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2025 ALL REVIEW Flashcards | StudBud
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2025 ALL REVIEW
2025 ALL REVIEW
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1
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
A straight line
Negatively skewed
Normal
Positively skewed
2
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic theory?
The unconscious mind
Structuralism
Gestalt Theory
Behaviorism
3
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
4
Def Mech: Brian is extremely upset; as he is upset he laughs...
rationalization
reaction formation
projection
displacement
5
Which of the following r values indicates a strong negative correlation?
0.94
-9.9
-.89
-.3
6
The following graph shows what type of correlation?
Negative
Positive
No Correlation
7
If a result is statistically significant, this means that the
Participants receive scored over 50%
There is < 5% likelihood that the results occured by chance
Rresults of the test are positively correlated with another
Scores were less than 1 standard deviation from the mean
8
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Primary satisfaction
Self-actualization
Homeostasis
Equilibrium
9
During what stage of sleep does vivid dreaming occur?
NREM 1
REM
NREM 3
NREM 2
10
Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic theory has been criticized for being...
Unscientific and unverifiable
Appropriate for only female patients.
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Too applicable for research settings.
11
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
12
the self serving bias refers to
taking credit for sucesses and attribute failures to situational factors
being an individual and not caring about others opinion
an important characteristic towards impressions
influencing others to think good about yourself
13
Which graph looks like a STRONG positive correlation?
Graph 2
Graph 1
14
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
15
What is the only way to prove CAUSATION?
Experiment
Survey
Case Study
Naturalistic Observation
16
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Cognitive
Behaviorist
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
17
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
UCS
CS
CR
UCR
18
What is the definition of depressant drugs?
A drug that speeds up the activity of the CNS
A drug that speeds up the activity of Circulatory System
A drug that slows down the activity of the CNS
A drug that slows the activity of the Circulatory System
19
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Affection
Autonomy
Identity
Career
20
Which defense mechanism do you ACT LIKE A CHILD?
Displacement
Projection
Regression
Conversion
21
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Endorphins
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
Adrenaline
22
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Avoidant
Secure
Authoritative
Authoritarian
23
What is somnambulism?
difficulty breathing when asleep
sleep-talking
sleep-walking
difficulty remaining asleep
24
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
25
What is a placebo?
none of these
active substance in a drug research
inactive substance given in place of a drug in a experiment
both 1 and 2
26
Which brain scans should be used when studying connections between stimuli and brain processes?
MRI and CAT
EKG and CAT
CAT and EKG
PET and EEG
27
What does a stimulant do?
Brain speeds up
Heart slows down
Cause the body's functions to work faster
Cause the body's functions to work slower
28
Which level of consciousness controls involuntary body processes?
Autonomic level
Unconscious level
Subconscious level
Nonconscious level
29
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Operational
Syllogistic
Abstract reasoning
Formal operations
30
What is NOT an effect of depressant drugs?
Impaired vision
Slow brain function
Fast respiration
Slurred speech
31
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
32
Schachter-Singer's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
Cognition is involved in physiological reactions and emotions
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
33
defense mech: the boss is mad at mom, mom comes home and yells at you...
Displacement
Projection
Reaction Formation
Sublimation
34
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Intelligence
Reading ability
Motor development
Self-esteem
35
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
Our adaptability to different problems.
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
36
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
Increased arousal.
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
Less reported stress.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
37
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Control of the left hand
Spatial reasoning
Abstract reasoning
Producing speech
38
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Rationalization
Regression
Denial
Sublimation
39
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Agreeableness
Honesty
Extraversion
Openness
40
You find a slug on the shed only after it rains. What kind of reinforcement schedule is this?
Continuous
Variable Interval
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
41
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
Television has decreased IQ performance.
IQ average increases due to health improvements over time.
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Linguistic skills decline with age.
42
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Standardized test
Achievement test
Intelligence test
Aptitude test
43
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
44
Anna's dog was hit by a car. Anna cannot remember the details of that day. What is defense mechanism?
Denial
Suppression
Repression
Rationalization
45
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It yields consistent results.
It is also valid.
It is given in the same way every time.
It tests what it is supposed to test.
46
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A positive self-concept.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
A belief in luck.
A strong libido.
47
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Elements of language.
Two types of influences language has on thought.
48
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Mixed
Open-minded
Flexible
Eclectic
49
Scatterplots and correlation coefficient NEVER prove causation.
False
True
50
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
NREM 2
NREM 1
REM Sleep
NREM 3
51
The cochlea is responsible for...
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
Protecting the surface of the eye.
transduction
52
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Linear perspective
Interposition
Convergence
Texture gradient
53
The following graph shows what type of correlation?
Positive
Negative
No Correlation
54
What is a Single-Blind Study?
Experiment where participants are unaware who gets treated
Group to which the independent variable is applied
Describes the direction and strength of the relationship
Experiment where no one knows who gets the treatment
55
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
The need for a representative sample
Concerns over validity
Many confounding variables
Sampling error
56
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Acetylcholine
Thorazine
Dopamine
Serotonin
57
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
Body temperature and desire to eat.
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
58
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
59
What is a z-score?
the average of all the scores
the number that occurs most often
The difference between the largest score and the smallest
Where a score lies in relation to the mean
60
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
61
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
Which pain messages are perceived.
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
62
Weber's Law...
noticing change when adding 5 pounds
noticing 5% change in weights lifted
when first noticing a stimulus, 50% of the time
noticing amplitude of sound waves
63
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
GABA
Endorphins
Serotonin
Dopamine
64
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
The number of participants involved.
The developmental stage of the participants.
The time span of the study.
65
One of your classmates remarks that "Ryan is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
66
Correlation implies causation
False
True
67
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Unconscious behavioral impulses
Individual choice
Past conditioning
Biological processes
68
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Pre-operational
Conventional
Sensorimotor
Formal Operations
69
Redirecting
unacceptable
urges into socially acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Rationalization
Regression
Denial
Sublimation
70
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
71
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Biopsychologist
Psychodynamic
Behaviorist
Structuralist
72
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Variable Ratio
Continuous
Fixed Interval
Fixed Ratio
73
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
74
Which of the following is NOT one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Linguistic
Spatial
Practical
Musical
75
The
information-processing theory
states that dreams...
Occur only after stressful events.
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
Are representations of the information we encode daily.
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
76
What is an agonist ?
neurotransmitters in the brain
drugs that block neurotransmitters in the brain
drugs that mimic neurottransmitters in the brain
77
Def Mech: Ana is insecure of her looks and says others are ugly
projection
displacement
sublimation
repression
78
Confirmation bias
tendency to approach a problem with a method that worked previously
the inability to look from another perspective, in order to maintain belief
fast, automatic, unreasoned feelings and thoughts
seeking evidence to support an idea, rather than refute it
79
Depression is associated with low levels of...
Serotonin
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Acetylcholine
