Which was NOT common among the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals between 1450-1750?

were weakened by failed land invasions into Western Europe

Which best characterizes the period of Ming rule in China?

isolationism, Confucian values, econ/pop growth

Which is Peter and Catherine the Great's attitude toward adopting Western culture?

new ideas/methods to increase ruling family's power

Which best characterizes the political situation in the West around 1450?

small political units led by local and regional aristocrats

Which end result of industrial development was most important to Peter the Great?

Russian capacity to produce modern weapons

Which is the political situation in the West around 1450-1750?

centralized monarchies governed homogenous kingdoms

Why did the Ming stop Zhenghe's extensive overseas exploration?

imperial bureaucracy disagreed over their importance

Which Russian Empire feature was not found in Western European empires between 1500-1800?

expansion was mainly carried over land and not sea

Which end result of industrial development was most important to Peter the Great?

Russian capacity to produce modern weapons

Why did the Renaissance originate in the city-states of northern Italy?

urban elites grown rich in trade hubs provided finances

In what New World society did the slave pop grow through natural increase and not importation?

Southern British North American colonies

Which is most true of the Middle Passage?

mortality on marches to African coast were higher than ship

How did the British and Afrikaners relate after the British arrived in S. Africa @ 1795?

Britain owns S. Africa, but conflict over land contiues

Which contemporary development impacted foreign relations of Ottoman, Mughal, and Safavids?

movement of the maritime West toward a new global network

How was the West present in Africa and Asia by 1750?

West had failed to establish lasting presence of any kind.

Which trend was most typical in slave-capturing coastal West African kingdoms, such as Dahomey?

increasing centralization + importance of military/firearms

Which impulse for colonizing North America was missing from the rest of the New World?

freedom from religious persecution

Which destabilizing influence did the Ottoman, Mughal, and Safavid empires face @ era 4?

influx of silver through trade with West led to inflation

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Answers

1
Which was NOT common among the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals between 1450-1750?
faced mounting challenges from rising maritime Westerns
were weakened by failed land invasions into Western Europe
had difficulty maintaining centralized rule over regions
were founded by nomadic Turkic peoples
2
Why did the Ming decide to stop treasure voyages in 1433 (that could have made China dominant)?
dominant neo-Confucian worldview de-emphasized non-Chinese
internal economic development was flourishing,
all of these
resources were required to thwart nomadic incursions
3
Which best characterizes the period of Ming rule in China?
"classical" China
isolationism, Confucian values, econ/pop growth
construction of the Grand Canal and a new urban era
deterioration of Confucian values, econ/pop contraction
4
Which western power established trade forts @ Indian Ocean basin like Ormuz, Goa, and Malacca?
Portugal
Spain
Netherlands
England
5
Which is Peter and Catherine the Great's attitude toward adopting Western culture?
its harmless influence was allowed to spread
it was a key step on the road to Russian democracy
it was a waste of time and an insult to Russian tradition
new ideas/methods to increase ruling family's power
6
Which best characterizes the political situation in the West around 1450?
highly centralized, powerful monarchies, one language
Renaissance ideas had spread, democracy very popular
small political units led by local and regional aristocrats
nation-state had taken root and monarchy had passed
7
Which made the most sustained efforts to spread Christianity @ South and East Asia @ 1450-1750?
Franciscans
Huguenots
Jesuits
Anglicans
8
Which empire ruled the territory with the greatest degree of religious homogeneity @ 1450-1750?
Ottoman
Mughal
Safavid
Spanish
9
What effects did Mongols have on world history?
stabilization of long-distance trade routes
all of the above
Spread the bubonic plague across the Eurasian landmass
exposed old centers of civilizations to new rel/intellect
10
Which end result of industrial development was most important to Peter the Great?
ability to protect naval power across the Pacific Ocean
a raised cultural level of the resultant urban masses
growth of vibrant merchant class
Russian capacity to produce modern weapons
11
Which is the political situation in the West around 1450-1750?
centralized monarchies governed homogenous kingdoms
Renaissance ideas spread and democracy was preferred
small political units led by local aristocrats
the nation-state had taken root and monarchy had passed
12
Which traces its roots to the Catholic, or Counter, Reformation?
Calvinists
Coptic Christians
Benedictine monks
Jesuits
13
Supply + demand, "laissez-faire", and the "invisible hand of the market" can all be traced to
David Ricardo
Karl Marx
Giovanni Boccaccio
Adam Smith
14
Which Western tradition did the continuation of the Atlantic slave trade violate most?
Enlightenment
Greco-Roman
Feudal
Mercantalist
15
Why did the Ming stop Zhenghe's extensive overseas exploration?
imperial bureaucracy disagreed over their importance
rare suspension of monsoon winds that made voyaging tough
grievous naval defeats at the hands of the Portuguese
Chinese merchants preferred foreign-made goods
16
Which Russian Empire feature was not found in Western European empires between 1500-1800?
expansion was mainly carried over land and not sea
Russia had military dominance over less sophisticated people
territorial expansion was a major goal
Multiple ethnicities fell under the rule of a single monarch
17
Which state cracked down on Christian converts, and further isolated from West?
Kongo kingdom
Ming China
Mughal India
Tokugawa Japan
18
Which event created an opening for the West to move to the core of global maritime trade?
all of the above
fall of Byzantines after the Ottomans sacked Constantinople
Ming reversal of treasure ship voyages in 1433
collapse of Mongol power in the mid-15th century
19
Which colony was claimed by Spain by Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe,1519-21
The Philippines
Mexico
Madagascar
Hispanola
20
Which is an exception to the rule of growing power of absolute monarchies @ West 1450-1750?
France
Spain
England
Prussia
21
Which social class rose to dominance relatively quickly in the New World?
merchant
proletarian
independent farmer/peasant
aristocracy
22
Which event established the basic sovereignty of Parliament over the king of England?
Reform Act of 1832
The Magna Carta
The Glorious Revolution
The American Revolution
23
Who is credited with bringing awareness to the heliocentric nature of the solar system @ West?
Copernicus
Galileo
Columbus
Aristotle
24
Which does not belong in a list of Catholic doctrines rejected by Martin Luther?
granting of indulgences
papal authority
monasticism
acceptance of the Holy Trinity
25
Which European trade product met with the greatest demand in East Asia between 1450-1750?
steam engines
silk
Bullion
Opium
26
Which was least able to control and regulate its trade relations with the West @ 1450-1750?
Safavid Persia
Ming China
Kongo kingdom
Tokugawa Japan
27
Which end result of industrial development was most important to Peter the Great?
Russian capacity to produce modern weapons
ability to project naval power across the Pacific Ocean
Growth of a vibrant merchant class
raised cultural level of the resultant urban masses
28
Which were the first slave-based island plantation colonies set up by Western powers?
Bahamas
Canary and Madeiras Islands
Hispanola
Jamaica
29
Why did the Renaissance originate in the city-states of northern Italy?
techniques left behind by Ottoman occupation
expatriate Chinese artists settled there
urban elites grown rich in trade hubs provided finances
urban artisans provided financial backing
30
Which was unique to Russian Industrial development in the czarist period?
application of heavy industry to military uses
increased importance of the mining sector of the econom
growing urbanization
use of serf labor in factories
31
In what New World society did the slave pop grow through natural increase and not importation?
Southern British North American colonies
Jamaica
Argentina
Haiti
32
Which monarchy constructed the largest contiguous land empire, 2nd in size only to the Mongols?
British
Russian
Qing
Mughal
33
Which is most true of the Middle Passage?
it lasted one year or more
African naval expertise was key to guiding Atlantic vessels
it was a pleasant voyage
mortality on marches to African coast were higher than ship
34
Which civs were most able to maintain isolationism in relation to the maritime West @ 1450-1750
West African
Mesoamerican
South Asian
East Asian
35
Which branch of Protestantism can trace its roots to a royal figure?
Anglican
Calvinism
Lutheranism
Presbyterian
36
How did the British and Afrikaners relate after the British arrived in S. Africa @ 1795?
Britain owns S. Africa, but conflict over land contiues
unity in the face of superior African military might
maintenance of Afrikaner political supremacy
hostility and complete social segregation
37
Which contemporary development impacted foreign relations of Ottoman, Mughal, and Safavids?
Ming Dynasy launched expeditions into the Indian Ocean
flooding of global markets with precious metals
drive of the Romanov dynaty in Russia for territory
movement of the maritime West toward a new global network
38
Which shows the transition from conquest to settlment in the New World?
disappearance of the majority of indigenous population
increased emigration of Spanish women to New World
initial gold, later sugar plantations
all of the above
39
The shift of the Russian imperial capital to which city showed Peter the Great's western lean?
St. Petersburg
Kiev
Belgrade
Moscow
40
Which class grew most in absolute numbers due to commercialization of the Western economy?
peasantry
aristocracy
proletarians
merchants
41
Which thinker established principles of objects in motion and defined the forces of gravity?
Descartes
Rousseau
Galileo
Newton
42
Which didn't prevent Euro powers from establishing more than coastal settlements @ Africa?
climate
impassable rivers
inferior weapon technology
disease
43
Which Russian territorial possession lay farthest from the center of power in St. Petersburg?
Alaska
Crimea
Poland
Siberia
44
How was the West present in Africa and Asia by 1750?
West had failed to establish lasting presence of any kind.
West had set up direct rule of colonial holdings.
Westerns immigrated into Asia and Africa as basis to rule
West was limited to coastal forts.
45
Which of the following were targeted in the Spanish "Reconquista" of the late 15th century?
Muslims and Huguenots
Muslims and Jews
Catholics and Jews
Catholics and Jews
46
The first Asian commodity Western merchants were able to control in production and trade?
spices
porcelain
cotton
opium
47
Which trend was most typical in slave-capturing coastal West African kingdoms, such as Dahomey?
depopulation as younger generations were shipped away
increasing centralization + importance of military/firearms
industrialization as a result of capital accumulation
mass conversion to Christianty
48
Which impulse for colonizing North America was missing from the rest of the New World?
missionary drive to convert Native Americans to Christianity
search for gold
freedom from religious persecution
setting up slave plantations
49
The rule of which Chinese dynasties overlap with the time period 1450-1750?
Ming and Song
Yuan, and Qing
Yuan and Song
Ming and Qing
50
Which destabilizing influence did the Ottoman, Mughal, and Safavid empires face @ era 4?
western siege and occupation of their capital cities
revived threats from central Asian nomads
unprecendented drought
influx of silver through trade with West led to inflation
51
Which European power won the colony of Indonesia away from the Portuguese in the 17th century?
France
Spain
England
Holland
52
By 1750 what was the most populous region on the globe?
Western Europe
East Asia
North and South America
Sub-Saharan Africa
53
Which tradition sought answers about nature through applying reason and investigation ?
scientific revolution
enlightenment
Phenomenology
renaissance
54
What commonality can be ascribed to the key cash crops sugar, tobacco, and coffee?
European indentured servants performed the labor involved.
Chinese demand for all three drove expansion.
They require temperate climate to grow.
each one has addictive qualities
55
Why did the Renaissance originate in the city-states of northern Italy?
Ottomans left behind techniques that formed basis of new art
Urban artisans provided financial backing.
Bubonic Plague depopulated rural centers of art
Urban elites grown rich in trade hubs provided financing.
56
Which Russian territorial posession lay farthest from the center of power in St. Petersburg?
Crimea
Finland
Alaska
Siberia
57
The Afrikaners who settled in southern Africa traced their origin back to which Euro region?
England
France
Netherlands
Germany
58
How did Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal rulers respond to the West's rise @ world affairs post1500
underestimated, and did not adopt, western advances
confronted the West @ high seas thwarted West's encroachment
sought help from Ming and Qing dynasties to resist the West
Western merchants' attacked with firearms/artillery
59
Which enlightenment thinker most influenced TJ's "life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness"?
John Locke
Rousseau
Voltaire
Rene Descartes
60
What was the long term impact of the massive influx of silver in the Spanish economy?
inflation, unwise gov't spending
permanent economic advantage over other European powers
development of the most sophisticated banking system @ world
61
Rel tolerance, Hindu-Muslim intermarriage,abolition of the jizya tax was which Mughal ruler?
Babur
Selim II
Akbar
Aurangzeb
62
Which New World commodity was of the greatest value to the Spanish monarchy?
Sugar
Silver
Potato
Tomato
63
Which group suffered greaest loss of authority as absolute monarchy took hold @ West @ 1600s?
monarchs
aristocrats
artisans
merchants
64
Which European nation projects farthest west off the Eurasian landmass and into the Atlantic?
Netherlands
France
Portugal
England
65
Which is most Safavid compared to Ottoman and Mughal Empires?
high levels of palace intrigue, fights for succession
limited public roles for women
adherence to Shia and not Sunni Islam
growing interaction with maritime Western Powers
66
How did Russia fit into the emerging global economy in the period 1450-1750?
as a supplier of grain, timber, fur, and other raw goods
center of industrial development/exported finished goods
as a market for grain grown in the New World
source of serf labor to fill soils of W. Europe
67
Which reintroduced the West to the knowledge and trade of the Middle and Far East after 1000CE?
Black Death
Crusades
travels of Marco Polo
voyages of Vasco da Gama
68
In which colonized region did Western culture supplant existing culture most completely @ era 4
West Africa
East Asia
Caribbean + Latin America
North and South America
69
The factories of the Industrial Revolution depended most heavily on the labor of which group?
landed peasantry
aristocracy
merchants
proletarians
70
Which three Muslim empires emerged from the wreckage left behind after the Mongol invasions?
Umayyad, Safavid, Mughal
Abbasid, Ottoman, Umayyad
Mughal, Safavid, Ottoman
Ottoman, Umayyad, Safavid
71
To which location was the greatest number of enslaved Africans transported?
Spanish Mexico
British North America
French Saint-Domingue (Haiti)
Portuguese Brazil
72
What is the immediate precursor to the factory system of production that arose in England?
cottage industry
specialization of labor
three-field system
mass assembly line production
73
What was the demographic impact of the Columbian Exchange on the populations of the Old World?
increase in West African population to provide slaves
increased life expectancy due to new medicinal plants
population growth based on New World crops (corn + potato)
massive depopulation due to migration to the Americas
74
Which label best characterizes the Italian Renaissance?
a religious movement
a cultural movement
a political movement
a global movement
75
Which was outside the world network of trade in 1450?
Scandinavia
East Africa
Mesoamerica
Philippines
76
The Afrikaners settled in southern Africa traced their origin back to which European region?
France
Netherlands
Germany
England
77
Which is the least likely trade transaction along Africa's northeast coast @ 1450 - 1750?
Ivory exported to India
Gold exported to Persia
Female slaves exported to West Indies sugar plantations
female slaves exported to Arabian Peninsula
78
Aside from the Yuan, which other Chinese dynasty was founded by nomadic invaders?
Song
Han
Qin
Qing (Manchu)
79
How was racial hierarchy in North America different than Spanish Latin America?
Native Americans were preferred over Africans as slaves
European settlers formed a smaller minority of population
enslaved Africans had manumission upon owner's death
intermarriage was much less common
80
How did Spanish colonies reproduce existing Iberian social structures?
religious toleration was important
gender roles preserved; an equal # of men and women
Peninsulares wanted feudal estates with indigenous labor
colonies were established as monarchies in their own right
81
In which neighboring region(s) did the Russian Empire gain the most land during the Romanovs?
Baltic States
Siberia and Central Asia
Black Sea Region
Poland
82
In which regional waterway did the West most rapidly emerge into dominance after 1450?
Arabian Sea
South China Sea
Eastern Mediterranean
Caribbean Sea
83
Which is a disease Europeans were exposed to after interacting with peoples of the New World?
Syphillis
Mumps
Smallpox
Measles
84
We associate the Maori people with which of the following locations?
Polynesia
New Zealand
Azores
Tasmania
85
Which is not part of the intellectual movement known as the Enlightenment?
rulers are blessed by the divine
people have rights
blind faith in religion is wrong
reason is the way to truth
86
Where in the New World did slavery last the longest?
Cuba
Brazil
The United States
Haiti
87
What power relations existed among Eurasian civilizations as they approached the year 1450?
Islamic caliphates were reaching the height of their power.
Ming rulers doubled their efforts to trade @ Indian Ocean
power vacuum: Byzantine, Abbasid fell, Ming isolated
Western European trade and Renaissance dominates
88
Which applied reason to politics and is an extension of the Scientific Revolution?
Bolshevik Revolution
Renaissance
Protestant Reformation
Enlightenment
89
Which was not part of the Ottoman Empire at its height?
Spain
Balkan Peninsula
North Africa
Middle East
90
What was the demographic impact of the Colombian Exchange on the populations of the Old World?
increase in West Africa to furnish people for slave trade
decrease in male population
pop growth based on New World crops like corn and potato
depopulation of Western Europe/migration to Americas
91
Where did Luther's movement first take root?
Germany
France
Spain
England
92
What was Spain's Asian colony?
Philippines
Java
Malacca
Siam
93
Which is the Latin American racial hierarchy, from lowest to highest, in status?
creole, mestizo, mulatto, peninsular, amerindian, slave
Amerindian, slave, mulatto, mestizo, creole, peninsular
Mestizo, mulatto, Amerindian, slave, peninsular, creole
peninsular, creole, mestizo, mulatto, slave, amerindian
94
Which of the following branches of Protestantism can trace its roots to a royal figure?
Presbyterian
Anglican
Lutheranism
Calvinism
95
Which belief system had little to no following in India by 1750?
Islam
Hinduism
Confucianism
Christianity
96
How was the racial hierarchy @ North America different than in Spanish Latin America?
Native American leaders had equal status as Europeans
intermarriage of different races was much less common
European settlers formed a smaller minority of the pop
Native Americans were preferred over Africans to be slaves
97
Which tradition of earlier caliphates continued to impact Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals?
dependence of Confucian bureaucrats undermined scholars
lack of clear succession principles led to recurrent crises
females in power suffered crisis of legitimacy due to gender
Western Europe had always had the upper hand in trade
98
Which is not a characteristic of the Janissary corps in the Ottoman Empire?
launched successful attacks of Central Euro, sacked Vienna
relied on gunpowder musketry and artillery for weaponry
intervened in dyanastic succession disputes frequently
composed of young men from conquered lands
99
Which was unique to Russian industrial development in the czarist period?
growing urbanization
application of heavy industry to military uses
use of serf labor in factories
increased importance in the mining industry
100
Which were targeted in the Spanish "Reconquista" of the late fifteenth century?
Huguenots and Jews
Muslims and Jews
Muslims and Huguenots
Catholics and Jews
101
In which century did th Atlantic slave trade peak in terms of numbers of Africans transported?
Fifteenth
Eighteenth
Seventeenth
Sixteenth

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