearance from the eastern Steppes of the Huns.
uprisings of Germanic tribes against Charlemagne's expansion
39
Mercantilism is
the belief in a completely free-market economy.
govt policy that protects trade& demands saving gold& silver
the political idea that only ppl who produce wealth may vote
recognition by the state that individuals have econ. rights
40
Many historians credit the pharaoh Akhenaten with
damaging the economy beyond repair leading to invasion
political reforms that hurt majority of Egyptians
supporting Egyptian polytheism against the will of priests
the invention of monotheism.
41
The Ming Empire attempted to create new Indian Ocean contacts by
attempting 2 defeat Portuguese in sea battle of Calcutta.
establishing maritime courts 2 deal w/ pirates & privateers
sending out seven imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433.
employing Mongol horsemen to travel the Silk Road.
42
Which of the following statements about the Magna Carta is not true?
Confirmed the independence of the church&the city of London
It means "Great Charter."
It affirmed that monarchs are subject to established law.
It gave new rights to the peasants.
43
Information about ancient Israel can be found in the
Rig Veda.
Rosetta stone.
chronicles of Abraham.
Hebrew Bible.
44
After the city of Mecca surrendered to Muhammad, he established a new state based on a
democratic government system.
dynastic system with his sons as the monarchs.
government system similar to the Persian administration.
common religious faith.
45
Why is the Gupta Empire described as a "theater-state"?
It shared the wealth of the empire with all equally
It hired foreign armies to enforce policies
It used former actors as officials in the provinces.
Splendor & ceremonies of court advertised benefits of empire
46
In 1265, major divisions emerged between the Mongol khans because
some refused to accept an alliance with the Mamluks.
many branches refused to accept Khubilai as Great Khan.
Jagadai did not accept Shamanism.
Batu and Khubilai teamed up against Jagadai.
47
The Agricultural Revolutions occurred in which era?
Megalithic - meaning stone age
Paleolithic - meaning old stone age
Ostrolithic - meaning eastern stone age
Neolithic - meaning new stone age
48
The largest, most technologically advanced ship in the Indian Ocean was the Chinese
galley.
junk.
skow.
dhow.
49
By 1500, the English Parliament
had yet to be officially formed.
had become a permanent part of English government.
had overthrown the king&gained complete government authority
had been disbanded by King John.
50
As independent farmers declined in the later Republic Italian landowners increasingly turned to
female and child labor.
agricultural wage laborers.
inexpensive slaves
tenant farmers.
51
What city became the new imperial capital of the Roman Empire in 324 C.E.?
Constantinople
Athens
Alexandria
Damascus
52
The Soviet-dominated counterpart to NATO was the
Green Revolution
Détente agreements
Helsinki Accords
Warsaw Pact
53
Louis XVI was unable to extract tax concessions from the French elite & was forced to call the:
Estates General.
Parlement of Paris.
Assembly of Notables.
Grande Cahier.
54
The greatest Romanov tsar was
Ivan the Terrible
Nicholas III
Peter the Great
Hermione Granger
55
The Japanese response to the Society of Jesus or the Jesuits was
to adopt Catholic beliefs.
to officially welcome it with open arms.
to murder every Jesuit that entered the country.
mixed; while some were opposed to it, others were attracted.
56
The National Revolutionary Party (PNR) in 1928 in Mexico
created a forum for labor, peasants, and business.
began a series of coups and assassinations.
was very rigid and uncompromising.
was similar to fascist parties in Europe.
57
Pan-African cultural patterns may have been shaped by
environmental changes that inspired northern migration.
environmental changes that inspired southern migration.
a period wherein the storm track moved south to Africa.
political changes that destroyed of kinship networks.
58
Mesopotamian gods were anthropomorphic; meaning that they
were divine and perfect beings.
took form as the elements of nature.
were humanlike in form and conduct.
appeared in the bodies of kings while on earth.
59
Although Greece is described as "resource poor" in the chapter, it economically prospered
because of successful manufacturing.
through a brisk trade in slaves.
by using a large population as a large "service" sector.
through access to foreign resources, markets and ideas.
60
What are the criteria for a human grouping to be considered a "civilization?"
complex cities
control of a geographic area as a means of power
a writing system capable of record keeping
all of these
61
Which of the following were New World foods that revolutionized Old World agriculture?
Maize, potatoes, and manioc
Butterbeer and wheat
Manioc, wheat, and amaranth
Maize, rice, and bran
62
Muhammad's revelations from the angel Gabriel are compiled in a book called
the Third Testament
the Ka'ba
the Hadith
the Quran
63
Both Argentina and Brazil had
a small but outspoken middle class.
large, docile middle classes.
no middle class.
a classless society.
64
The "tulip period" in the Ottoman Empire was one in which Ottomans:
traded with Holland for tulips and clogs
had the red tulip as the official insignia of Janissary corp
achieved domination over Venice as exporter of tulip bulbs
emulated western European fashions
65
Hinduism can be described as an evolution of the Vedic religions because
it adapted idea of time 2be closer 2 Buddhism& get followers
it combined Aryan and Dravidian elements.
it was based on Vedas but written down in a certain form
it focused on less gods and became a more organized religion
66
The term city-state refers to
the political institution that ruled over ancient kingdoms.
an urban center and agricultural hinterlands it controlled
assoc. of mutually dependent cities forming an early nation
a large city surrounded by a protective wall.
67
Mao Zedong's 1958 Great Leap Forward was a plan designed to
isolate China from foreign influence &promote Chinese values
build modern Western-style factories to outproduce Americans
build an alliance with the Soviet Union.
industrialize using smallscale industries&collectivized agri
68
Chartered companies were
private investors with trade monopolies in colonies.
companies of missionaries and religious societies.
groups of Amerindian investors who pooled money & resources
maritime manufacturers of maps and charts.
69
What motivated Mesopotamian conquests of far-reaching territories?
The search for new trade routes.
The need to obtain vital resources.
The desire to spread the religion of their chief god, Baal.
The search for living space for the growing population.
70
The era of the New Kingdom in Egypt is characterized by restoration of Egyptian rule and
a return to isolationism.
a return to democracy.
a military alliance with the Hittites.
expansion north into Syria and south into Nubia.
71
Islamic law
did not discuss women's property ownership.
allowed women to keep property after marriage.
did not allow women to own any property.
forbade women to own property after marriage.
72
Among the Byzantines' cultural achievements is (are)
a painting style conveying deep emotion & spiritual yearning
the introduction of Islam to southern Europe.
the spread of Orthodox Christianity among the Slavs.
their shipbuilding&epics about wars of the Mediterranean Sea
73
In 1555 by the Peace of Augsburg, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V allowed German princes to choose
Catholicism or Lutheranism.
a new emperor.
Catholicism or Calvinism.
Calvinism or Lutheranism.
74
The great vision of the Shari'a is an umma with
common moral values minimizing ethnic & political divisions.
a separate identity from Christians.
a common history and literary base.
a common monetary system and central taxation.
75
Generally, the Atlantic African slave trade was based on a partnership between
Islamic and African elites.
European opportunists and Arab merchants.
Asian and European elites.
European and African elites.
76
What is the underlying message of the cycle of reincarnation?
Strive for economic success.
You are where you deserve to be.
Be the best and strongest human being you can be.
Always work to change your life and the world around you.
77
In addition to sailing up the Pacific coast early Amerindians from South America also colonized
Iceland.
Newfoundland.
the West Indies (Caribbean Islands).
Greenland.
78
The English Civil War started when
Oliver Cromwell executed the king
Charles 2 died w/o heir &his Catholic bro James 2 took power
Charlesrefused2grant rights2Parliament&attempt2arrest critic
James I took throne after Liz died despite being absolutist
79
What prompted the collapse of the USSR?
The Congress of People's Deputies voted to dissolve the USSR
Declaration of independence by Estonia Latvia and Lithuania
Failed coup d'etat by communists caused public anger w/ govt
All of these played a role in the break up of the USSR.
80
What event turned Pakistan and India into bitter enemies in the 20^th century?
The formation of the All-India Muslim League.
The annexation of Kashmir.
The assassination of Gandhi.
The expulsion of Hindus from Bengal.
81
After uniting Media and Persia, Cyrus conquered
Egypt and Babylon.
Lydia and Babylon.
Lydia and Egypt.
Greece and Egypt.
82
The principal reason for human sacrifice among the Aztecs was
to punish enemies.
intimidation and conquest.
Huitzilopochtli required a diet of human hearts.
to enhance the power of the emperor.
83
Mansa Kankan Musa made a famous pilgrimage that
was inspired by the death of Muhammad.
spread Christianity to West Africa.
demonstrated the enormous wealth of his country.
led to the Christian Crusades.
84
In post-WWII the West & some Asian nations grew richer & more powerful most remained poor. Why?
the emergence of forced industrialization.
poorer nations refusing the join the United Nations
a lack of natural resources in all poor countries
population growth in developing nations.
85
Which sect of Buddhism was connected with the Tang dynasty?
Theraveda
Zen
Ayuravedic
Mahayana
86
Which of the following Chinese customs did the Japanese choose not to implement?
Architectural styles
The study of Buddhism
A Confucian-style central government
Walls around its cities for protection
87
Ho Chi Minh inspired
the building of the Contra regime in Hanoi.
a treaty between North and South Korea.
nationalist movements in Vietnam against China.
a nationalist coalition against the French.
88
Martin Luther insisted that the only way to salvation was through
loyalty to the Vatican.
relying on "good works."
paying money to the church.
religious faith alone.
89
The emperor Yongle improved the imperial complex built by the Mongols called the
Dragon's Court.
Heavenly Gates.
Forbidden City.
Imperial House.
90
One difference between the Ottoman and Iranian states was that the Iranian state was based on
Sunnism.
Kharijism.
Shi'ism.
Sufism.
91
When Li Zicheng overthrow Beijing, the Ming empire turned for help to whom?
The Japanese Ronin
Rebel forces from the Southwest
Manchu soldiers from the Northeast
Mongolian Buddhists
92
One of the main reasons for the decline of the Roman Republic was
ongoing wars in trying to expand to an empire.
political centralization.
militaryleaders w/ armies loyal 2them rather than 2the state
an impoverished and rebellious population.
93
The Proclamation of 1763 sought to:
est. a western limit for British settlement in North America
stop the influx of Spanish settlers into Georgia and Florida
raise revenue to support new colonial wars.
establish a political relationship btwn Britain&its colonies
94
What effect did European horses have on the Americas?
Decreased military capacity and hunting efficiency
No impact because religious prohibitions prevented its use
No appreciable impact because they already had the horse
Increased military capacity and hunting efficiency
95
In 1453, the Ottoman armies attacked Constantinople and brought an end to
Byzantine rule.
Roman rule.
Arab rule.
Egyptian rule.
96
The mariners involved in the Indian Ocean trade were
a multilingual and multiethnic group.
primarily Arabic and Persian.
from many lands, but all were Muslim.
almost exclusively of Indian background.
97
Who reformed Rome in the third century C.E. and saved it from decline?
Tiberius
Diocletian
Severus Snape
Constantine
98
Which of the following is not true about the Crusades?
The Crusaders failed to capture Jerusalem.
Econ force like desire 2 >trade & land need were factors
They were a series of religiously inspired campaigns.
B4 Crusades Muslim leaders mostly protect Christian pilgrims
99
What supports that Pacific islands were settled because of planned expeditions by Polynesians?
Transference of indigenous plants
DNA evidence
Linguistic similarities
All of these
100
The Treaty of Nerchinsk
allied the Chinese and Russians against the Germans.
allowed Europeans into formerly closed China.
fixed the northern border of China along the Amur River.
gave China a communist political system.
101
Muhammad's teachings built upon the beliefs of
Judaism and Zoroastrianism.
Judaism and Christianity.
Judaism and Hinduism.
Judaism and Buddhism.
102
The spread of Islam to lands south of the Sahara came about through
the missionary efforts of Arabs during the Umayyad Caliphate
war.
a gradual and peaceful process of conversion.
forced conversion.
103
The foundations for Indian civilization were laid in which age?
Dravidian
Brahaman
Gupta
Vedic
104
The Great Western Schism originated over
whether or not women could be priests.
whether or not priests could be married.
the nationality of the pope.
whether the seat of Catholicism should be Rome or Constantin
105
The Marshall Plan
used moneyreserves of member nations2finance trade deficits
launched a process of economic cooperation and integration.
was never enacted due to partisan political feuds in Congres
provided $20billion in econ aid 2friendly European countries
106
What event was the catalyst for the space race?
The crash of the Apollo 11
The successful Soviet flight of a man around the earth
The Soviet Sputnik satellite launch
The United States landing of a man on the moon
107
The most important African network of cultural exchange can be described as
the trade across the Sahara.
the link with Islamic Arabia.
the Indian Ocean network.
mainly internal folk migrations within sub-Saharan Africa.
108
The benefit of chinampas was:
taking up less habitable space for humans and livestock
organic agriculture
year-round agriculture was possible.
centralized farming space.
109
The varna system developed in order to create
a uniform legal code in India.
an integrated economic system to aid merchants.
social order between groups.
standardized religious beliefs.
110
The different regional networks of the Indian Ocean trade were tied together by
a common language.
political authority.
religious authority.
commercial interests.
111
How did the English&French American colonies differ from Spanish&Portuguese American colonies?
Spanish&Portuguese forced their languages on the population
The Spanish and Portuguese ruled with "benign neglect."
English&French used direct gov't control to develop colonies
English&French developed colonies through private companies
112
The language of diplomacy and government correspondence in the Mesopotamian regions was
Kassite
Egyptian
Aramaic
Akkadian
113
In the eighteenth century, West Indian plantations were controlled by a plantocracy,
a group of botanists who encouraged the growth of new plants
a religious sect of Protestantism.
a group of people concerned about the environment.
a small number of rich men who owned the land and slaves.
114
In 1453, the Ottomans conquered which important Christian city?
Paris
Vienna
Kiev
Constantinople
115
The father of history in the Western tradition is
Herodotus.
MEDUSA!!
Prometheus.
Theseus.
116
One of the most important contributions made by Gupta intellectuals was the
astronomical telescope.
invention of the maritime compass.
concept of zero.
development of a written Indian language.
117
In Roman society
the first-born son ruled over his brothers - frerus optimus.
daughters weren't allowed to speak at family gatherings
the father's word was law in his household - paterfamilias.
women inherited property - mater inheritus.
118
How did the growth of a centralized Russian Empire affect the peasants?
Peasants were deported and sent to gulags.
It gave the peasants the vote.
Peasants' standard of living improved to middle-class level
Peasants became serfs, people who were tied to the land.
119
In what ways was Saddam Hussein's rule of Iraq different from the Ayatollah's rule of Iran?
His rule rested on secular as opposed to religious ideology.
Saddam limited freedom to speak against government policy.
He presided over mostly Sunni pop. not majority Shi'a pop.
Gov't his followers overthrew was USSR republic not monarchy
120
Narratives such as Marco Polo's created a European
fear of Mongol contact.
mage of Mongol poverty.
ambition to find easier routes to Asia.
isolationist mentality.
121
In 1947 India and Pakistan went to war over the
assassination of the Hindu leader Indira Gandhi.
breech of a nuclear weapons pact.
export of Kashmir wool.
northwestern state of Kashmir
122
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was a
military alliance of newly freed African countries.
military alliance of the defeated countries of World War II.
military alliance of the USA and western European countries.
military alliance of the USSR and eastern European countries
123
The ultimate spiritual reward in Buddhism is
material wealth in this lifetime.
Union with the ancestors in paradise.
Nirvana, a release from rebirth.
everlasting life in heaven with Buddha.
124
The "clockwise" network of trade in the Atlantic was known as the
Continental Trade Route.
Atlantic Circuit.
Robinson Route.
Reverse Option Market.
125
The end of Anglo-Saxon domination in England came in the late 11^th century with:
the fall of the Umayyad caliphat
civil war in Scandinavia recalling marauders home.
the initiation of the Crusades.
invasion of the Norman king William.

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