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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
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1
Friction of distance can serve as a centrifugal force. To combat this, a govt. would fund ...
a high speed railway
a educational campaign to address uneven development
new street signs in multiple languages
a non-governmental org to address religious differences
2
In Von Thunen, which is the correct order of ag land use traveling outward from market center?
Milk, forest, wheat
Wheat, livestock, milk
Livestock, milk, wheat
Vegetables, forest, milk
3
Edge cities typically grow on the border of large urban centers at points near what factor?
major roads and airports
electrical and nuclear power plants
schools and universities
sports and recreation centers
4
Last 20 yrs, many industries have moved to the southern US. All of these are factors EXCEPT
Development of new ports
Government incentives
Lower wage structure
Southern states are 'right to work'
5
Which of the following explains why as countries develop, fewer work in this economic sector
secondary, developed countries send manufacturing overseas
tertiary, the need for services is greater in poor countries
primary, country's resources being used up as it develops
primary, because technology makes these jobs more efficient
6
As textile manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs
factory located in areas with cheap transportation routes
factory located in an area with inexpensive labor cost
factory close to raw materials
factory located near large market areas
7
What language theory explains lang. from Caucasus around Caspian Sea into Iran, India & Europe
Agriculture Theory
Greenberg's Hypothesis
Organic Theory
Conquest Theory
8
Food preferences reveal culture. Hindus don't eat ___, Muslims don't eat ___.
chicken; beef
beef; pork
pork; shrimp
pork; beef
9
Permanent members of the United Nation's Security Council include all of the following EXCEPT
China
United Kingdom
Japan
Russia
10
According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would be typically located
in a city
next to a shipping port
next to raw materials
next to an airport
11
To support a prosperous econ, places need rds, bldgs, power, sewage, water. These are exs of
Demographics
Ecumene
Infrastructure
Density
12
What trend in today's global industrial distribution does the political cartoon depict?
Chinese & Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs
Outsourcing/offshoring of US factories & jobs to China/India
return of Chinese & Indian factories back to their countries
Trade laws banning India & China from investing in the US
13
One of the most important foundations a country needs is infrastructure. Which is NOT an ex.
Education systems
water and sewer systems
Electric power grids
churches and religious institutions
14
According to classic bid-rent curve, what happens to land value as it gets closer to the city?
land gets more expensive closer to the city
land gets used extensively for transportation services
land gets more affordable in the outer rings
land gets more affordable along busy streets
15
Which industry locates close to the market to minimize transportation cost of heavy products
weight gaining industries
primary industries
tertiary industries
weight reducing industries
16
Which is an example of hierarchical diffusion?
Buddhist ideology spreading through the Indian subcontinent
Hip-hop spreading from inner cities to suburbs in the US
Influenza spreading throughout South America
The spread of ideas on the world wide web
17
Form of govt which exists when states have division of varying degrees of local control is
Federalism
Unitary
Authoritarianism
Republic
18
Which stage of the DTM features a high birth rate, high death rate, and low pop. growth?
Stage III
Stage I
Stage IV
Stage II
19
The process in which wealthy people move into formerly poor neighborhoods is what process?
Block busting
White flight
Gentrification
Urbanization
20
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of ethnicity?
biological characteristics of a group of people
group of people with common language
people with common cultural/nationalistic traditions
feeling of nationalism within a group of people
21
Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term?
loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health standards
loan to build a k-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan
loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand
loan to help start a rice farm in China that employs women
22
What term do geographers use to refer to place names?
Acculturation
Assimilation
Symbols
Toponyms
23
Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country?
Gross National Income
all of the above
Life expectancy
Literacy Rates
24
Which of these has contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years?
increase in American and international tourism
NAFTA and maquiladoras
increase in maize and other vegetable exports
rise in the price of petroleum and gold
25
____ encompasses the numerous goods and services that are a part of the agriculture business
Bioengineering
Subsistence farming
Agribusiness
Genetically modified organisms
26
Some believe a 5th phase should be added to DTM to reflect -
rapid growth of some countries in Africa and South Asia
declining population in some developed countries
impact of immigration on growth of MDCs
impact of emigration on declining populations in LDCs
27
Ethnic religions tend to be found near their hearth. Which religion is NOT typical of this?
Hinduism
Shintoism
Judaism
Buddhism
28
Doubling time is -
time it takes for pop. to double if growth remains constant
crude death rate - crude birth rate (per 1000)
dependent on patterns of immigration and emigration
crude birth rate - crude death rate (per 1000)
29
Who developed Central Place Theory?
Walter Christaller
Ernest Burgess
August Losch
Walt Rostow
30
The practice of shifting cultivation would most likely be found where?
Germany
Peru
Afghanistan
United States
31
What might the USDA say about the size of farms in the United States today?
total farmland in the US is decreasing
Farms in the US are fewer in number and bigger in size
farms in the US are bigger and number of farms is increasing
total farmland in the US is increasing
32
World Systems Theory- Core countries dominate the world today due to past
industrialization
military power
urbanization
colonization
33
What are the laws enacted to combat suburban sprawl called?
Community Reinvestment Act
Smart growth
Urban renewal
Zoning ordinances
34
An example of a weight reducing industry would be
Copper
Sailboats
Automobiles
Furniture
35
To participate in international trade, a country must id the assets it can provide. This is
Least cost Theory
Commodification
Supranationalism
Comparative advantage
36
Which of the following most accurately describes the Human Development Index (HDI)
composite of per capita income, infrastructure, corruption
composite of per capita income, education, infrastructure
composite of life expectancy, education, per capita income
composite of life expectancy, pollution, infrastructure
37
What happens in Stage 2 of the DTM?
CBR drops significantly, as crude death rate lags
total population growth stabilizes
CBR fand CDR change proportionally
CDR drops significantly, as crude birth rate lags
38
The concept of outsourcing is becoming more important. All of these are characteristics EXCEPT
typical examples are customer call centers
allows for 24 hour work day
typical practice of transnational corporations
cheaper labor costs
39
All of the following statements are criticisms of suburban sprawl in the US EXCEPT:
it is a tax burden from increased infrastructure costs
it contributes to the destruction of prime agricultural land
it reduces commute times
it creates higher energy costs
40
In Weber's Least Cost Theory, where would the best location of a paper mill in Portland, Oregon
Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area
Within the central business district in Portland
Near the port in Portland
Close to the other industrial areas in Portland
41
What do the UN, NATO, EU, ASEAN, and NAFTA have in common?
they are all multinational corporations
they are all non-governmental organizations
they are all supranational organizations
they are all military alliances
42
Which is NOT a characteristic of popular culture as defined by human geographers?
It is media driven
It includes traits that change often
It is widespread
It is typically found in remote regions
43
Drawing of internal political districts to benefit a political party
Gerrymandering
Redlining
Blockbusting
Stacked voting
44
The Industrial Rev is credited as the principal cause of pop growth at which stage of the DTM?
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 1
Stage 4
45
US immigration policy gives priority to immigrants w/ US family. That promotes
step migration
transnational migration
internal migration
chain migration
46
Which is true of Rostow's take-off model of economic growth?
Foreign investment is required for growth in Stage 2
Countries in Stage 5 experience deindustrialization
External demand for raw material drives growth in Stage 4
Globalization will slow down growth of developing countries
47
It is agreed that the current trend in voluntary migration is caused by
chain migration over international borders
educational opportunities available on the internet
political instability in the neighboring countries
increasing economic opportunities in urban areas
48
The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was
China
India
Northern England & Southern Scotland
United States
49
Which of the following in NOT a likely government response to an aging population?
decreasing taxes on the workforce
increasing taxes to pay for pensions
providing jobs for people over 65 to get work
raising the retirement age
50
_____ are people who have left their residence out of fear but have not left their own country.
internationally displaced persons
refugees
asylum seekers
undocumented immigrants
51
Based on the theory of distance decay, a resident of London is MOST likely to migrate to ...
Shanghai, China
Johannesburg, South Africa
Paris, France
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
52
a rectangular pop. pyramid tells you that the population of that country is -
falling slightly, but mostly staying steady
falling rapidly
growing slightly, but staying mostly steady
growing rapidly
53
in Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is determined by what factor?
the market area of a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
the minimum number of people to support a service
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
54
Demographic Transition Model uses 3 stats. when analyzing pop. trends: which one is NOT used
age - sex rations
birth rates
total population growth
death rates
55
Forced sterilization, infanticide, and state sponsored contraceptives are all examples of
liberal natalism
strict natalism
pro-natalism
anti-natalism
56
This image represents
ethnic exclave
ethnic segregation
ethnic enclave
ethnic separatism
57
Which statement is the MOST accurate when describing universalizing religions?
They appeal to one specific group of people
They are located in one specific place
They are practiced in many regions of the world
They have been practiced throughout human history
58
Which order follows the Concentric Zone Model pattern from inner ring to the outer ring?
Mixed residential, middle class, CBD, commuters
CBD,zone of transition,working class, middle class,commuters
CBD, Working Class, Mixed Use, Commuters
CBD, Mixed Use, New Development, suburban CBD
59
Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the Von Thunen Model of rural land use?
The city was completely surrounded by water
The soil quality changed for each ring
Farmers act under a profit-driven mindset
Arid climates dominated the outer rings
60
Which of the descriptions most accurately captures the process of globalization?
decline of communications technologies
spread of cultural homogeneity/loss of local distinctiveness
acceleration of interdependence across national borders
loss of interconnectedness between places
61
Which theorist believed that pandemics are a good thing because they limit pop. growth?
Esther Boserup
Von Thunen
Thomas Malthus
Karl Marx
62
Fundamental principle of the Sector Model is based on what?
Development is centered around transportation routes
Development is based on locations of businesses
Development is structured among the CBD
Development is based on amenities
63
most noticeable geographic trend in the last 30 yrs regarding the world's most populated cities
Most of the top 20 cities are in Africa
larger percentage of top 20 cities are in Europe
most of top 20 cities are in MDCs
Most of the top 20 cities are in LDCs
64
all of the following are reasons govts. would make policies to restrict immigration EXCEPT
they don't want immigrants to take already limited jobs
immigrants may force countries to experience brain drain
they fear immigrants will bring new diseases
they perceive immigrants as a threat to culture
65
Which info would be useful in determining which stage a country would be in on the DTM?
GDP per capita
literacy rate
infant mortality rate
total fertility rate