The National Farmland Protection Program was designed to

protect farmland from being developed.

Coral reefs are intricately shaped rocklike structures that are formed as a result of

The secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals

Many angiosperms depend on

animals to carry pollen and disperse seeds.

When animals are placed in controlled or restrictive environments, they

may have difficulty meeting their basic survival needs.

A focus of environmental science not studied in ecology is the

influence of humans on the environment.

Scientists predict population sizes by using

age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration

The ecosystem approach to conservation is partly based on the idea that

a healthy biosphere requires intact ecosystems.

Which type of building would most likely have poor indoor air quality?

one that is tightly sealed and air-conditioned

A true statement about parasitism is that parasites

may cause their hosts to become more vulnerable to predators

Which of the following reproductive situations will limit a population’s biotic potential?

the maximum number of offspring each individual can produce

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Environmental Science Final exam review

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Questions 75

Answers

1
Which of the following is not an ecosystem?
vacant lot
oak forest
coral reef
utility pole
2
The relationship between acacia trees and the ants that live on them is an example of
predation
Mutualism.
commensalism
parasitism
3
What is the estimated temperature of Earth’s inner core?
400°C to 500°C
3,000°C to 4,000°C
4,000 °C to 5,000 °C
300°C to 400°C
4
Which of the following is Earth’s densest atmospheric layer?
mesosphere
thermosphere
troposphere
stratosphere
5
Which of the following contributes most to acid precipitation?
radon and ozone
burning of fossil fuels
ethanol
all of the above
6
Which of the following converts nitrogen in the air into a form plants can use?
animals
bacteria
fungi
protists
7
The classification and collection of data that are in the form of numbers is called
statistics
distribution
probability
mean
8
The National Farmland Protection Program was designed to
protect farmland from being developed.
protect farmland from being overtaken by natural grasses
protect farmland from environmental damage from pollution
protect farmland from damage by wild grazing animals
9
Which of the following is a developing nation?
canada
ethiopia
france
the united states
10
Which of the following characteristics is usually shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants?
They usually have cell walls.
they have cell nuclei
they have the ability to make their own food
they are single-celled
11
In which country is the population likely to be increasing most rapidly?
Germany
Norway
Australia
Kenya
12
Which factor contributed most to the exponential growth of the human population?
higher fertility rates
increased immigration
higher birth rates
more food, better hygiene
13
A heat exchanger is used in
passive solar heating
active solar heating.
geothermal power plants
wind turbines
14
Placer deposits are surface mineral deposits that have been concentrated by
evaporation and condensation
movement of wind and water.
subsurface mining
surface mining
15
An area prone to landslides is an example of
rangeland
marginal land.
rural land
open space
16
The number of wild horses per square kilometer in a prairie is the horse populations
birth rate
dispersion
size
density
17
Which of the following is not a strategy that could slow population growth?
public advertising
limiting education for women
economic incentives
legal punishments
18
Which areas of the United States represent ecosystems with high levels of biodiversity?
Florida Everglades
coastal California
All of the above
Hawaiian Islands
19
Solar energy, or energy from the sun, is contained in
all nonrenewable resources
uranium
radioactive waste
fossil fuels.
20
Coral reefs are intricately shaped rocklike structures that are formed as a result of
volcanic activity that is common in tropical marine environ.
The secretion of calcium carbonate by tiny marine animals
minerals that are washed from land ecosystems and build up
the gradual accumulation and fusion of skeletons of fish
21
Most land animals depend on angiosperms for
reproduction
water
food
all of the above
22
Scientists use statistics to
graph data
communicate ideas to each other
all of the above
analyze data.
23
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
littoral zones and benthic zones
marshes and swamps
lakes and ponds
rivers and streams
24
Which organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem?
fish
phytoplankton
barnacles
zooplankton
25
Many angiosperms depend on
plants for food
gymnosperms for reproducing
other animals in the oceans
animals to carry pollen and disperse seeds.
26
Which of the following is not an environmental function of wetlands?
increasing runoff
controlling floods
absorbing and removing pollutants from water
trapping carbon that would be released into the air
27
Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level of a food chain?
killer whale
leopard seal
krill
algae
28
As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground, rivers generally become
slower
wider
warmer
all of the above
29
Single-celled organisms with cell walls but no nuclei are
fungi
protist
all of the above
bacteria.
30
The percentage of energy put into a system that does useful work is
renewable energy
energy conservation
energy conversion
energy efficiency.
31
The layer of impurities on top of molten metal that forms during smelting is called
dredge
flux
smelt
slag
32
The U.S. Census Bureau defines an urban area as an area that contains more than
2,500 people.
250 people
25,000 people
250,000 people
33
Why are mathematical models important?
all of the above
they are especially useful in situations with many variables
they can represent how a system or process works
the can be used to create useful digital images
34
Human population growth was most rapid during which period of human history?
bronze and iron ages
ice ages
stone ages
modern Age
35
When animals are placed in controlled or restrictive environments, they
are less likely to compete
become immune to infectious diseases that are common
have a low rate of genetic disorders because their gene pool
may have difficulty meeting their basic survival needs.
36
Between 1880 and 1930 human population doubled due to
All of the above
the industrial revolution
improvements in societal infrastructure and services
a combination of high birth rates and low death rates
37
Which of the following is not a main use of fuel?
heating and cooling buildings
manufacturing
transportation
cooking
38
Land where it is possible to grow crops is called
organic land
all of the above
arable land.
vegetative land
39
A focus of environmental science not studied in ecology is the
interaction among living things
influence of humans on the environment.
use of natural resources
both (a) and (b)
40
The relationship between a Canadian lynx and a snowshoe hare is an example of
parasite and host
predator and prey.
competition
mutualism
41
Acid mine drainage
is unregulated in the United States
causes acid rain
harms or kills aquatic life.
purifies streams
42
Scientists predict population sizes by using
age structure, fertility rate, and migration
age structure, survivorship, fertility rate, and migration
survivorship, migration, life expectancy, and replacement
replacement rate, fertility rate, age rates and survivorship
43
The ecosystem approach to conservation is partly based on the idea that
all rare species should be relocated to regional preserves
human needs are of secondary importance
keystone species are genetically superior to other organisms
a healthy biosphere requires intact ecosystems.
44
An example of a population is
all maple trees in a forest.
all animals in a forest
all plants in a forest
all trees in a forest
45
Which type of building would most likely have poor indoor air quality?
one that hasn't been repainted/ recarpeted in several years
one in a cool climate with a good ventilation system
one in an urban area where windows are often open
one that is tightly sealed and air-conditioned
46
Which of the following pH measurements of rainwater would indicate acid precipitation?
pH 9.6
pH 6.0
pH 7.3
pH 4.1
47
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?
all of the above
oil spills
pesticides
sewage
48
What is reforestation?
replanting trees in an area
none of the above
removing all trees from an area
removing selected trees from an area
49
Which of the following is a side effect of heat islands?
increased precipitation
lower precipitation
drought
lower temperatures
50
A true statement about parasitism is that parasites
do not live on or in their hosts' bodies
immediately kill their hosts
are always animals and never plants
may cause their hosts to become more vulnerable to predators
51
Which of the following reproductive situations will limit a population’s biotic potential?
the maximum number of offspring each individual can produce
the minimum number of offspring each pair can produce
the size of offspring each individual can produce
the number of interactions each individual has
52
Which of the following would not be a consequence of a rise in global temperature?
rising sea level
c. increased polar ice mass
increased frequency of major droughts
increased frequency of major storms
53
What can be done to sustain the productivity of rangeland?
All of the above
leave the land unused for a time
limit herd size
eliminate invasive plants
54
What are wind and water erosion not likely to affect?
soils
mountains
tides
rocks
55
Which of the following is a good way to reduce salinization?
adopt no-till farming methods
use ocean water instead of groundwater to irrigate crops
increase the use of synthetic pesticides
using rainwater instead of groundwater on crops
56
How can zoos, botanic gardens, and wildlife parks help save species?
by preserving threatened species from destruction
Both (a) and (c)
by collecting species from remote wilderness areas
by participating in captive breeding programs
57
The major human causes of extinction today are
both (a) and (b)
polluting and introducing non-native species
hunting and destroying habitats
neither (a) nor (b)
58
Each of the following is an example of a parasite except
a tick on a cat
a roundworm in a human's intestine
a cow in a pasture.
mistletoe on a tree
59
Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?
herbivores
decomposers
all of the above
omnivores
60
Which of the following best describes the effect of a mountain range on the climate of a region
a desert is often found on the inland side of the range
All of the above
avg. temp. are lower at high elevations than base of mounts.
the coastal side of the range usually has high rain levels
61
Reasons for preserving biodiversity include all of the following except
isolating unique genetic material so it can be incorporated
increasing the chances of discovering organisms with medi.
preventing natural evolution.
finding new plants that can supplement the world's food sup.
62
The chance that an earthquake will occur in your town during the next year is an example of
skepticism
correlation
risk
distribution
63
Which of the following might occur as a result of plastic trash accumulating in the ocean?
All of the above
turtles mistake clear plastic bags for jellyfish ingest them
sea mammals become tangled in clear plastic fishing lines
sea birds are strangled by plastic six-pack rings
64
No-till farming helps to conserve soil fertility because
the ground is carefully turned to mix soil nutrients
only organic fertilizers and natural pesticides are used
remnants of the previous crop are left to slowly decay.
deep ridges are cut across, not down, the slope of hills
65
Erosion is most likely when the soil is
planted to forest
covered with grass
plowed along the contour of the land
bare and exposed to wind and rain.
66
In the _____ zone, the water is cool and dark.
plankton
eutrophic
littoral
benthic
67
All of these fields of study contribute to environmental science except
c. linguistics.
physics and chemistry
biology and earth sciences
social sciences
68
Much of the oil and natural gas in the United States is located in
Alaska, California, Michigan, and Nevada
Texas, Colorado, New York, and the Gulf of Mexico
Alaska, Texas, California, and the Gulf of Mexico.
Alaska, Minnesota, New York, and Texas
69
The fact that useful man-made substances can cause unforeseen damage is illustrated by
all of the above
the pollution of the Gulf of Mexico from farm chemicals
the detection of Oscillatoria rubescens in Lake Washington
the condition of the atmosphere's protective ozone layer
70
With respect to energy, Earth is a(n)
stationary system
unstable system
closed system
open system
71
Which of the following is a disadvantage for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion?
can only be done in cold areas
not enough cold water
inefficient plants
not enough warm water
72
The current rate of species extinction is
the result of natural environmental process
of little consequence to Earth's long-term survival
slower than at any other time in this century
attributable to the actions of humans.
73
What part of Earth encompasses all areas where organisms can obtain the energy they need?
biosphere
atmosphere
lithosphere
hydrosphere
74
Organisms can adapt
both (a) and (b)
to other organisms
neither (a) nor (b)
to their physical surroundings
75
The 1991 cholera outbreak in Lima, Peru was caused by
lack of clean water.
inadequate medical care
widespread malnutrition
rats and other rodents

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