Which statement describes a reversible reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?

Rate of reverse reaction equals rate of forward reaction

The reactivity of an atom arises from

Existence of unpaired electrons in valence shell

Groups of elements in the periodic table have similar

Numbers of outer-shell electrons

If an enzyme is added to a solution where its substrate and product are at equilibrium...

Nothing, the reaction will stay at equilibrium

Hydrogen bonds occur when

Partial opposite charges on molecules attract each other

Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because

Their enzymes have high optimal temperatures

A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme will

Bind to the active site & stop enzyme function

The bonds that are broken when water vaporizes are

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Which statement is true of all atoms that are anions?

Atom has more electrons than protons

Which property of water is most responsible for the ability of sweat to lower body temp

Absorption of heat by breaking of hydrogen bonds

A covalent bond is likely to be polar if

1 of the atom sharing electrons is much more electronegative

In a trace element, 'trace' means that

Element is required in very small amounts

Saturated fats have...

No double bonds & are solid @ room temp

Unsaturated fats have...

Double bonds & are liquid @ room temp

Why is the "lock in key" enzymatic model less accurate than the induced fit model?

Enzymes do not have a stiff structure

Which of the following statements is true about chemical reactions?

They involve the making & breaking of chemical bonds

A reaction in which water is released in order to form new bonds

Condensation reaction, Dehydration synthesis reaction

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AP Bio - Chemistry of Life Unit Review

50 termsStudBud Administration109 plays

A review of AP Biology Chemistry of Life Unit Review Chapter 2 - The Chemical Context of Life Chapter 3 - Water & Life Chapter 4 - Carbon & the Molecular Diversity of Life Chapter 5 - The Structure & Function of Large Biomolecule Molecules Chapter 8.4/8.5 - Enzymes

Flashcards50 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 50

Answers

1
Which of the following categories includes all others listed?
Disaccharide
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Starch
2
Which statement describes a reversible reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?
Rate of reverse reaction exceeds rate of forward reaction
Rate of reverse reaction equals rate of forward reaction
Forward & reverse reactions have stopped
Rate of forward reaction exceeds rate of reverse reaction
3
If an enzyme in solution is saturated w/substrate, the most effective way to obtain fasteryield
Add more substrate
Add more of the enzyme
Add noncompetitive inhibitor
Heat solution to 90 C
4
Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
C2H6
C3H8
CH4
C2H4
5
When 1 or more pairs of valence electrons are shared by 2 atoms, what type of bond is formed?
A covalent bond
An electronegative bond
An ionic bond
A hydrogen bond
6
Glycerol and ester linkages are found in
Starch
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
7
What base is found in DNA, but not RNA?
Cytosine
Thymine
Adenine
Guanine
8
The reactivity of an atom arises from
Energy difference between s and p orbitals
Average distance of outermost electron shell from nucleus
Existence of unpaired electrons in valence shell
Sum of potential energies of all electron shells
9
Groups of elements in the periodic table have similar
Total numbers of electrons
Numbers of outer-shell electrons
Atomic size
Atomic number
10
The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in the hydrogen bonding is the
Tertiary
Primary
Quaternary
Secondary
11
Compared with ³¹P, the radioactive isotope ³²P has
Different charge
1 more electron
Different atomic #
1 more neutron
12
Which chemical group is most likely responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base?
Carbonyl
Hydroxyl
Amino
Carboxyl
13
If an enzyme is added to a solution where its substrate and product are at equilibrium...
Additional product will be formed
The free energy of the system will change
Nothing, the reaction will stay at equilibrium
Additional substrate will be formed
14
Hydrogen bonds occur when
Molecule w/partialcharge contact molecule w/o partialcharge
Partial opposite charges on molecules attract each other
Molecule w/low molecular weight bonded to molecule
2 atoms achieve stable electron config. by sharing electrons
15
This is a carbohydrate used for storage in animals
Chitin
Cellulose
Glycogen
Starch
16
Which functional group is NOT present in this molecule?
Carboxyl
Amino
Hydroxyl
Sulfhydrl
17
Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because
Their enzymes have high optimal temperatures
Their enzymes are completely insensitive to temperature
They are able to maintain a lower internal temperature
High temperatures make catalysis unnecessary
18
Which of the following is a trace element?
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Carbon
Copper
19
A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme will
Bind to the active site & stop enzyme function
Bind to the allosteric site & stop enzyme function
Be a type of coenzyme
Be a type of cofactor
20
The # of protons in an uncharged atom _____
Equals the # of neutrons
Equals the # of electrons in the outer orbital of the atom
Varies with the different isotopes
Equals the # of electrons
21
What major component of water affects all its properties?
Its different states
Its expansion when freezing
Polarity
Its abundance on Earth
22
The bonds that are broken when water vaporizes are
Hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Polar covalent bonds
Covalent bonds between atoms within water molecules
Nonpolar covalent bonds
23
Which statement is true of all atoms that are anions?
Net charge is 1-
Atom has more protons than electrons
Atom has more neutrons than protons
Atom has more electrons than protons
24
What property of a molecule would be most important for research in blocking receptor proteins
Atomic numbers of the atoms involved
The number of valence electrons
Type of bonding in the molecule
The molecule's shape
25
What are the 4 most abundant elements found in living systems?
H, O, N, CO2
H, O, C, N
H, O, Ca, N
N, C, S, O
26
Which property of water is most responsible for the ability of sweat to lower body temp
Ability to dissolve molecules in the air
Absorption of heat by breaking of hydrogen bonds
Release of heat by formation of hydrogen bonds
High surface tension
27
A covalent bond is likely to be polar if
The 2 atoms sharing electrons are of the same element
Between 2 atoms that are both very strong electron acceptors
1 of the atom sharing electrons is much more electronegative
The 2 atoms sharing electrons are equally electronegative
28
In a trace element, 'trace' means that
Element can be used as label to trace atoms through organism
Element enhances health but not essential for longterm
Element is required in very small amounts
Element is very rare on Earth
29
Organic chemistry is currently defined as the study of
Carbon compounds
Compounds made only by living cells
Hydrocarbons
Natural (as opposed to synthetic) compounds
30
Which of these is NOT a function of fats
Long-term food reserve in mammals
Body insulation
Adipose tissue cushion for vital organs
Genetic information
31
Saturated fats have...
Double bonds & are solid @ room temp
No double bonds & are liquid @ room temp
Double bonds & are liquid @ room temp
No double bonds & are solid @ room temp
32
Which of these bonds is the strongest
Covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Ionic bond
Van der Waals
33
What is the monomer of carbohydrates
Sugars
Cellulose
Sucrose
Starch
34
Unsaturated fats have...
Double bonds & are solid @ room temp
No double bonds & are solid @ room temp
No double bonds & are liquid @ room temp
Double bonds & are liquid @ room temp
35
Why is the "lock in key" enzymatic model less accurate than the induced fit model?
Enzymes have a static shape, allowing for perfect fit
Enzymes do not have a stiff structure
It suggests the active site can move
Substrate may have a different shape than the active site
36
Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4. What is the hydrogen ion concentration
10-10 M
10-4 M
104 M
4.0 M
37
The enzyme amylase breaks glycosidic linkages. What can it break down?
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
38
An uncharged atom of nitrogen (atomic # = 7) has
7 protons and 7 electrons
7 neutrons and 7 electrons
7 neutrons
7 protons and 7 neutrons
39
Which one of the following has negligible mass?
Neutron
Atom
Electron
Proton
40
Which of the following statements is true about chemical reactions?
They represent the way matter is created & destroyed
They involve the making & breaking of chemical bonds
Reach chem. equilibrium when amount of product = reactants
The ratio of reactants to products doesn't matter
41
Which of these is correctly matched?
Thymine - Pyrimidine
Adenine - Pyrimidine
Cytosine - Purine
Uracil - Purine
42
This is a carbohydrate used for storage in plants
Chitin
Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen
43
This is a carbohydrate used for structural support in some animals
Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin
44
A reaction in which water is needed to break bonds between monomers
Hydrolysis
Endothermic
Dehydration synthesis reaction
Dehydration reaction
45
A reaction in which water is released in order to form new bonds
Condensation reaction
Endothermic
Dehydration synthesis reaction
Hydrolysis
46
We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin C are equal in their
Mass in daltons
Mass in grams
Number of molecules
Number of atoms
47
Maltose & Galactose are both types of
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Enzymes
Lipids
48
Which property is responsible for the fact that water molecules easily stick together?
Specific Heat
Vaporization
Adhesion
Cohesion
49
This is a carbohydrate used for structural support in plants
Cellulose
Starch
Chitin
Glycogen
50
Which of the following is a hydrophobic material?
Paper
Wax
Salt
Pasta

AP Bio - Chemistry of Life Unit Review Flashcards | StudBud

AP Bio - Chemistry of Life Unit Review

50 termsStudBud Administration109 plays

Flashcards50 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 50

Answers

1
Which of the following categories includes all others listed?
Disaccharide
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Starch
2
Which statement describes a reversible reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?
Rate of reverse reaction exceeds rate of forward reaction
Rate of reverse reaction equals rate of forward reaction
Forward & reverse reactions have stopped
Rate of forward reaction exceeds rate of reverse reaction
3
If an enzyme in solution is saturated w/substrate, the most effective way to obtain fasteryield
Add more substrate
Add more of the enzyme
Add noncompetitive inhibitor
Heat solution to 90 C
4
Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?
C2H6
C3H8
CH4
C2H4
5
When 1 or more pairs of valence electrons are shared by 2 atoms, what type of bond is formed?
A covalent bond
An electronegative bond
An ionic bond
A hydrogen bond
6
Glycerol and ester linkages are found in
Starch
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
7
What base is found in DNA, but not RNA?
Cytosine
Thymine
Adenine
Guanine
8
The reactivity of an atom arises from
Energy difference between s and p orbitals
Average distance of outermost electron shell from nucleus
Existence of unpaired electrons in valence shell
Sum of potential energies of all electron shells
9
Groups of elements in the periodic table have similar
Total numbers of electrons
Numbers of outer-shell electrons
Atomic size
Atomic number
10
The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in the hydrogen bonding is the
Tertiary
Primary
Quaternary
Secondary
11
Compared with ³¹P, the radioactive isotope ³²P has
Different charge
1 more electron
Different atomic #
1 more neutron
12
Which chemical group is most likely responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base?
Carbonyl
Hydroxyl
Amino
Carboxyl
13
If an enzyme is added to a solution where its substrate and product are at equilibrium...
Additional product will be formed
The free energy of the system will change
Nothing, the reaction will stay at equilibrium
Additional substrate will be formed
14
Hydrogen bonds occur when
Molecule w/partialcharge contact molecule w/o partialcharge
Partial opposite charges on molecules attract each other
Molecule w/low molecular weight bonded to molecule
2 atoms achieve stable electron config. by sharing electrons
15
This is a carbohydrate used for storage in animals
Chitin
Cellulose
Glycogen
Starch
16
Which functional group is NOT present in this molecule?
Carboxyl
Amino
Hydroxyl
Sulfhydrl
17
Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because
Their enzymes have high optimal temperatures
Their enzymes are completely insensitive to temperature
They are able to maintain a lower internal temperature
High temperatures make catalysis unnecessary
18
Which of the following is a trace element?
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Carbon
Copper
19
A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme will
Bind to the active site & stop enzyme function
Bind to the allosteric site & stop enzyme function
Be a type of coenzyme
Be a type of cofactor
20
The # of protons in an uncharged atom _____
Equals the # of neutrons
Equals the # of electrons in the outer orbital of the atom
Varies with the different isotopes
Equals the # of electrons
21
What major component of water affects all its properties?
Its different states
Its expansion when freezing
Polarity
Its abundance on Earth
22
The bonds that are broken when water vaporizes are
Hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Polar covalent bonds
Covalent bonds between atoms within water molecules
Nonpolar covalent bonds
23
Which statement is true of all atoms that are anions?
Net charge is 1-
Atom has more protons than electrons
Atom has more neutrons than protons
Atom has more electrons than protons
24
What property of a molecule would be most important for research in blocking receptor proteins
Atomic numbers of the atoms involved
The number of valence electrons
Type of bonding in the molecule
The molecule's shape
25
What are the 4 most abundant elements found in living systems?
H, O, N, CO2
H, O, C, N
H, O, Ca, N
N, C, S, O
26
Which property of water is most responsible for the ability of sweat to lower body temp
Ability to dissolve molecules in the air
Absorption of heat by breaking of hydrogen bonds
Release of heat by formation of hydrogen bonds
High surface tension
27
A covalent bond is likely to be polar if
The 2 atoms sharing electrons are of the same element
Between 2 atoms that are both very strong electron acceptors
1 of the atom sharing electrons is much more electronegative
The 2 atoms sharing electrons are equally electronegative
28
In a trace element, 'trace' means that
Element can be used as label to trace atoms through organism
Element enhances health but not essential for longterm
Element is required in very small amounts
Element is very rare on Earth
29
Organic chemistry is currently defined as the study of
Carbon compounds
Compounds made only by living cells
Hydrocarbons
Natural (as opposed to synthetic) compounds
30
Which of these is NOT a function of fats
Long-term food reserve in mammals
Body insulation
Adipose tissue cushion for vital organs
Genetic information
31
Saturated fats have...
Double bonds & are solid @ room temp
No double bonds & are liquid @ room temp
Double bonds & are liquid @ room temp
No double bonds & are solid @ room temp
32
Which of these bonds is the strongest
Covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Ionic bond
Van der Waals
33
What is the monomer of carbohydrates
Sugars
Cellulose
Sucrose
Starch
34
Unsaturated fats have...
Double bonds & are solid @ room temp
No double bonds & are solid @ room temp
No double bonds & are liquid @ room temp
Double bonds & are liquid @ room temp
35
Why is the "lock in key" enzymatic model less accurate than the induced fit model?
Enzymes have a static shape, allowing for perfect fit
Enzymes do not have a stiff structure
It suggests the active site can move
Substrate may have a different shape than the active site
36
Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4. What is the hydrogen ion concentration
10-10 M
10-4 M
104 M
4.0 M
37
The enzyme amylase breaks glycosidic linkages. What can it break down?
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
38
An uncharged atom of nitrogen (atomic # = 7) has
7 protons and 7 electrons
7 neutrons and 7 electrons
7 neutrons
7 protons and 7 neutrons
39
Which one of the following has negligible mass?
Neutron
Atom
Electron
Proton
40
Which of the following statements is true about chemical reactions?
They represent the way matter is created & destroyed
They involve the making & breaking of chemical bonds
Reach chem. equilibrium when amount of product = reactants
The ratio of reactants to products doesn't matter
41
Which of these is correctly matched?
Thymine - Pyrimidine
Adenine - Pyrimidine
Cytosine - Purine
Uracil - Purine
42
This is a carbohydrate used for storage in plants
Chitin
Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen
43
This is a carbohydrate used for structural support in some animals
Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Chitin
44
A reaction in which water is needed to break bonds between monomers
Hydrolysis
Endothermic
Dehydration synthesis reaction
Dehydration reaction
45
A reaction in which water is released in order to form new bonds
Condensation reaction
Endothermic
Dehydration synthesis reaction
Hydrolysis
46
We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin C are equal in their
Mass in daltons
Mass in grams
Number of molecules
Number of atoms
47
Maltose & Galactose are both types of
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Enzymes
Lipids
48
Which property is responsible for the fact that water molecules easily stick together?
Specific Heat
Vaporization
Adhesion
Cohesion
49
This is a carbohydrate used for structural support in plants
Cellulose
Starch
Chitin
Glycogen
50
Which of the following is a hydrophobic material?
Paper
Wax
Salt
Pasta