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Unit 4 - Scientific, Philosophical, and political development Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 4 - Scientific, Philosophical, and political development
Unit 4 - Scientific, Philosophical, and political development
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1
Copernicus’ major book was titled
The merchant of Venice
Exemplary novels
On the revolutions of the heavenly spheres
2
Nicolaus Copernicus
Had no association with the scientific revolution
Supported the Ptolemaic system
Creates doubt about the Ptolemaic system
3
Scholars devoted to hermeticism…
Believed humans could use math and magic to dominate nature
Believed humans could not use math nor magic to dominate nature
Believed humans could not dominate nature
4
Who was the first to explain that the heart worked like a pump
Blaise pascal
Benedict de Spinoza
William Harvey
5
William Harvey
Recognized sciences rational superiority
Discovered the circulation of blood through veins and arteries
Was an influential author, he wrote in multiple language, making it popular
6
The cosmological views of the later Middle Ages held that what was the center of the universe
The sun
The earth
Nothing
7
The Law of inertia was all of the following BUT..
Objects continue in motion forever unless stopped by some external force
Formulated by Galileo
States that motion, not rest, is the natural state of an object
Formed in 1662
8
Geocentric conception
Concentric spheres with no singular planet at center
Concentric spheres with fixed earth at center
Concentric spheres with sun at center
9
Copernicus supported the heliocentric conception of the universe because
It was studied, proved, and explained by multiple people for long periods
It offers an accurate explanation for heavenly motions
Many other people supported this idea, he wanted to put an end to conflict
10
Blaise pascal was/did all of the following except
Pensées (thoughts) - sought to convert rationalists to Christianity
Sought unity of science and religion
Argued with Spinoza claiming that there was no correlation between the two
Reason had limits
11
The scientific revolution of the 17th century
Was based on scientific achievements of the previous centuries
Resulted in a decrease of scientific knowledge due to complication in theor
12
Copernican hypothesis
There is no center of the earth, rather every planet rotates
The earth is the center of the universe, with the other planets rotating
The sun, not the earth was the center of the universe
13
What is Isaac newton remembered for?
Developing the calculus, law of gravitation, and his three laws of motion
Focusing on theoretical work in mechanics and astronomy
Bringing people together to discuss their findings within the revolution
14
According to Leonardo da Vinci, what subject was the key to understanding the nature of things?
Mathematics
Literature
Science
History
15
The Ptolemaic conception of the universe was also known as
The Copernicus system
The conception
The geocentric conception
16
Benedict de Spinoza did all of the following except
Worked to justify why science and religion work together
Reason creates happiness and freedom
Philosophy of pantheism (monism)
Argued a difference between science and religion, claimed no relation
17
Law of universal gravitation
Newtons law that all objects are attracted to one another
Newtons law that all objects reject each other
Newtons law that objects are neither attracted nor rejecting each other
18
The greatest achievements in science during the 16th-17th centuries came in what 3 areas?
Medicine, astronomy, mathematics
Astronomy, medicine, mechanics
Mathematics, science, astronomy
Science, medicine, mathematics
19
The following image pictures what
Medieval conception of the universe
The Copernicus system
The Ptolemaic system
20
Who created three laws of planetary motion that disproved the Ptolemaic system
Brahe
Copernicus
Johannes Kepler
