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MKT-345 Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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MKT-345 Final Exam Review
MKT-345 Final Exam Review
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1
The most compelling reference group for consumer behavior is:
family.
influencers.
friends.
coworkers.
2
The development of attitudes and behaviors can be determined by social class membership or by a persons...
Comparative group.
Opinion leader.
Reference group.
Symbolic group.
3
Communication is defined as:
a reference for consumer behavior.
consumer action responses.
the sum total of learned beliefs, values, and customs.
the transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver.
4
A type of symbolic activity consisting of a series of steps occurring in a fixed sequence and repeated over time is a:
target.
grouping.
symbol.
ritual.
5
The relative advantage is defined as...
the degree to which potential customers perceive new product as superior.
strategy that encourages individuals to pass a marketing message to others.
a complex matrix of buying power.
the use of permission marketing.
6
A measure of the amount of economic assets an individual possesses is...
Social class.
Wealth.
Social status.
Power.
7
This group of people are focused on conspicuous consumption...
baby boomers.
Gen Y
Gen Z
Gen X
8
Which of the following are objective measures of social class?
reputation, status and consumption.
consumption, social status and income.
occupation, income, and education.
education, reputation and status.
9
Two or more people who interact to accomplish either individual or mutual goals is a...
Group.
Family.
Household.
Market segment.
10
Consumer innovators tend to be...
opinion leaders.
the "wait and see" group.
the first to try new products.
the last to try new products.
11
Many marketers are are looking to the growing middle class in developing countries to expand their sales.
True
False
12
A rationale for geodemographic segmentation or clustering could be shown as:
"Birds of a feather flock together"
"Only time will tell"
"You can lead a horse to water..."
"To each his own"
13
Susan has chosen to have her wedding dress custom made, in line with the core American value of...
Conformity
Humanitarianism
Individualism
Activity
14
Permission marketing can be defined as...
convincing a consumer to take a survey.
assuming that consumers would like to receive ads, promos or messages.
a scam.
asking consumers if they would like to receive ads, promos or messages.
15
The specific set of brands a consumer considers in making a purchase within a particular product category are called:
the inept set.
the emotional set.
the evoked set.
the inert set.
16
Adopter categories include all of the following EXCEPT:
early majority, late majority
Innovators, early adopters
laggards
producers
17
A decision is defined as...
the specific brands a consumer considers in making a purchase.
a consumer model.
a method of comparative marketing.
the selection of an option from two or more alternative choices.
18
Advil comparing its benefits to Motrin IB as a pain killer is an example of:
positive message framing.
two-sided messaging.
comparative advertising.
the central route to persuasion.
19
A _______________marketing strategy stresses the diversity among consumers in different nations.
Global
Diverse
Comprehensive
Localized
20
Advertising strategy involves selling the same product using the same positioning approach and communications globally:
Mixed.
Global.
Restricted.
National.
21
Learning about foreign cultures is called...
ethnocentrism.
enculturation.
cultural research.
acculturation.
22
An unfocused state that is already present at the time a consumer "experiences" an ad, brand or product is called a(n)..
emotion.
decision.
mood.
bias.
23
A consumer with a wide range of information about types of products and other dimensions of the market is a...
opinion leader.
opinion seeker.
surrogate buyer.
market mavin.
24
Limited problem solving includes all of the following steps EXCEPT:
The various brands in the category,
have not fully established preferences concerning a select group of brands.
specifically identifying the target market.
consumers have already established the criteria for evaluating the product,
25
Athlete's Aid emphasizes the use of its product to prevent athlete's foot. This is an example of:
corrective advertising.
comparative advertising.
negative message framing.
positive message framing.
26
In the family decision-making process, family members with the power to determine whether to shop for and purchase are:
the deciders.
the users.
the preparers.
the disposers.
27
In the family decision-making process, family members who control the flow of information about a product are called:
gatekeepers.
users.
buyers.
influencers.
28
The marketing perspective that stresses the similarities among consumers worldwide is the:
comprehensive perspective.
global perspective.
local perspective.
diverse perspective.
29
Division of members of a society into a hierarchy of distinct status classes in that include similar characteristics is:
a social stratification.
a social class.
wealth.
prestige.
30
__________________ actively seek information from ______________.
Opinion receivers; opinion seekers.
Opinion seekers; opinion leaders.
Opinion seekers; opinion receivers.
Opinion leaders; opinion receivers.
31
The concept of freedom in a consumer behavior sense relates to which of the following?
Freedom of choice.
Freedom of press.
Freedom of worship.
Freedom of speech.
32
Which are examples of subcultural categories based on age:
Teenagers, Generation Xers, and the elderly.
Eastern, Southern, and Southwestern.
Lower, middle, and upper class.
Greek, Italian, and Russian.
33
Caucasian, African American, Asian American, and American Indians are examples which type of subculture?
racial.
nationality.
religious.
geographic.
34
Consumers develop shortcut decision rules called "heuristics" to facilitate the decision- making process & to cope with:
too much information.
negative information.
lack of information.
inconsistent information.
35
The learned beliefs, values, & customs that direct the consumer behavior of members of a particular society is known as:
conformity.
subculture.
society.
culture.
36
In 2050, the percentage of white Americans is expected to have...
decreased.
stayed the same.
diffuse.
increased.
37
An example of a ritual artifact is:
custom wedding music.
wedding flowers.
a custom wedding cake.
a custom wedding dress.
38
The Gap has rolled out Old Navy stores in America's malls try to appeal to which social class?
Upper-class consumers.
Lower-middle class consumers.
Upper-middle class consumers.
Working class consumers.
39
Awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption/rejection are the five stages of...
social systems.
buyer behavior.
purchase time.
the adoption process.
40
Marketers segment societies into smaller groups that consist of people of similar backgrounds. This is called a(n)...
subculture.
micromarket.
individual markets.
miniculture.
41
Everyday or routine behavior is an example of a persons'...
customs.
values.
rituals.
beliefs.
42
A shopping group consists of:
two or more people who live together.
two or more people who work together.
two or more people who gather together.
two or more people who shop together.
43
Which level of consumer decision making requires the greatest effort on the part of the consumer?
Limited problem solving.
Extensive problem solving.
Expression.
Economic problem solving.
44
A wedding is considered to be a...
Value.
Custom.
Culture.
Ritual
45
The key basis for message credibility is:
the rate of repetition of the advertisement.
The ability of the product/service to deliver consistent quality & value.
the medium in which the message is delivered.
the time of day at which the message is delivered.
46
The term viral marketing describes all of the following EXCEPT:
influences the perception of new product as superior.
creates the potential for exponential growth in the message's exposure.
any strategy that encourages individuals to pass on a marketing message.
creates the potential for exponential growth in the message's influence.
47
Which reference group is Kevin's mother a part of in relation to Kevin...
Indirect reference group.
Comparative reference group.
Normative reference group.
Direct reference group.
48
"Time economy" is accomplished when consumers...
go to several stores.
shopping during the weekdays.
have brand loyalty.
use coupons.
49
Placement of advertisements at the end of an advertising series is an attempt to take advantage of:
Repetition.
Primacy effects.
Recency effects.
Positive message framing.
50
Enculturation is defined as...
The learning of a set of cultures.
The learning of others' cultures.
The learning of one's own culture.
The learning of all cultures.
51
Kevin's patronage of the same shop that his mother used constitutes...
Referral.
Intergenerational brand transfer.
Endorsement.
Word-of-mouth.
52
The effort to determine to what extent the consumers of two or more nations are similar or different is defined as...
Cross-cultural analysis.
Country of origin effects.
Marketing research.
Consumer behavior.
53
The process by which one person informally influences the actions or attitudes of others is ...
Opinion receipt.
Opinion seeking.
Opinion leadership.
Opinion communication.
54
In relation to Kevin, Kevin's teammate is part of which reference group?
Direct reference group.
Normative reference group.
Indirect reference group.
Comparative reference group.
55
Generation Y, Generation X, baby boomers, and seniors are four subcultural segments based on...
religion.
race.
age.
credit score.
56
The Lexicographic decision rule consists of all of the following steps EXCEPT:
contrasts all like products.
consumer ranks a product's attributes in terms of perceived relevance
compares the various alternatives in terms of the most important attribute
if two or more attributes are tied, the rating reflects the 2nd best
57
All of the following make up the consumer decision making process EXCEPT:
extensive problem solving.
routinized response behavior.
advertising resonance.
limited problem solving.
58
The upper class is more likely to engage in which activities...
eating fast food and going to a movie.
painting their faces and attending a hockey game.
going to nightclubs and singing karaoke.
attending the theatre and play bridge.
59
Feedback provides information on...
the sales response.
whether and how well the message was received.
pricing.
market fluctuations.
60
The ______________ component of the consumer decision-making model is concerned with how consumers make decisions.
Output
Decision
Input
Process
61
In addition to the basic parts of sender, receiver, medium, & message, the fifth essential part of communication is...
expression.
transfer.
creativity.
feedback.
62
A dynamically continuous innovation is...
a straight-line innovation.
unpredictable.
a form of discontinuous innovation.
somewhat disruptive with regards to established patterns of consumption.
63
Which of the following social classes tends to want immediate gratification when it comes to saving, spending & credit?
Upper-middle class.
All classes equally.
Middle class.
Lower class.
64
When Hershey came out with Kisses with almonds in them, this constituted...
Continuous innovation.
Triangular innovation.
Discontinuous innovation.
Circular innovation.
65
In a foreign market, you should utilize which "P's"?
Place, people, and products.
Price, place, and people.
Place, price, and position.
Products, people and position.
66
The largest age subculture (generation of people) that influence marketing is:
Generation X
Generation Y
Baby boomers
Twixters
67
Products manufactured, packaged, positioned in exactly the same way regardless of the country in which they are sold are
international brand.
world brand.
national brand.
local brand.
