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CMD 320 EXAM 3 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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CMD 320 EXAM 3 Review
CMD 320 EXAM 3 Review
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1
Minimal audible pressure (MAP) curves are measured using:
Headphones, one ear at a time
Headphones, both ears at once
Sound field, both ears at once
Sound field, one ear at a time
2
32
True
False
3
The redundancy of the CANS enables some important auditory skills. One of these is:
Impedance matching
Air-to-bone transformation
Auditory Scene Analysis
Removing background noise from speech
4
Outer hair cell motility and the SOC efferent pathway make it so that we can hear:
The sound of someone’s voice
Loud (or high-level) sounds, and fine timing distinctions
Soft (or low-level) sounds, and fine frequency distinctions
Outer hair cells and the efferent pathway are not important for hearing
5
1) The speech production mechanism is a combination of a “source” and a “filter”.
False
True
6
The following structure is NOT considered part of the auditory brainstem
Inferior colliculus
Superior Olivary Complex
Cochlear nucleus
Superior colliculus
7
40
Attention; Memory; Linguistic and musical background
Cognition has nothing to do with auditory perception
8
The major resonating cavities of the vocal tract are:
Pharyngeal, oral, nasal
Vocal folds, nasal, oral
Vocal folds, tongue, pharyngeal
Pharyngeal, tongue, jaw
9
The CANS is extremely redundant, meaning:
Info is only afferent. There is no efferent info from the CANS to the ear
Info from each ear is carried on both sides of the brain
Info is lost on the way to the brain
Info from each ear is carried on one side of the brain
10
When thinking about localization & auditory space perception a sound source’s distance from the listener is unimportant.
False
True
11
If the source is a complex aperiodic sound, that means that the vocal folds were:
Neither, the source has nothing to do with vocal folds
Open (abducted)
Closed (adducted) and vibrating
12
The central auditory nervous system (CANS) consists of:
None of these
Structures of CNS that process encoded neural signals from the retina
Struct of CNS that process encoded neural signals from the prim aud cortex
Structures of CNS that process encoded neural signals from the inner ear
13
Speech contains only periodic sounds. There are no aperiodic sounds in speech.
False
True
14
The cochlear nuclei sit at the juncture of the ________ and ________
Midbrain and Thalamus
Medulla and Pons
Medulla and Midbrain
Thalamus and Cortex
15
57
True
False
16
The core of the primary auditory cortex has ______ ______, much like the basilar membrane
Stereocilia cells
Tonotopic organization
Hair cells
Linear processing
17
If the source is a complex periodic sound, that means that the vocal folds were:
Neither, the source has nothing to do with vocal folds
Closed (adducted) and vibrating
Open (abducted)
18
At the upper limits of hearing, high level sound perceptions can turn into _______ sensations.
Taste
Tactile (e.g., pain)
Visual
Annoying
19
"Interaural comparisons” in the CANS enable us to _______ sounds.
Localize
Externalize
Ignore
Cancel out
20
The primary auditory cortex is in the _______ temporal lobe, tucked within the ______ fissure.
Superior; Lateral
Inferior; Lateral
Superior; Preoccipital
Middle; Preoccipital
21
The first location where signals from both ears interact in the CANS is:
Superior Olivary Complex
Lateral Lemniscus
Inferior Colliculus
Cochlear Nucleus
22
When thinking about localization and auditory space perception, azimuth refers to which plane?
Air
Distance
Horizontal
Vertical
23
About __ of auditory information is represented ipsilaterally
20%
0%
80%
50%
24
29)
True
False
25
The redundancy of the CANS enables some important auditory skills. One of these is:
Air-to-bone transformation
Impedance matching
Inner ear transformation
Sound Localization
26
0° azimuth means that the sound source is:
Directly in front of the listener (straight ahead)
Directly behind the listener
Directly to the right of the listener
Directly to the left of the listener
27
Outer hair cell motility and the CANS pathway enable “high-resolution hearing”
False
True
28
Minimal audible field (MAF) curves are measured using:
Headphones, both ears at once
Sound field, both ears at once
Headphones, one ear at a time
Sound field, one ear at a time
29
The final sensory relay-station for auditory information between the brainstem and the cortex is the:
Lateral Lemniscus
Medial Geniculate Body
Superior Olivary Complex
Lateral Geniculate Body
30
27)
True
False
31
The vocal tract acts like a quarter-wavelength resonator. The other structure in the body that resonates this way is:
The external ear canal
The cochlea
The retina
The vestibular system
32
64
False
True
33
Dynamic range is measured by subtracting the MAP threshold from the Threshold of Discomfort for a particular frequency.
False
True
34
Minimal audible level curves are not flat across frequency. That means that:
The physical dB SPL needed to detect a sound depends on timing
The physical dB SPL needed to detect a sound depends on its frequency
All sounds are equally audible, regardless of their frequency
Sounds pressure and loudness are unrelated across frequency
35
2)
True
False
36
Perceptual mapping involves relating signals in the _______ world to experiences in the _______ world
Mental; Vibrational
Hearing; Auditory
Physical; Mechanical
Physical; Psychological
37
If a sound source is at 0° azimuth, there are no ILDs or ITDs present
False
True
38
ITD and ILD cues are primarily processed in the:
Lateral Lemniscus
Inferior Colliculus
Superior Olivary Complex
Primary auditory cortex
39
35
True
False
40
People with hearing loss have difficulty with their auditory perception. In particular, they often have deficits in:
Perception of certain voices that they are tired of
Perception, but only of very quiet sounds
Low frequency perception
Loudness and pitch perception
41
Vocal tract resonant frequencies (R1, R3, R5) are called formants in the speech signal output (F1, F2, F3)
True
False
42
The head shadow effect results in interaural differences at frequencies:
> 3000 Hz
> 1500 Hz
< 1500 Hz
< 3000 Hz
43
37
False
True
44
What does ILD stand for?
Inter Linguistic Difference
Interaural Lateral Difference
Is (this test) Literally Done
Interaural Level Difference
45
Uncomfortable loudness curves are relatively flat across frequency. That means that:
Discomfort caused by low frequ sounds @ lower levels than high frequ sounds
Discomfort caused by high frequ sounds @ lower levels than low frequ sounds
Discomfort caused by high-level sounds equally across frequency
46
A clinical test of the afferent CANS pathway is the:
Auditory Brainstem Response
Electrical brainstem test
Neural coordination test
Audiometry test
47
MAF thresholds are ~____ dB lower than MAP thresholds. This indicates ______.
6 dB; human hearing is better in sound field than headphones
20 dB; human hearing is better now than in the past
6 dB; human hearing is more sensitive when using both ears
20 dB; human hearing is better in fields than in rooms
48
During phonation, vocal folds vibrate in a
complex
periodic
manner, and therefore the sound they produce has:
Trick question… Phonation has to do with the vocal tract
A fundamental frequency and harmonics
No fundamental frequency or harmonics
49
43
False
True
50
ITD and ILD cues are essential for _______ and _____ _____ _____
Musical recognition and speech perceptual memory
Localization and musical loudness perception
Speech recognition and musical pitch perception
Localization and auditory space perception
51
The healthy human auditory system can perceive sounds from about:
20 to 20,000 Hz
10 to 10,000 Hz
20 to 200,000 Hz
52
Interaural timing differences occur at frequencies:
> 3000 Hz
> 1500 Hz
< 1500 Hz
< 3000 Hz
53
44
Higher; Lower
Lower; Higher
Humans perceive pitch equally well across frequency
54
The McGurk Effect is an excellent demonstration of:
Hearing and Vision being totally separate
Speech perception deficits caused by lipreading
Visual deficits leading to hearing deficits
Audiovisual integration
55
Efferent signals that control outer hair cell function are coming from the:
Lateral lemniscus
Superior Olivary Complex
Primary auditory cortex in the temporal lobe
Inferior colliculus
56
The fund freq during phonated speech is directly related to the # of glottal cycles (or vocal fold vibrations) per sec
True
False
57
63
True
False
58
28)
Middle ear system to do extra work
Localization to be normal
Localization to be poor
Speech understanding in noise to be normal
59
What does ITD stand for?
Interaural Timing Difference
Inter Temporal Dynamics
Is This-Test Done
Interaural Total Difference
60
The smallest perceptible difference between two sounds is called a:
Difference Limen
Differential indicator
Change Limen
Just noticeable distinction
61
About __ of auditory information is represented contralaterally
20%
0%
50%
80%
62
If sound is coming into the right ear, most of it will be processed and represented in the _____ primary auditory cortex
Left
Right
63
The ______ _____ is an essential location for cross-modal integration of the auditory and visual systems
Cochlea
Cochlear Nucleus
Inferior Colliculus
Superior Olivary Complex
64
Sound pressure level differences between the ears primarily occur at:
All frequencies
Complex frequencies
Low frequencies
High frequencies
