Experiments emphasize parsimony, which means...

interpreting the results in the simplest way.

What does the dependent variable do

expresses the outcome or the data

The most valuable type of research is...

the experiment, used to discover cause and effect relationships.

Saying the results are not statistically significant is another way of saying...

The P-value is more than the significance level.

If a researcher changes the significance level from .05 to .001, then

this will have no impact on Type I and Type II errors.

An experiment is said to be confounded when

undesirable varibles are not kept out of the experiment.

ANOVA and MANOVA tests are used when....

comparing the means of more than two groups.

What are regression tests used for?

test cause-and -effect relationships.

Comparison tests look for differences among group means. T-Tests are used when?

comparing the means of exactly two groups.

In experimental terminology IV stands for ___ and DV stands for___

independent variable; dependent variable

A Type I error occurs when

you reject the null when it is true.

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Research and Program Evaluation

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Questions 21

Answers

1
Experimenters should always abide by a code of ethics. The variable you manipulate in an experiment is the
DV.
dependent variable.
IV or independent variable.
the variable you will measure to determine the outcome.
2
Experiments emphasize parsimony, which means...
interpreting the results using a clinical interview.
interpreting the results using correlation coefficient.
interpreting the results in the simplest way.
interpreting the results in the most complex manner.
3
In order to see if significant differences exist in an ANOVA you would consult....
the mode.
a table for t-values.
the chi-square.
a table for F values.
4
What does the dependent variable do
expresses the outcome or the data
control the study
cause subject to depend
5
The study that would best rule out chance factors would have a significance level of P =
.001
.05
.01
.08
6
A Type II error
means you accept null when it is false.
a & c
is also a beta error.
means you reject null when it is applicable.
7
The most valuable type of research is...
conducted using the chi-square.
the experiment, used to discover cause and effect relationships.
the quasi-experiment.
always conducted using a factor analysis.
8
Saying the results are not statistically significant is another way of saying...
The results do not lead to an important decision.
There is enough evidence to conclude hypotheses is true.
The P-value is more than the significance level.
The null hypothesis is true.
9
Which level of significance would best rule out change factors?
.2
.001
.01
.05
10
Type I and Type II errors are called ___ and ____ respectively.
beta; alpha
alpha; beta
a & b
.01; .05
11
If a researcher changes the significance level from .05 to .001, then
this will have no impact on Type I and Type II errors.
alpha errors decrease; however, beta errors increase.
alpha errors increase but beta errors decrease.
alpha and beta errors will increase.
12
An experiment is said to be confounded when
basic research is used in place of applied research.
the sample is random.
undesirable variables are kept out of the experiment.
undesirable varibles are not kept out of the experiment.
13
ANOVA and MANOVA tests are used when....
Comparing all the groups as one.
Comparing only two groups.
comparing the means of more than two groups.
14
From a purely statistical standpoint, to compare a control group to the experimental group the researchers will need
a coorelation coefficient.
percentile rank.
only descriptive statistics.
a test of significance.
15
What are regression tests used for?
test the outcome of the variables.
test the reliability.
test cause-and -effect relationships.
test the validity.
16
Comparison tests look for differences among group means. T-Tests are used when?
comparing all groups in one.
comparing the means of exactly two groups.
comparing means of more than two groups.
17
Nondirective is to person-centered as
appraisal is to research
confounding is to experimenting
parsimony is to Occam's Razor.
psychological testing is to counseling.
18
When you see the letter P in relation to a test of significance it means
probability.
population parameter.
portion.
19
In experimental terminology IV stands for ___ and DV stands for___
dependent variable; independent variable
individual variable; dependent variable
independent variable; designer variable
independent variable; dependent variable
20
In the social sciences the accepted probability level is usually...
.05 or less
.0001 or less
1.0 or higher
.05 or higher
21
A Type I error occurs when
you fail to use a test of significance.
you have a beta error.
you reject the null when it is true.
you accept null when it is false.

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