Bio 1500 Exam 3

Transfer of energy through photosynthesis and respiration.

Gases move from an area of .... partial pressure to an area of ..... partial pressure

Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure at Mt. Everest

how does carbon dioxide move from the body cells to the lungs?

Each O₂ binding boosts Hb's affinity by 300%.

Oxygen Partial Pressure at Mt. Everest

Molecules that react in enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

Altered by changes in amino acid sequence.

Air sacs in lungs for gas exchange.

Lower pH and higher PCO₂ decrease O₂ affinity.

Amino acids that form hydrogen bonds with water.

Whereas glycine ---- the flexibility of the polypeptide, proline makes it ---- for the polypeptide to fold.

Another word for 'protein' is ---- and another name for the R group is the ---- .

Decrease in oxygen levels linked to ecosystem changes.

Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure at sea level

Difference in ion concentration across membranes.

Four sites on Hb for O₂ binding.

Series of proteins transferring electrons to create ATP.

How does the Pco2 of the outside of the air compare with the Pco2 inside the lungs?

Region on enzyme where substrate binds.

If Hb has a low affinity for O2, it means that:

Movement of carbon through photosynthesis and respiration.

sequence of amino acids

Identify fields of science that rely on observations and modeling more than experiments

Covalent bonds linking amino acids in proteins.

The air in the lungs has .. O2 partial pressure than the outside atmosphere, and ... O2 partial pressure than the blood.

Movement of protons powering ATP synthesis.

Small PO₂ drop causes large O₂ release.

Proton concentration difference used for ATP production.

Hemoglobin's primary role in red blood cells.

folding or twisting caused by interactions between nearby amino acids

Nitrogen Partial Pressure at Mt. Everest

How does the Po2 of the outside air compare with the Po2 inside the lungs

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, electron carrier.

Work done by cells using energy gradients.

Differs in leaves versus isolated conditions.

Atmospheric pressure @ Mt. Everest is

Explain where most of the matter in organic carbons comes from

Process of carbon accumulation from decomposed plants.

Oxygen makes up a smaller percentage of the total air molecules present on Mt. Everest than it's percentage at sea level

Complex organic polymer in plant cell walls.

Ecology, paleontology, meteorology, astronomy, and biology.

Process converting light energy into chemical energy.

Enzyme that produces ATP using proton gradient.

Adenosine diphosphate, precursor to ATP.

Photosynthesis produces O2; respiration consumes it.

Enhances problem-solving and reduces bias.

Humans needs supplemental oxygen to survive. Why is that?

Time of high oxygen levels due to plant growth.

Small PO₂ drop causes large O₂ release.

Requires complex affinity for effective transport.

Volume of air inhaled/exhaled at rest.

Maximum air volume exhaled after full inhalation.

Other than moving O2 in body, what is the function of hemoglobin?

Determined by the shape of the active site.

Protein with a compact, spherical shape

Enzyme producing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Minimum energy required for a chemical reaction.

Concentration of O2 in Earth's atmosphere.

Pressure of a specific gas in a mixture.

Chains of amino acids forming proteins.

Movement of air into and out of lungs.

O₂ transport protein in red blood cells.

Tiny air sacs in lungs for gas exchange.

Three-dimensional shape of a protein.

Compared at sea level, the PO2 on mount Everest is ...

The shape resulting from the association of two or more polypeptide subunits:Not every protein structure has this

Amino acids that aggregate away from water.

Air remaining in lungs after exhalation.

where in a human body would you find hemoglobin?

Iron-containing structures that bind O₂.

Oxygen is ___ the amount on Mt. Everest than at sea level

Po2 is lower at the top of Mt. Everest than at sea level

Pressure exerted by air in the atmosphere.

Well-supported explanation from multiple evidence lines.

Proposed explanation based on limited evidence.

Humans cannot work for extended periods of time above ___m to ___ m altitude

proteins are chains of

Biological catalysts that speed up reactions.

Sequence of amino acids in a protein.

Nitrogen Partial Pressure at sea level

All Atmospheric Gases are involved in partial pressure are

Transfer of gases between air and blood.

Electrical signal created by ion movement in nerves.

There is NOT just one scientific method

Determines protein's primary structure and function.

how does oxygen move from the lungs to the blood?

Region where substrates bind to enzymes.

Oxygen Partial Pressure at sea level

Scientists are not solitary; they collaborate often.

Pigment that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.

Process of converting glucose into ATP.

Why do so many humans die when they climb Mt. Everest?

If hb has a high affinity for oxygen it means that...

The binding site for oxygen

interactions between distant amino acids in a polypeptide (R groups), generating a 3D shape

Atmospheric pressure @ sea level is

Difference in proton concentration across a membrane.

Differences in atmospheric composition at different elevations.

Emission of light by chlorophyll after photon absorption.